scholarly journals Empresas que contaminan, ¡Empresas que pagan!

UDA AKADEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Marco Piedra-Aguilera ◽  
Alexandra Piedra-Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Rate Calculation ◽  
The City

ResumenEste trabajo presenta una propuesta para aplicar un método de cálculo tarifario sobre la contaminación ambiental, aplicable a las industrias que descargan sus desperdicios en los efluentes de la ciudad. Una vez aplicada esta tarifa beneficiará tanto a las entidades municipales, como a la ciudadanía en general.Como efectos directos de aplicación de la medida las empresas se verán obligadas a evaluar los compuestos de sus materias primas, mejorar sus procesos productivos y, por ende, a disminuir sus niveles de contaminación antes de la descarga a los sistemaspúblicos de alcantarillado.Palabras claves: Industria, medio, legislación ambiental, contaminación, tasas ambientales, responsabilidad ambiental.AbstractThis research proposes to apply a rate calculation method of the environmental pollution, which will be used in industries that discharge their waste into the effluents of the city. This method will bring better incomes for both: Municipality and citizens in general.As direct effects of applying this method, the companies will have to have their raw material components checked, their production processes improved and their pollution levels decreased before their discharge into the public sewer system.

scholarly journals Development of lake conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renny Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
The City ◽  
Minor Irrigation

The city of Bengaluru, once known as the Garden City of India and the City of Lakes, has now transformed into the Silicon Valley of India. This transformation has happened over the last few decades and has caused major changes to the City’s landscape. One if the important issues the city faces today is the scarcity of water. Researchers owe this issue to the depletion of lakes due to high pollution levels, encroachment and dumping of solid waste in the lakes. The neighborhood Bannerghutta is located in the Southern part of Bangalore Metropolitan Region, which is in developing stages and handful of lakes are found and comes under Minor Irrigation Department. The project focusses on Safeguarding the lake and transforming buffers into public recreational areas with functional strips of riparian vegetation. Safeguarding of lake ensures the habited of that area is preserved and protected. The transformation of lake buffer zones into public recreational spaces ensures the area to be free of any buildings that might otherwise be built on this land. Also, bringing in the public into the space would allow increased public involvement in the lakes campaign and would ensure better maintenance of the functional parts of the lake. A recreational space is perceived as a destination and would add value to the place. Keywords: Safeguarding the lake, developing stages and handful of lakes

scholarly journals Benefit-cost analysis of accelerated replacement of Hong Kong’s pre-Euro IV buses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-360
Author(s):  
Weiwen Leung
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The City

Hong Kong’s franchised buses contribute significantly to its high pollution levels, which in turn result in excess mortality and hospitalizations. I show that replacing all of Hong Kong’s pre-Euro IV buses with cleaner Euro V buses would save 1260 statistical lives, among other benefits. The expected net benefit of such a project is HK$26.4 billion under a discount rate of 3.5%. This result is robust to a discount rate of 10% and a mortality decrease of half of what is expected. This is one of the first studies to estimate the public health impact of air pollution from franchised buses in Hong Kong. The city can therefore consider conducting accelerated replacement of its franchised bus fleet. Given the strongly positive result, other Asian cities with ageing bus fleets could also conduct similar benefit-cost analyses.

Hospitals: N.Y. Appellate Court Denies Move to Privatize Public Hospital

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Robert Chatham
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Municipal Hospital ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Benefit Corporation ◽  
The City

The Court of Appeals of New York held, in Council of the City of New York u. Giuliani, slip op. 02634, 1999 WL 179257 (N.Y. Mar. 30, 1999), that New York City may not privatize a public city hospital without state statutory authorization. The court found invalid a sublease of a municipal hospital operated by a public benefit corporation to a private, for-profit entity. The court reasoned that the controlling statute prescribed the operation of a municipal hospital as a government function that must be fulfilled by the public benefit corporation as long as it exists, and nothing short of legislative action could put an end to the corporation's existence.In 1969, the New York State legislature enacted the Health and Hospitals Corporation Act (HHCA), establishing the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) as an attempt to improve the New York City public health system. Thirty years later, on a renewed perception that the public health system was once again lacking, the city administration approved a sublease of Coney Island Hospital from HHC to PHS New York, Inc. (PHS), a private, for-profit entity.

Perancangan Boneka Edukasi Terinspirasi oleh Pencipta Boneka Si Unyil

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhari Amri
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Simple Materials

Film Unyil puppet comes not just part of the entertainment world that can be enjoyed by people from the side of the story, music, and dialogue. However, there is more value in it which is a manifestation of the creator that can be absorbed into the charge for the benefit of educating the children of Indonesia to the public at large. The Unyil puppet created by the father of Drs. Suyadi is one of the works that are now widely known by the whole people of Indonesia. The process of creating a puppet Unyil done with simple materials and formation of character especially adapted to the realities of the existing rural region. Through this process, this research leads to the design process is fundamentally educational puppet inspired by the creation of Si Unyil puppet. The difference is the inspiring character created in this study is on the characters that exist in urban life, especially the city of Jakarta. Thus the results of this study are the pattern of how to shape the design of products through the creation of the puppet with the approach of urban culture.

Pengurangan Kadar Minyak Pada Abon Ikan Produksi Savitri Dan Tiaras Dengan Penerapan Alat Peniris Serbaguna Di Kota Kupang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Muntasir Muntasir ◽  
Pius Weraman
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Filter Model ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Design And Manufacture

Community Partnership Program in small home industry of making fish floss brand "Savitri" and "Tiaras" inKupang city in the form of application of electric centrifugation filter model has been implemented. One of the problemsin the production of Savitri and Tiaras fish floss is that there is still a lot of oil in the frying product which is only drainedon a simple sieve and then placed for some time on traditional tools of filter and paper that can cause low quality and lowquality, so it is necessary to reduce the oil yield frying fish floss product. In order to increase the added value and sellingvalue of the products, it is necessary synergy between Universities and Partners in the form of application of the results ofscience and technology to the public. The main components of the composer of the versatile filter are the cylindrical plateas the bucket of the filter, the cylinder filter, the electric dynamo as the centrifuge system rotator and the load-bearingconstruction. The method of this program is the provision of materials, design and manufacture of tools, demonstrationtools and the provision of a versatile filter cylinder system centrifuge model by the team, simulation tools, specialcounseling at the location of partners and suggestions as a follow-up in the endurance of production. The output of thisprogram can provide added value in the form of the use of this tool can improve labor efficiency, increase productivitypartners by producing 40 kg to 50 kg raw material, raw fish marlin, fish meat after cleaning, processed, fried, in andpacked into 80-100 packs of fish floss with the price of Rp. 40,000.00 per package weighing 250 grams. With estimatedpartners will earn a profit of Rp 3,200,000 - 4,000,000.00 per production or 12,800,000.00 - 16,000,000.00 per month incash and consumptions, as well as the abundance of non-greasy, clean and hybrid fish products

Towards a Customized¬ Awareness Campaign to Educate the Public about COVID-19: Development and Validation of a Messaging Campaign to Promote Precautionary Behavior Using Geospatial Intelligence in Saudi Arabia (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayda Alrige ◽  
Hind Bitar Bitar ◽  
Maram Meccawi ◽  
Balakrishnan Mullachery
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Awareness Campaign ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technique ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Local Map ◽  
The City ◽  
Intelligence Technique

BACKGROUND Designing a health promotion campaign is never an easy task, especially during a pandemic of a highly infectious disease, such as Covid-19. In Saudi Arabia, many attempts have been made toward raising the public awareness about Covid-19 infection-level and its precautionary health measures that have to be taken. Although this is useful, most of the health information delivered through the national dashboard and the awareness campaign are very generic and not necessarily make the impact we like to see on individuals’ behavior. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to build and validate a customized awareness campaign to promote precautionary health behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The customization is realized by utilizing a geospatial artificial intelligence technique called Space-Time Cube (STC) technique. METHODS This research has been conducted in two sequential phases. In the first phase, an initial library of thirty-two messages was developed and validated to promote precautionary messages during the COVID-19 pandemic. This phase was guided by the Fogg Behavior Model (FBM) for behavior change. In phase 2, we applied STC as a Geospatial Artificial Intelligence technique to create a local map for one city representing three different profiles for the city districts. The model was built using COVID-19 clinical data. RESULTS Thirty-two messages were developed based on resources from the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia. The enumerated content validity of the messages was established through the utilization of Content Validity Index (CVI). Thirty-two messages were found to have acceptable content validity (I-CVI=.87). The geospatial intelligence technique that we used showed three profiles for the districts of Jeddah city: one for high infection, another for moderate infection, and the third for low infection. Combining the results from the first and second phases, a customized awareness campaign was created. This awareness campaign would be used to educate the public regarding the precautionary health behaviors that should be taken, and hence help in reducing the number of positive cases in the city of Jeddah. CONCLUSIONS This research delineates the two main phases to developing a health awareness messaging campaign. The messaging campaign, grounded in FBM, was customized by utilizing Geospatial Artificial Intelligence to create a local map with three district profiles: high-infection, moderate-infection, and low-infection. Locals of each district will be targeted by the campaign based on the level of infection in their district as well as other shared characteristics. Customizing health messages is very prominent in health communication research. This research provides a legitimate approach to customize health messages during the pandemic of COVID-19.

The Search for Order in Municipal Administration: Herman A. Metz and the New York City Experience, 1898–1909

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Ryan P. McDonough ◽  
Paul J. Miranti ◽  
Michael P. Schoderbek
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
York City ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
The Public ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT This paper examines the administrative and accounting reforms coordinated by Herman A. Metz around the turn of the 20th century in New York City. Reform efforts were motivated by deficiencies in administering New York City's finances, including a lack of internal control over monetary resources and operational activities, and opaque financial reports. The activities of Comptroller Metz, who collaborated with institutions such as the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, were paramount in initiating and implementing the administrative and accounting reforms in the city, which contributed to reform efforts across the country. Metz promoted the adoption of functional cost classifications for city departments, developed flowcharts for improved transaction processing, strengthened internal controls, and published the 1909 Manual of Accounting and Business Procedure of the City of New York, which laid the groundwork for transparent financial reports capable of providing vital information about the city's activities and subsidiary units. JEL Classifications: H72, M41, N91. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

Religious Markets, Capital Markets, and Church Finances in Industrializing America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
Church Finances ◽  
The City

A number of scholars in recent years have turned to market models to describe religion in nineteenth-century America, arguing that competition among churches largely accounts for the nation’s relative religious vitality. However, a detailed examination of one religious ‘marketplace’—the city of Lowell, Massachusetts—demonstrates the limits of such interpretations. First, such scholars fail to capture the ways that Protestant churches functioned as an interdenominational de facto establishment, co-operating in the shared project of promoting the public good and defending moral norms. Also, to the extent that churches did compete, they competed for money, as much as for adherents. In doing so, they appropriated new methods accompanying the expansion of capitalism, competing for funds in nascent capital markets. Thus, churches appealed to individuals not primarily as consumers of religious goods, but as potential investors in religious institutions, and presented churches as both safe and profitable investments and bulwarks of social stability.

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