scholarly journals Antibacterial and larvicidal potentials of Derris indica (Lamk.) Bennet. extractives

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
M Emdadul Haque ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Derris Indica

Chloroform extracts of the fruit shell, leaves, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark and stem wood of Derris indica were tested for their antibacterial and larvicidal potentials. Except the seed extract all other extracts offered activity against 15 pathogenic bacteria. The fruit shell extract showed activity against B. cereus, S.-β- haemolyticus and S. typhi; the leaf extract against Klebsiella sp. only; the root bark against B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae and S. sonnei; the root wood extract against B. sereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus, S. typhi, S. dysenteriae, S. shiga, S. sonnei, Klebsiella sp. and P. aeruginosa; the stem bark extract against B. cereus, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus and S. sonnei and the stem wood extract against B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, S. -β- haemolyticus, S. typhi and S. dysenteriae. According to the intensity of activity against the selected bacteria the D. indica extracts could be arranged in a descending order of root wood> root bark> stem wood> stem bark> fruit shell> leaf extract. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the chloroform extract of root wood of D. indica were 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus, B. megaterium and S. dysenteriae and 64 μg/ml against B. cereus; for the stem wood extract 128 μg/ml against S. -β- haemolyticus, B. megaterium, B. cereus and B. subtilis, and 64 μg/ml against S. dysenteriae. The root bark, root wood, seed and stem wood extracts showed efficacy against the 3rd instar larvae of Musca domestica with LC50 values in a descending order of root wood (3615.92 ppm) > seed (5538.07 ppm) > stem wood (12139.40 ppm) > root bark (16721.24 ppm).   Key words: Chloroform extract; Derris indica; antibacterial and larvicidal activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v29i1.9460 UJZRU 2010; 29(1): 17-22

scholarly journals Antifungal Potentials of Derris indica (LAM.) Bennet Extractives

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
KAMSH Mondal ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Activity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Wood Extract ◽  
Derris Indica ◽  
Activity Indices

Antifungal activity of the D. indica (Lam.) Bennet. extractives collected in CHCl3 and methanol were tested against seven pathogenic fungi F. vasinfectum, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. flavus, Mucor sp., C. albicans and P. notatum at concentrations of 50 and 200 ?g/disc along with a standard Nystatin (50 ?g/disc). The fruit shell extract showed activity index against C. albicans and P. notatum. The leaf and the root bark extracts were responsive on A. fumigatus, C. albicans, P. notatum and F. vasinfectum. For the root wood extract F. vasinfectum, A. fumigatus,, C. albicans were responsive. For the seed, stem bark and stem wood extract showed activity index against A. flavus, C. albicans, A. fumigatus P. notatum and Mucor sp. According to the intensity of activity indices D. indica extracts (CHCl3) could be arranged in a descending order of fruit shell > leaf > root bark > root wood > seed >stem wood> stem bark extract. For the MeOH extracts the fruit shell, leaf, root bark and root wood extracts showed activity indices against A. fumigatus, C. albicans , P. notatum , Mucor sp., F vasinfectum, and A. flavus. In case of the seed, stem bark and stem wood extracts A. flavus, C. albicans, A. fumigatus, P. notatum and Mucor sp. were responsive. According to the intensity of activity indices D. indica extracts (MeOH) could be arranged in a descending order of fruit shell > leaf > root bark > root wood >seed> stem bark > stem wood extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20122 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 61-65, 2012

scholarly journals Screening of Derris indica Bennet. for cytotoxicity against Artemia salina and phytotoxicity on mustard seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
KAMSH Mondal ◽  
Nurul Islam ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Derris Indica ◽  
Mustard Seeds

Chloroform extracts of the fruit shell, leaves, root bark, root wood, seeds, stem bark and stem wood of Derris indica Bennet. were tested against the brine shrimp, Artemia salina nauplii. All the test extracts of D. indica were found to be effective. The LC50 values of the extracts were 15312.37, 92.074 and 29.661 ppm for the fruit shell; 60922.83, 61.522 and 23.777 ppm for the leaf; 15312.37, 51.477 and 19.169  ppm for the root bark; 2598.584, 30.480 and 8.260 ppm for the root wood; 545.025,26.730 and  7.719 ppm  for the seed; 60922.83, 114.549 and 29.572 ppm for the stem bark and  7734.618, 58.501 and 23.694 ppm for the stem wood at 30 minute, 24 hours and 48 hours post exposures  respectively at  doses 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125 and 1.563 ppm against A. salina . The toxicity of the extracts could be arranged in the order: seed > root wood > root bark> stem wood > leaf > fruit shell > stem bark extract. However, the extracts did not significantly inhibit the germination of mustard oil seeds, and thus its application to crops or to the crop field may not cause any harm to crop plants.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v31i0.15402Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 31, 2012 pp. 59-64  

scholarly journals Screening of Glycosmis pentaphylla for Cytotoxic and Repellent Potentials agains Artemia salina Nauplii and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Adults

1970 ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Pramanik ◽  
MY Akter ◽  
AE Ekram ◽  
H Islam ◽  
AR Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Wood Extract

Chloroform extracts of the leaf, stem bark, stem wood and roots of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) were tested against the brine shrimp, Artemia salina nauplii for cytotoxic activity in which the dose-mortality assay revealed LC50 values of 28.579, 28.659, 57.213 and 84.111 ppm respectively, for the plant parts efficacy of which could be arranged in the order of leaf > stem bark > stem wood > root. The same extracts were tested for repellency against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults where the root bark and root wood were separately extracted and used. The F values of the arcsin transformed data were 60.983, 14.177, 19.437, 15.429 and 1.082 respectively for the leaf, stem bark, stem wood, root bark and root wood extracts. Except for the root wood extract, strong repellent activity was observed for the rest of the extracts (P<0.001). Key words: Artemia salina; Tribolium castaneum; Glycosmis pentaphylla; cytotoxic activity; repellent activity. DOI: 10.3329/jles.v3i0.7443 J. Life Earth Sci., Vols. 3-4: 33-36, 2009

scholarly journals Larvicidal potentiality of Derris indica Bennet. extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mondal ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Derris Indica

Chloroform extracts of fruit shell, leaf, root-bark, root-wood, seeds, stem-bark and stem-wood of Derris indica Bennet. were tested on the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say larvae. The LC50 values of fruit shell, leaf, root-bark, root-wood, seed, stem-bark and stem-wood were 30762.54, 60922.83, 70070.31, 3867.32, 361.89, 453810.10 and 225860.20 ppm, respectively for 30 minutes of exposure; 220.60, 141.56, 59.54, 36.95, 21.52, 229.92 and 82.84 ppm, respectively for 24 hours of exposure, and 49.97, 34.00, 26.26, 18.33, 8.64 , 68.88 and 30.15 ppm, respectively for 48 hours of exposure. The dose-mortality effects were in the order: seed > root-wood > root-bark > stem-wood > leaf > fruit shell > stem-bark. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v39i2.10568 Bangladesh J. Zool. 39(2): 137-145, 2011

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF CLAUSENA DENTATA (WILLD.) ROEM.

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
ANNAMALAI MADURAM ◽  
RAJU KAMARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the antibacterial activity for the various extracts of Clausena dentata against human pathogens. Clausena (Rutaceae) is a genus of about 23 species of unarmed trees and shrubs. The stem bark of C. dentata is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of wounds and sprains. Even though C. dentata has a lot of potential medical uses, the study of microbiological properties is very scarce. Methods: The plant C. dentata was collected from Kadagaman, near Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu, India, and authenticated by Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai. The dry powder of stem bark was extracted with hexane, chloroform, and methanol. The extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus and compared with ciprofloxacin. Results: Qualitative chemical tests revealed the presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrate, proteins and amino acids, phytosterols, and volatile oil. The antibacterial activity result reveals that all the extracts were are more active against V. cholerae. The activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was mild. Conclusion: The activity against V. cholerae was comparable with that of 5 μg/mL ciprofloxacin at the concentration of C. dentata 40 μg/mL. The orders of antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria are hexane, methanol, and chloroform extract of C. dentata.

scholarly journals Studies on the Phytochemical Compounds in the Ethanolic Leaf Extract (ELE), Ethanolic Bark Extract (EBE) and Ethanolic Root Extract (ERE) of Bridelia ferruginea Benth (Euphorbiaceae)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Attah Alfa ◽  
Orukotan Abimbola Ayodeji ◽  
Goji Anthony Donatus Teru ◽  
Kokori Bajeh Tijani
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Suction Pump ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds

The phytochemical compounds of Bridelia ferruginea plant parts was carried out using qualitative method to determine the bioactive compounds present in the plant leave, stem bark and root extracts. The samples was weighed, of which 100 g each of the powder were extracted in solvents (ethanol) 1000 ml macerated and stand for 72 hours. The solvents contained in the maceration bottle was decanted and filtered using a filter paper, the filtration was aided using a suction pump. The filtrate was concentrated using a rotary evaporator and then transferred into thermostatic water cabinet (Temperature was set at 45oC), allowed to dry completely. The plant parts extracts were separately kept in a screw capped bottle for further research. The bioactive compound in the plant parts were detected. The result revealed that Carbohydrates, Saponins, Flavonoids, Tannins, Cardiac Glycosides, fats and oils were present. Alkaloid present in Dragendoff’s test in all plant parts extract but absent in Mayer’s test in only leaf extract. Terpenoids/Steroids present in Liebermann-Burchard’s test in all plant parts extract but absent in Salkowski’s test in only leaf extract. Anthraquinones were absent in all plant parts extracts using Bontrager’s test. Therefore, the presence of these phyto-pharmacological compounds is an indicative that the plant is medicinal and it can be used for the treatment of bacterial and other microbial infections. Further study can be done to separate the individual metabolites to test their antimicrobial activity against some pathogenic bacteria like bacterial meningitis, tuberculosis and syphilis to determine their potency.

Lack of in vitro antihyaluronidase activity of methanolic leaf extract of Indigofera tinctoria L and methanolic stem bark extract of Stereospermum suaveolens DC

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
WanigasekaraDaya Ratnasooriya ◽  
ChathurangaBharathee Ranaweera ◽  
WalimuniPrabhashini Abeysekara ◽  
Ranjith Pathirana
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria

scholarly journals Ethanol leaf extract of Jatropha tanjorensis ameliorates hepatorenal toxicity of Plasmodium berghi-berghi infected mice treated with Hippocratea africana root bark extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-377
Author(s):  
JI Ndem ◽  
◽  
AF Uwah ◽  
BO Effiong ◽  
UE Bassey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hepatorenal Function

The effect of ethanol leaf extract of Jatropha tanjorensis on hepatorenal function of Plasmodium berghiberghi infected mice treated with root bark extract of Hippocratea africana was evaluated. Twenty-One (21) male mice weighing between 27 – 33 g used for the study were divided into seven groups. Group 1 served as normal control while Groups 2 – 7 were parasitized with Plasmodium berghi-berghi and Group 2 was the test control group (parasitized without treatment). Group 3 was administered 8 mg/kg bw of artemether-lumefantrine for 3 days. Group 4 and 5 received daily, 200 mg/kg bw and 300 mg/kg bw of Hippocratea africana and Jatropha tanjorensis respectively for 4 days. Group 6 received 8mg/kg bw of artemether-lumefantrine for 3 days followed with 300 mg/kg bw of Jatropha tanjorensis for 4 days. Group 7 was treated with 200 mg/kg bw of Hippocratea africana for 4 days followed by 300 mg/kg bw of Jatropha tanjorensis for 4 days. The concentration of urea, creatinine and the activities of the liver enzymes were observed to increase significantly following induction of malaria when compared to normal control. Treatment with artemether-lumefantrine and root bark extract of Hippocratea africana showed drug induced hepatorenal toxicity which was ameliorated with the administration of ethanol leaf extract of Jatropha tanjorensis. The study showed that Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract had hepatorenal protective function against Plasmodium berghi-berghi infection and malaria treatment induced toxicity, that may be due to its rich phytochemicals with antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Brine Shrimp Cytotoxic and Lemna minor Phytotoxic Evaluations of the Methanol Extracts of the Leaves, Stem and Root Barks of Sacrocephalus latifolius

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
E. O. Ikpefan
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Artemia Nauplii ◽  
Powder Samples

This work was aimed at evaluating the probable toxicity of the methanol extract of the leaf, stem bark and root of Sacrocephalus latifolius on Artemia nauplii and fronds of Lemna minor. The powder samples of the three morphological parts were independently extracted with soxhlet extractor apparatus using 95% methanol and were dried with aid of ritory evaporator at 40ºC. The extracts were subjected to biological activities involving brine shrimp cytotoxicity and Lemna minor test for phytotoxicity at 10-100 μg /mL respectively. The experiment was done in replicates of three. Concentration-dependent cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities were recorded for the extracts. The results revealed that extract of the leaves demonstrated significant cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities over the other parts of the plant. At 10μg/mL, the three extracts recorded little or no cytotoxic activity. However, at the maximum concentration of 1000 μg /mL, cytotoxicities of 66.67 and 3.33% were recorded for extracts of the leaf and root bark respectively, while the extract of the stem bark showed no activity. However, the LC50 of the leaf was 467.74μg /mL, and that of the other extracts were observed to be ˃1000μg /mL. The results for phytotoxicity followed a similar trend with the extracts of the leaf and root bark recording 52.96 and 23.33 % phytotoxicities respectively at 1000 μg /mL. Having shown a higher activity over the other extracts, the leaf extract of S. latifolius could serves as a natural alternative pesticide and weedicide. Keywords: Sacrocephalus latifolius, phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, fronds, Artemia nauplii, Lemna minor

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