scholarly journals Histological Scoring of Rectal Mucosa by Digital Quantitative Method in Bangladeshi Subjects

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
MMH Chowdhury ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
MA Haque ◽  
MK Rahman ◽  
I Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
High Power ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Ankylosing Spodylitis

Chronic inflammation is characterized by increased numbers of round cells in lamina propria, associated with irregularity of glandular system and increasing number of glands per area. But still there is no objective way to demarcate between normal and diseased mucosa by counting the number of inflammatory cells. Until date it is done arbitrarily which depends primarily upon the knowledge and experience of pathologist. So this study has been done with aims to score normal rectal mucosal histology using digital quantitative methods in Bangladeshi subjects. The variable recorded were the diameter of ten consecutive transversely cut glands, the space of lamina propria between glands and number of gland per high power field .Thirty patients with ankylosing spodylitis having normal rectal mucosa were enrolled for histological.scoring by digital quantitative methods. In this study it is found that 90% of subjects have the score of 17 or less. This data obtained serve as a basis for demarcating the histological state of rectal mucosa from various chronic inflammatory condition of rectum.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 190-193

Abstract 13869: Inflammatory Changes in the Lungs of Rats Exposed to E-cigarettes Without Marijuana, Vitamin E Oil, or Nicotine

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianru Shi ◽  
Michael T Kleinman ◽  
Rebecca J Arechavala ◽  
Dave Herman ◽  
Irene Hasen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
High Power ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Heating Element ◽  
Chromium Alloy ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Quantitative Manner ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Background: Recently, the clinical entity of EVALI (E-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury) was described and has similarities to COVID -19 pneumonia. We determined in a quantitative manner the inflammatory changes in the lungs associated with EVALI in a rodent model that does not include use of marijuana, vitamin E oil, or nicotine, which had been implicated as a cause. Methods: Adult Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to either pure air (n=5) or electronic cigarette (eC) vapor (propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin, tobacco flavoring) using a device with a nickel-chromium alloy (NC) heating element at 70 Watts (n=6) for 2 hours. The e-liquid did not contain nicotine, marijuana, or Vitamin E oil. Rats were euthanized within a few days of exposure and H&E-stained lung sections were assessed. Inflammatory cells were counted from 10 random areas per section at 20х magnification. Results: Alveolar structure appeared normal in the air group (Figure, panel C); the eC group using the NC heating element showed alveolar inflammation (D). The numbers of inflammatory cells per high power field in the lung parenchyma were significantly greater in the rats exposed to eC using NC heating element (67.5 ± 44.5) compared to the air group (6.7 ± 0.3; P < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). The predominant cell type was mononuclear and secondary were neutrophils. Other features included accumulation of fibrin and inflammatory cells in the lumen of the trachea (A); thickened alveolar walls; and red blood cell congestion (D). Inflammation of the nasal passages was also observed (B). Exposure of rats to e cigarettes using a stainless steel heating element did not result in EVALI, and the amount of inflammatory cells was closer to air exposed rats (7.2± 0.4). Conclusion: Vaping using a nichrome heating element at high power leads to respiratory tract pathology and a significant increase in the number of inflammatory cells in the alveoli. EVALI occurred without marijuana, vitamin E oil or nicotine.

scholarly journals Is There Pathological Uniformity between the Periphery and Center of a Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
Seong Ji Choi ◽  
Kwan Hong Lee ◽  
Chan Kyoo Yoo ◽  
Jai Hoon Yoon ◽  
Ki Seok Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
High Power ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Mitotic Count ◽  
Pathological Diagnosis ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Gastric Gists ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors and have some malignant potential. Mitotic count is important for predicting the malignant potential of GISTs. Proper treatment of GISTs requires accurate pathological diagnosis. In general, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration and deep biopsy are used for pathological diagnosis of GIST before making decisions about surgery. This study sought to evaluate the pathological uniformity of gastric GISTs for mitotic index of the center and periphery of the GIST. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 37 gastric GIST patients who underwent wedge resection at Hanyang University Hospital. We used Armed Forces Institute of Pathology criteria to classify gastric GISTs. To determine the pathological uniformity of gastric GISTs, we compared GIST risk stratification between the center and periphery of GISTs. Results: The mean size of GISTs was 3.56 ± 2.10 cm. Three lesions were located in the antrum, 11 in the fundus, 9 in the cardia, and 14 in the body. The mean age of patients was 58.65 ± 9.44 years; 18 patients were male and 19 were female. Thirty-five patients (94.6%) showed the same level of risk stratification between the center and periphery of gastric GISTs, while two patients (5.4%) presented different levels of risk between the two sites. No significant difference in mitotic count was observed between the two sites (kappa value = 0.863; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Mitotic index category (either more than five mitoses per high-power field or five or fewer mitoses per high-power field) of GISTs showed good concurrence between the center and periphery.

Automated image analysis of nuclear atypia in high-power field histopathological image

2015 ◽  
Vol 258 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHENG LU ◽  
MENGYAO JI ◽  
ZHEN MA ◽  
MRINAL MANDAL
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Power ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Nuclear Atypia ◽  
Histopathological Image

scholarly journals Investigating genre distinctions through discourse distance and discourse network

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Sun ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Wenxin Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Discourse Units ◽  
Syntactic Dependency

Abstract The notion of genre has been widely explored using quantitative methods from both lexical and syntactical perspectives. However, discourse structure has rarely been used to examine genre. Mostly concerned with the interrelation of discourse units, discourse structure can play a crucial role in genre analysis. Nevertheless, few quantitative studies have explored genre distinctions from a discourse structure perspective. Here, we use two English discourse corpora (RST-DT and GUM) to investigate discourse structure from a novel viewpoint. The RST-DT is divided into four small subcorpora distinguished according to genre, and another corpus (GUM) containing seven genres are used for cross-verification. An RST (rhetorical structure theory) tree is converted into dependency representations by taking information from RST annotations to calculate the discourse distance through a process similar to that used to calculate syntactic dependency distance. Moreover, the data on dependency representations deriving from the two corpora are readily convertible into network data. Afterwards, we examine different genres in the two corpora by combining discourse distance and discourse network. The two methods are mutually complementary in comprehensively revealing the distinctiveness of various genres. Accordingly, we propose an effective quantitative method for assessing genre differences using discourse distance and discourse network. This quantitative study can help us better understand the nature of genre.

scholarly journals Pilonidal Cyst of the Penis Mimicking Carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Luigi Cormio ◽  
Francesca Sanguedolce ◽  
Paolo Massenio ◽  
Giuseppe Di Fino ◽  
Giuseppe Carrieri
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pilonidal Sinus ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Sinus Tract ◽  
Penile Carcinoma ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Pilonidal Cyst ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition

Pilonidal sinus is a long-standing chronic inflammatory condition consisting of a sinus tract from the skin-lined orifice extending into subcutaneous tissue, with hairs attached to the wall of the tract and projecting outside of the opening. Penile location is rare, and differential diagnosis with severe balanoposthitis, epidermal cysts, and neoplasms can be difficult. We report a rare case of pilonidal cyst located between coronal sulcus and prepuce which, due to its ulcerated aspect and absence of a tract with projecting hairs, simulated a penile carcinoma.

Mitotic counts in one high power field in breast core biopsies is equivalent to counts in 10 high power fields

Pathology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whayoung Lee ◽  
Timothy Law ◽  
Yunxia Lu ◽  
Thomas K. Lee ◽  
Julio A. Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
High Power Field

Febrile Infants at Low Risk for Serious Bacterial Infection—An Appraisal of the Rochester Criteria and Implications for Management

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Jaskiewicz ◽  
Carol A. McCarthy ◽  
Amy C. Richardson ◽  
Kathleen C. White ◽  
Donna J. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
High Power ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Risk Criteria

Objective. Prospective studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that infants unlikely to have serious bacterial infections (SBI) can be accurately identified by low risk criteria. Methods. Febrile infants (rectal T ≥ 38°C) ≤60 days of age were considered at low risk for SBI if they met the following criteria: 1) appear well; 2) were previously healthy; 3) have no focal infection; 4) have WBC count 5.0-15.0 x 109 cells/L (5000-15 000/mm3), band form count≤ 1.5 x 109 cells/L (≤1500/mm3), ≤10 WBC per high power field on microscopic examination of spun urine sediment, and ≤5 WBC per high power field on microscopic examination of a stool smear (if diarrhea). The recommended evaluation included the culture of specimens of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine for bacteria. Outcomes were determined. The negative predictive values of the low risk criteria for SBI and bacteremia were calculated. Results. Of 1057 eligible infants, 931 were well appearing, and, of these, 437 met the remaining low risk criteria. Five low risk infants had SBI including two infants with bacteremia. The negative predictive value of the low risk criteria was 98.9% (95% confidence interval, 97.2% to 99.6%) for SBI, and 99.5% (95% confidence interval, 98.2% to 99.9%) for bacteremia. Conclusions. These data confirm the ability of the low risk criteria to identify infants unlikely to have SBI. Infants who meet the low risk criteria can be carefully observed without administering antimicrobial agents.

TNF-Alpha Inhibitors and Ustekinumab for the Treatment of Psoriasis: Therapeutic Utility in the Era of IL-17 and IL-23 Inhibitors

2022 ◽  
pp. 247553032110474
Author(s):  
Julie J. Hong ◽  
Edward K. Hadeler ◽  
Megan L. Mosca ◽  
Nicholas D. Brownstone ◽  
Tina Bhutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Risk Patient ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Biologic Therapies ◽  
Malignancy Risk ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Patient Subgroups

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition for which eleven FDA-approved biologic therapies are approved. Over the past decade, studies have documented the higher efficacy of IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors for the treatment of psoriasis compared to the TNF-alpha inhibitors and ustekinumab, an IL-12/23 inhibitor. Despite this, there remains an important role for the use of TNF-alpha inhibitors and ustekinumab in the treatment of psoriasis. Here, we review how considerations of infection and malignancy risk, patient demographics, treatment resistance, and comorbidities may make certain TNF-alpha inhibitors or ustekinumab an excellent choice for therapy in particular patient subgroups.

scholarly journals Prevalence, population dynamics and pathological effects of intestinal helminths in Black Bengal goats

1970 ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
UK Mohanta ◽  
A Anisuzzaman ◽  
T Farjana ◽  
PM Das ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Rectal Mucosa ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Parasitic Burden

Prevalence, population dynamics and pathological effects of intestinal helminths in Black Bengal goats were studied by examining 150 viscera collecting from different slaughter houses of Mymensingh district from the period of November 2005 to May 2006 in the Department of Parasitology and Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh,  of which 94.67% goats were infected with one or more species of helminths. A total of 5 species of helminth parasites were identified such as Oesophagostomum columbianum (92%), Trchuris ovis (56.66%), Schistosoma indicum (38%), Moniezia expansa (10.66%) and Moniezia benedeni (2.66%). Single infection was observed in case of O. columbianum (16%) and S. indicum (2.66%). Single sex infection was established by S. indicum male (5.33%). Overall mean parasitic burden was 34.02±2.20. Mean parasitic burden was the highest in case of O. columbianum (29.91±2.00) followed by that of T. ovis (5.70±0.47), S. indicum (4.66±0.42), M. expansa (2.59±0.54) and M. benedeni (1.00±00). Prevalence of intestinal helminth was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in winter (100%) than that in summer (89.33%). Calculated odds ratio in between winter and summer was 18, which indicated that Black Bengal goats were 18 times more susceptible to helminth infection in winter. Parasitic burden was also higher in winter (41.53±3.15) than that in summer (25.52±2.57) season. Pathological lesions were observed in case of O. columbianum, T. ovis and S. indicum infection. In O. columbianum infection, hard, raised, slightly yellowish to greenish colored nodules measuring 0.25×0.50 cm were observed. Microscopically, it was characterized by catarrhal inflammation associated with destruction and desquamation of epithelial cells. Affected tissues were infiltrated chiefly with lymphocytes, macrophages, a few eosinophils and occasionally with plasma cells and neutrophils. Caseation and fibrous tissue proliferation were also noticed. But moderate infection with T. ovis was characterized by catarrhal inflammation along with the petechial haemorrhages on the intestinal mucosa where parasites were firmly attached. Histopathologically, it was characterized by destruction of lining epithelium of villi of caecum and colon along with the cellular infiltration predominantly with lymphocytes, few eosinophils and occasionally by macrophages. Lymph nodes of the lamina propria were enlarged. In case of S. indicum infection, haemorrhages were observed particularly on the rectal mucosa. Numerous eggs were found in the mucosal scraping from intestinal surface. Microscopically, lamina propria was thick and inflammed. Granulomatous response was observed which was characterized by the infiltration of epitheloid cells and proliferation of fibroblasts. The present study clearly suggests that Black Bengal goats are susceptible to intestinal helminths in both winter and summer seasons and most of the parasites recovered were associated with the production of variable degree of pathological lesions. That is why proper attempts should be made to control all these parasites. Key words: Prevalence, population dynamics, pathological effects, intestinal helminths, goat DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v5i1.1313 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2007). 5 (1 & 2): 63-69

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