scholarly journals Screening of Derris indica Bennet. for cytotoxicity against Artemia salina and phytotoxicity on mustard seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
KAMSH Mondal ◽  
Nurul Islam ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Derris Indica ◽  
Mustard Seeds

Chloroform extracts of the fruit shell, leaves, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark and stem wood of Derris indica Bennet. were tested against the brine shrimp, Artemia salina nauplii. All the test extracts of D. indica were found to be effective. The LC50 values of the extracts were 15312.37, 92.074 and 29.661 ppm for the fruit shell; 60922.83, 61.522 and 23.777 ppm for the leaf; 15312.37, 51.477 and 19.169  ppm for the root bark; 2598.584, 30.480 and 8.260 ppm for the root wood; 545.025,26.730 and  7.719 ppm  for the seed; 60922.83, 114.549 and 29.572 ppm for the stem bark and  7734.618, 58.501 and 23.694 ppm for the stem wood at 30 minute, 24 hours and 48 hours post exposures  respectively at  doses 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 and 1.563 ppm against A. salina . The toxicity of the extracts could be arranged in the order: seed > root wood > root bark> stem wood > leaf > fruit shell > stem bark extract. However, the extracts did not significantly inhibit the germination of mustard oil seeds, and thus its application to crops or to the crop field may not cause any harm to crop plants.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v31i0.15402Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 31, 2012 pp. 59-64  

scholarly journals Antifungal Potentials of Derris indica (LAM.) Bennet Extractives

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
KAMSH Mondal ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Derris Indica ◽  
Activity Indices

Antifungal activity of the D. indica (Lam.) Bennet. extractives collected in CHCl3 and methanol were tested against seven pathogenic fungi F. vasinfectum, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. flavus, Mucor sp., C. albicans and P. notatum at concentrations of 50 and 200 ?g/disc along with a standard Nystatin (50 ?g/disc). The fruit shell extract showed activity index against C. albicans and P. notatum. The leaf and the root bark extracts were responsive on A. fumigatus, C. albicans, P. notatum and F. vasinfectum. For the root wood extract F. vasinfectum, A. fumigatus,, C. albicans were responsive. For the seed, stem bark and stem wood extract showed activity index against A. flavus, C. albicans, A. fumigatus P. notatum and Mucor sp. According to the intensity of activity indices D. indica extracts (CHCl3) could be arranged in a descending order of fruit shell > leaf > root bark > root wood > seed >stem wood> stem bark extract. For the MeOH extracts the fruit shell, leaf, root bark and root wood extracts showed activity indices against A. fumigatus, C. albicans , P. notatum , Mucor sp., F vasinfectum, and A. flavus. In case of the seed, stem bark and stem wood extracts A. flavus, C. albicans, A. fumigatus, P. notatum and Mucor sp. were responsive. According to the intensity of activity indices D. indica extracts (MeOH) could be arranged in a descending order of fruit shell > leaf > root bark > root wood >seed> stem bark > stem wood extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20122 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 61-65, 2012

scholarly journals Antibacterial and larvicidal potentials of Derris indica (Lamk.) Bennet. extractives

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
M Emdadul Haque ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Derris Indica

Chloroform extracts of the fruit shell, leaves, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark and stem wood of Derris indica were tested for their antibacterial and larvicidal potentials. Except the seed extract all other extracts offered activity against 15 pathogenic bacteria. The fruit shell extract showed activity against B. cereus, S.-β- haemolyticus and S. typhi; the leaf extract against Klebsiella sp. only; the root bark against B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae and S. sonnei; the root wood extract against B. sereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae, S. shiga, S. sonnei, Klebsiella sp. and P. aeruginosa; the stem bark extract against B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus and S. sonnei and the stem wood extract against B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus, S. typhi and S. dysenteriae. According to the intensity of activity against the selected bacteria the D. indica extracts could be arranged in a descending order of root wood> root bark> stem wood> stem bark> fruit shell> leaf extract. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the chloroform extract of root wood of D. indica were 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus, B. megaterium and S. dysenteriae and 64 μg/ml against B. cereus; for the stem wood extract 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus, B. megaterium, B. cereus and B. subtilis, and 64 μg/ml against S. dysenteriae. The root bark, root wood, seed and stem wood extracts showed efficacy against the 3rd instar larvae of Musca domestica with LC50 values in a descending order of root wood (3615.92 ppm) > seed (5538.07 ppm) > stem wood (12139.40 ppm) > root bark (16721.24 ppm).   Key words: Chloroform extract; Derris indica; antibacterial and larvicidal activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9460 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 17-22

scholarly journals Larvicidal potentiality of Derris indica Bennet. extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Derris Indica

Chloroform extracts of fruit shell, leaf, root-bark, root-wood, seeds, stem-bark and stem-wood of Derris indica Bennet. were tested on the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae. The LC50 values of fruit shell, leaf, root-bark, root-wood, seed, stem-bark and stem-wood were 30762.54, 60922.83, 70070.31, 3867.32, 361.89, 453810.10 and 225860.20 ppm, respectively for 30 minutes of exposure; 220.60, 141.56, 59.54, 36.95, 21.52, 229.92 and 82.84 ppm, respectively for 24 hours of exposure, and 49.97, 34.00, 26.26, 18.33, 8.64 , 68.88 and 30.15 ppm, respectively for 48 hours of exposure. The dose-mortality effects were in the order: seed > root-wood > root-bark > stem-wood > leaf > fruit shell > stem-bark. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v39i2.10568 Bangladesh J. Zool. 39(2): 137-145, 2011

scholarly journals Tanning capacity of Tessmannia burttii extracts: the potential eco-friendly tanning agents for the leather industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia R. China ◽  
Stephen S. Nyandoro ◽  
Joan J. E. Munissi ◽  
Mihayo M. Maguta ◽  
Michael Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Abstract In the present study, the tannins from stem and root barks of Tessmannia burttii Harms (Caesalpiniaceae), a plant species abundantly growing in Tanzania and other parts of Africa, were investigated for their suitability in hides tanning. Tannin powder was extracted at selected temperatures (30, 50 and 80 °C) and the influence of each temperature on the crosslinking capacity was evaluated. The interaction mechanism between hide powder collagen and the tannins was studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), trinitrobenzensulfonic (TNBS) acid assay and amino acid hydrolysis methods. Extraction temperatures showed low influence on crosslinking capacity of the tannins. However, extract obtained at 50 °C exhibited best performance in terms of gap size between Tonset and Tpeak. The stem bark extract yield was higher than that from the root bark, but both were within the recommended ranges. The tannin content (61%) of T. burttii stem bark extract was above recommended value (10%), whereas its total phenolic content and total flavonoic content were found to be above that of commercial Acacia mearnsii tannin. The study of cross-linking parameters as a function of pH showed cross-linking to occur via a covalent mechanism at the basic amino groups. However, the bonds were not resistant to acid hydrolysis. The observed interaction mechanism indicated that tannins from stem and root barks of T. burttii belong to the condensed tannin, similar to A. mearnsii (black wattle), a commercial tannin source that was used in this study as a reference. Findings from this study depict that T. burttii extracts are auspicious eco-friendly alternative source of vegetable tannins to overcome the use of chromium salts in the leather industry. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Spathodea companulata (African tulip tree) stem and root barks extracts ameliorated N-nitroso diethylamine induced hepatic impairment in male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Bala Muhammed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Glycoside ◽  
Hepatic Impairment ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Spathodea campanulata Beauv. is an important plant widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatic disease. In the present study, we evaluate the phytochemical composition and hepatoprotective potential effect of the stem and root bark extracts of Spathodea companulata on dimethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatic impairment in albino rats. Phytochemical compositions were analyzed using standard protocols. Forty-five male rats were grouped into 9 (A-I) of 5 rats each. Groups A-F were treated with stem bark extract, root bark extract, quercetin, DEN + stem bark extract, DEN + root bark extract, DEN + quercetin respectively while groups G-1 serve as control groups and were treated with corn oil only (Vehicle control), DEN only (Toxicant control), and distilled water (normal control) respectively. DEN was given at 25 mg/kg b.w., i.p on a weekly basis while all treatments were administered at 100 mg/kg BW orally for 60 days. Serum transaminase activities, body weight, and liver body weight ratio were evaluated. Results revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, saponins, anthraquinone, steroids, and flavonoids in stem bark extract of Spathodea companulata, while the root bark contains cardiac glycoside, saponins, anthraquinonoid, steroids, and flavonoid. The DEN non-treated rat exhibited significant (p<0.05) weight loss and increase serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities when compared with the normal control. Treatment with stem and root bark extracts of Spathodea companulata significantly ameliorated the toxicant induce alterations in the transaminase activity and body weight loss when compared with the DEN nontreated rats. In conclusion, this study provides scientific validation of the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the management of hepatic disorders

scholarly journals Screening of Glycosmis pentaphylla for Cytotoxic and Repellent Potentials agains Artemia salina Nauplii and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Adults

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Pramanik ◽  
MY Akter ◽  
AE Ekram ◽  
H Islam ◽  
AR Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Wood Extract

Chloroform extracts of the leaf, stem bark, stem wood and roots of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) were tested against the brine shrimp, Artemia salina nauplii for cytotoxic activity in which the dose-mortality assay revealed LC50 values of 28.579, 28.659, 57.213 and 84.111 ppm respectively, for the plant parts efficacy of which could be arranged in the order of leaf > stem bark > stem wood > root. The same extracts were tested for repellency against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults where the root bark and root wood were separately extracted and used. The F values of the arcsin transformed data were 60.983, 14.177, 19.437, 15.429 and 1.082 respectively for the leaf, stem bark, stem wood, root bark and root wood extracts. Except for the root wood extract, strong repellent activity was observed for the rest of the extracts (P<0.001). Key words: Artemia salina; Tribolium castaneum; Glycosmis pentaphylla; cytotoxic activity; repellent activity. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v3i0.7443 J. Life Earth Sci., Vols. 3-4: 33-36, 2009

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and In vitro Antimicrobial Study of the Root and Stem Bark Extracts of Ficus sycomorus Linn

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
I. Toma ◽  
D. Dahiru ◽  
M. A. Madusolumou
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Ficus Sycomorus

This study was conducted to carryout preliminary phytochemical analysis and in vitro antimicrobial activities of aqueous and ethanolic root and stem bark extracts of Ficus sycomorus. Qualitative phytochemical analysis for tannins, saponin, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, phenols, and reducing sugar was done using standard methods. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested against four micro- organisms; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysentrae, and Salmonella typhi. Agar well diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial studies. Phytochemical screening of both root and stem bark aqueous extracts showed the presence of tannin, saponin, terpenoid, flavonoid, alkaloids,  glycoside, steroid, reducing sugar, and phenol. Glycoside was not detected in both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the root bark. The result of the antimicrobial studies showed that the aqueous root extract have higher antimicrobial activity ranging from (2-12 mm) on the tested microorganisms than aqueous stem bark extract (3-9 mm), while for ethanol extract both stem and root bark extract has almost the same effect or antimicrobial activity on the tested pathogens ranging from (2-15 mm) which is having higher activity compared to the aqueous extracts. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of both the extracts were found to be 50 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL respectively.  From this study, it can, therefore, be concluded that the root and stem bark extract is a potential antimicrobial agent which support the claim of the traditional users of this plant in herbal medicine for the treatment of diseases that are of microbial origin.

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