Influence of calcium silicate application on the population of Aproaerema modicella Deventer (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on groundnut

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Parthiban ◽  
C. Chinniah ◽  
R. K. Murali Baskaran ◽  
N. Muthukrishnan ◽  
D. S. Rajavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Aproaerema Modicella ◽  
Moderate Reduction ◽  
Defensive Enzymes ◽  
Untreated Check

Field experiments with foliar application of calcium silicate @ 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 per cent, soil drenching of calcium silicate @ 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 per cent and combination of foliar and soil drenching (@ 2.0% + 20.0%, 3.5% + 15.0% and 5.0% + 10.0%) were evaluated on 20 days old groundnut plant and compared with an untreated check. Application of calcium silicate via foliage and soil simultaneously @ 5 and 10 per cent on 20 days after dibbling of groundnut was effective to reduce the population of leaf miner and their leaflet damage, recording mean population of 5.25 nos. of larvae/10 plants and 16.46 per cent leaflet damage, respectively, while it was 12.25 nos. of larvae/10 plants and 27.95 per cent leaflet damage in untreated control. Reduction in population of leaf miner in groundnut might be due to silica induced plant defensive enzymes, however, the moderate reduction in population of leaf miner pest in groundnut can be well explained due to the high accumulation of silica in groundnut plants.

Field evaluation of methoxyfenozide 24 SC against leaf miner, Aproaerema modicella (Deventer) and its effect on predatory coccinellids of groundnut

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pavviya ◽  
N. Muthukrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Aproaerema Modicella ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Different Doses

The experiment on efficacy of methoxyfenozide 24 SC on leaf miner, Aproaerema modicella and its effects on coccinellids was conducted during kharif 2012 and rabi 2013 on groundnut variety, VRI 1. Among different doses of methoxyfenozide 24 SC (180, 210 and 240 g a.i/ha), chlorpyriphos 20 EC@225 g a.i/ha, lamda cyhalothrin 5 EC@15 g a.i/ha and dichlorvos 76 SC@750 g a.i/ha, the significant least incidence of Aproaerema modicella was recorded in methoxyfenozide @240ga.i./ha(4.8%/plants) followed by methoxyfenozide@210 g a.i./ha (5.6%/plants) and methoxyfenozide@180 g a.i./ha (7.2%/ plants). Maximum population of coccinellids was recorded in the untreated check (3.4 nos./plant) followed by methoxyfenozide@180 g a.i./ha (2.9nos./plant),methoxyfenozide@210 g a.i./ha (2.8 nos./plant) and methoxyfenozide@240 g a.i./ha (2.7nos./plant).High pod yield was recorded in the plots treated with methoxyfenozide@240 g a.i./ha (3704.5 kg/ha) followed by methoxyfenozide@210 ga.i./ha (3559.5 kg/ha) and methoxyfenozide @180ga.i./ha (3441.5 kg/ha).

scholarly journals Increase maize productivity and water use efficiency through application of potassium silicate under water stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Gomaa ◽  
Essam E. Kandil ◽  
Atef A. M. Zen El-Dein ◽  
Mamdouh E. M. Abou-Donia ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractIn Egypt, water shortage has become a key limiting factor for agriculture. Water-deficit stress causes different morphological, physiological, and biochemical impacts on plants. Two field experiments were carried out at Etay El-Baroud Station, El-Beheira Governorate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt, to evaluate the effect of potassium silicate (K-silicate) of maize productivity and water use efficiency (WUE). A split-plot system in the four replications was used under three irrigation intervals during the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Whereas 10, 15, and 20 days irrigation intervals were allocated in main plots, while the three foliar application treatments of K-silicate (one spray at 40 days after sowing; two sprays at 40 and 60 days; and three sprays at 40, 60, and 80 days, and a control (water spray) were distributed in the subplots. All the treatments were distributed in 4 replicates. The results indicated that irrigation every 15 days gave the highest yield in both components and quality. The highly significant of (WUE) under irrigation every 20 days. Foliar spraying of K-silicate three times resulted in the highest yield. Even under water-deficit stress, irrigation every fifteen days combined with foliar application of K-silicate three times achieved the highest values of grain yield and its components. These results show that K-silicate treatment can increase WUE and produce high grain yield requiring less irrigation.

Effect of water stress and NaCl triggered changes on yield, physiology, biochemistry of broad bean (Vicia faba) plants and on quality of harvested pods

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Ouzounidou ◽  
Ilias Ilias ◽  
Anastasia Giannakoula ◽  
Ioanna Theoharidou
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSalinity and drought are the most important abiotic stresses affecting crop yield. Broad bean was chosen as model plant for assessing the impact of salt stress and its interaction with drought in the field experiments. The factors examined in the experiments were the two irrigation rates (normal watering — NW with 3 L plant−1 and drought — D) and three salinity rates imposed by foliar application (0, 50, 100 mg L−1 NaCl). Highest NaCl level with normal water irrigation caused maximum reduction in plant height and production, which it was due to photosynthetic disturbances. Salt injuries were alleviated by increasing water stress. The control plants exposed to NaCl lost their ability over water control. The increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 indicate the prevalence of oxidative stress due to salinity. The levels of proline and carbohydrates were higher under salinity alone than under simultaneous exposure to drought and NaCl. The protein concentration of immature and mature broad bean pods was more inhibited more by NaCl supply than by drought alone. The combination of drought and NaCl resulted in a significant increase in proteins, glucose, fructose and sucrose content. Overall, the ameliorative effect of drought under NaCl supply was quantified.

scholarly journals Influence of Foliar Nutrition on Seed Setting Percentage, Yield and Economics of Red Gram (Cajanus cajan (L.)) under Irrigated Condition

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
C. Sivakumar ◽  
Krishnaveni . ◽  
M. Pandiyan
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Control Water

Field experiments were conducted to study the influence of foliar nutrition on pod setting percentage, yield and economics of red gram (Cajanus cajan (L.)  under the irrigated condition at Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Paiyur - 635 112, Tamil Nadu, India in Kharif season of 2016-17. To study the effect of different nutrient sources the following treatments were imposed. The treatments include the foliar application of 2% DAP twice at flowering and 15 days thereafter first spray (T1), Foliar application of TNAU pulse wonder at 5 kg/ha at peak flowering (T2), Foliar application of 0.5% MAP twice at flowering and 15 days thereafter first spray (T3). Foliar application of CCC 200 ppm twice at flowering and 15 days thereafter (T4) and Control (water spray)(T5). Among the treatments, it was concluded that application of 0.5% mono ammonium phosphate (MAP) at flowering and 15 days after the first spray recorded the higher grain and stalk yield of 1522 and 6222 kg ha-1 in red gram respectively and also recorded a higher gross income of Rs. 91320, net income of Rs. 50520 and B: C ratio of 2.2. Further, the yield increase was 25% higher yield over control (water spray) and 12% higher over-application of CCC 200 ppm twice at flowering and 15 days after the first spray.

scholarly journals Efficacy of newer insecticides against sucking pests of rice fallow blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Swathi ◽  
P. Seetharamu ◽  
S. Dhurua ◽  
M. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Agricultural College ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Cent Disease ◽  
Thrips Population

A field experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of different insecticides against sucking pests viz., thrips, Caliothrips indicus Bangall and whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, infesting blackgram in North coastal Andhrapradesh at Agricultural College, Naira during rabi 2017-2018.The experimental results revealed that all the treatments showed significant differences in reducing the population of sucking pests over untreated check. Among the tested insecticides, thiacloprid 21.7 SC @ 0.0325% was found to be highly effective against thrips by reducing74.80 per cent thrips population followed by acetamiprid 4 % + fipronil 4% @ 2ml l-1 with 70.81 per cent over untreated control, whereas flonicamid 50 WG @ 0.0325% was very effective against the population of whitefly byreducing 72.19 per cent and lowest per cent disease incidence (17.66%) followed by acetamiprid 4% + fipronil 4% @ 2ml l-1 (64.94%) and thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.005% (62.21%) which were on par with each other over control.

scholarly journals Length of Efficacy for Control of Curly Top in Sugar Beet With Seed and Foliar Insecticides

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl A. Strausbaugh ◽  
Erik J. Wenninger ◽  
Imad A. Eujayl
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Beet Curly Top Virus ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Untreated Check

Curly top in sugar beet caused by Beet curly top virus (BCTV) is an important yield-limiting disease that can be reduced via neonicotinoid and pyrethroid insecticides. The length of efficacy of these insecticides is poorly understood; therefore, field experiments were conducted with the seed treatment Poncho Beta (clothianidin at 60 g a.i. + beta-cyfluthrin at 8 g a.i. per 100,000 seed) and foliar treatment Asana (esfenvalerate at 55.48 g a.i./ha). A series of four experiments at different locations in the same field were conducted in 2014 and repeated in a neighboring field in 2015, with four treatments (untreated check, Poncho Beta, Asana, and Poncho Beta + Asana) which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with eight replications. To evaluate efficacy, viruliferous (contain BCTV strains) beet leafhoppers were released 8, 9, 10, or 11weeks after planting for each experiment, which corresponded to 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after Asana application. Over both years, in 30 of 32 observation dates for treatments with Poncho Beta and 14 of 16 observation dates for Asana, visual curly top ratings decreased an average of 41 and 24%, respectively, with insecticide treatments compared with the untreated check. Over both years, in eight of eight experiments for treatments with Poncho Beta and six of eight experiments for Asana, root yields increased an average of 39 and 32%, respectively, with treatment compared with the untreated check. Over both years, the Poncho Beta treatments increased estimated recoverable sucrose (ERS) yield by 75% compared with the untreated check for weeks 8 and 9. By week 10, only the Poncho Beta + Asana treatment led to increases in ERS in both years, while the influence of increasing host resistance may have made other treatments more difficult to separate. When considering curly top symptoms, root yield, and ERS among all weeks and years, there was a tendency for the insecticides in the Poncho Beta + Asana treatment to complement each other to improve efficacy.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Fungicide Applications During and After Anthesis Against Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol in Soft Red Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1387-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. D'Angelo ◽  
C. A. Bradley ◽  
K. A. Ames ◽  
K. T. Willyerd ◽  
L. V. Madden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Seven field experiments were conducted in Ohio and Illinois between 2011 and 2013 to evaluate postanthesis applications of prothioconazole + tebuconazole and metconazole for Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol (DON) control in soft red winter wheat. Treatments consisted of an untreated check and fungicide applications made at early anthesis (A), 2 (A+2), 4 (A+4), 5 (A+5), or 6 (A+6) days after anthesis. Six of the seven experiments were augmented with artificial Fusarium graminearum inoculum, and the other was naturally infected. FHB index (IND), Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), and DON concentration of grain were quantified. All application timings led to significantly lower mean arcsine-square-root-transformed IND and FDK (arcIND and arcFDK) and log-transformed (logDON) than in the untreated check; however, arcIND, arcFDK, and logDON for the postanthesis applications were generally not significantly different from those for the anthesis applications. Relative to the check, A+2 resulted in the highest percent control for both IND and DON, 69 and 54%, respectively, followed by A+4 (62 and 52%), A+6 (62 and 48%), and A (56 and 50%). A+2 and A+6 significantly reduced IND by 30 and 14%, respectively, relative to the anthesis application. Postanthesis applications did not, however, reduce DON relative to the anthesis application. These results suggest that applications made up to 6 days following anthesis may be just as effective as, and sometimes more effective than, anthesis applications at reducing FHB and DON.

Efficacy of Halauxifen-Methyl on Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Erigeron canadensis)

Weed Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. McCauley ◽  
William G. Johnson ◽  
Bryan G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Synthetic Auxin ◽  
Comparable Level ◽  
Erigeron Canadensis ◽  
Application Rates

AbstractHalauxifen-methyl is a new synthetic auxin herbicide for control of broadleaf weeds, including preplant applications for corn (Zea maysL.) or soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.]. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of halauxifen-methyl in comparison to the current auxin standards, 2,4-D and dicamba, on glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed (Erigeron canadensisL.) at different plant heights. In field experiments, a foliar application of halauxifen-methyl at the recommended use rate of 5 g ae ha−1resulted in 81% control. Dicamba applied at 280 g ae ha−1provided a comparable level of efficacy of 80%, while 2,4-D at 560 g ae ha−1resulted in 49% control. The addition of glyphosate improved GRE. canadensiscontrol with 2,4-D more than with halauxifen-methyl or dicamba, possibly due to the higher level of control observed with halauxifen-methyl or dicamba alone. Even though applied at 50 to 100 times lower application rates, the efficacy of halauxifen-methyl onE. canadensiswas similar to dicamba and greater than 2,4-D. Thus, halauxifen-methyl should be an effective tool for management of GRE. canadensisbefore planting both conventional and herbicide-resistant soybean varieties, and it precludes the extended preplant application interval required for dicamba in some soybean management systems.

Impact of Foliar Application of Acibenzolar S-Methyl on Rose Rosette Disease and Rose Plant Quality

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binoy Babu ◽  
Mathews L Paret ◽  
Xavier Martini ◽  
Gary Knox ◽  
Barron Riddle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Rose Rosette ◽  
Rose Rosette Disease

Rose rosette disease (RRD) caused by rose rosette emaravirus (RRV) is a major issue in the U.S. rose industry with no effective method for its management. This study evaluated the effect of foliar application of Acibenzolar S-methyl (ASM), a plant systemic acquired resistance inducer in reducing RRD disease severity on Rosa species cv. Radtkopink (Pink Double Knock Out®) under greenhouse condition, and the effect of ASM on plant growth under commercial nursery production conditions. ASM at 50 or 100 mg/L at weekly intervals significantly reduced RRD severity compared to the untreated control in two of the three greenhouse trials (P < 0.05). The plants in these trials were subsequently pruned and observed for symptoms, which further indicated that application of ASM at 50 or 100 mg/L lowered disease severity compared to the untreated control (P < 0.05) in these two trials. Plants treated with ASM at 50 or 100 mg/L had delayed incidence of RRD compared to the non-treated controls. Plants treated with ASM at 50 or 100 mg/L rate in all three trials either did not have RRV present or the virus was present in fewer leaf samples than untreated controls as indicated by RT-qPCR analysis. Overall, plants treated with ASM at 50 mg/L had 36-43% reduced RRD incidence compared to the water control. The treatment of two cultivars of rose, ‘Radtkopink’ and ‘Meijocos’ (Pink Drift®), with weekly foliar applications of ASM at three rates (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 oz/A) indicated that ASM had no negative effect on flowering or plant growth at even the highest rate.

Methods and time of application of labelled nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-534
Author(s):  
E. P. Papanicolaou ◽  
V. D. Skarlou ◽  
C. Nobeli ◽  
N. S. Katranis
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Maize Grain

SummaryIn this study two field experiments were conducted on a heavy to medium heavy, calcareous, recent alluvial soil of Central Greece. The main aim of these experiments was to study the effect of the most common nitrogen sources, applied in one or two doses, on maize growth and fertilizer utilization. Foliar application of urea was also a treatment included in these experiments.Phosphorus alone had no significant effect on maize yield. Nitrogen (various forms), alone or in combination with phosphorus, increased the yield and nitrogen content of maize. Maize yield was not significantly affected by the form of nitrogen or by dividing the application of nitrogen. Foliar applications of urea were as effective as soil applications in increasing maize grain yields.The percentage of fertilizer nitrogen taken up (utilization coefficient) ranged between ca. 58% for sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, and ca. 39% for ammonium sulphate and urea, when the fertilizers were applied about 10 weeks after sowing. Foliar urea was nearly as efficiently utilized as urea applied as a sidedressing. Application of the tested fertilizers before sowing was nearly as efficient as or more efficient than application of the fertilizers as a sidedressing at 70 cm plant height (38 days after sowing). Finally, addition of 120 kg N/ha enhanced the amount of soil nitrogen taken up in the maize crop by 33%.

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