scholarly journals Glycemic profile, inflammatory markers, biochemical and histopathological parameters of mice fed with fermented dairy beverage with clove essential oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e22110413826
Author(s):  
Keicy Sandy Silvestre de Souza ◽  
Anna Christina de Almeida ◽  
Stephanie Pedrosa de Oliveira ◽  
Igor Viana Brandi ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Clove Essential Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Previous studies have shown that the clove essential oil concentration of 200 mg/kg did not present toxicity and histopathological changes in the liver. Based on the evidence presented in this  study, we decided to evaluate in vivo the ability of a previously developed fermented dairy beverage, tested only in vitro, in which the standard chemical preservative, potassium sorbate, was replaced by clove essential oil (2 μl/ml), to be a functional food. To this end, twenty-four male Swiss mice were divided into three groups and submitted insulin sensitivity (IST) and glucose tolerance (GTT) testing, evaluation of physiological and biochemical parameters, histopathological analysis and quantification of the expression of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver, after administering daily of the fermented dairy beverage with or without clove essential oil by gavage during 30 days. The group that received the fermented dairy beverage with clove essential oil showed a lower glycemic level in GTT, a higher sensitivity to insulin and a higher glucose decay constant rate (Kitt), with relation to the other groups. In the evaluation of physiological parameters there were no signs of toxicity in the mice during the experimental period. The biochemical parameters, histopathological analysis and expression of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and pro-inflammatory (IL1β, IL6 e TNFα) cytokines in the liver of the mice, was not significantly affected by the treatment. These results corroborated by bioinformatics analysis demonstrate that the fermented dairy beverage with clove essential oil it can function as a substitute for conventional chemical preservatives and reduce glycemic levels.

scholarly journals Fermented dairy beverage added with clove essential oil modulates oxygen reactive species (ROS) levels: an in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e22510413986
Author(s):  
Stephanie Pedrosa de Oliveira ◽  
Anna Christina de Almeida ◽  
Keicy Sandy Silvestre de Souza ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos ◽  
Eliane Macedo Sobrinho Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Clove Essential Oil ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Fermented Dairy

This study aimed at investigating the effect of fermented dairy beverage with clove essential oil (CEO) on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through endogenous enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). For this, bioinformatic analysis was performed using the Genecards and String platforms. Headspace was used to analyze and confirm the compounds at low concentrations. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH free radical sequestration method. For analysis of antioxidant activity, twenty-four male Swiss mice were divided into three groups and submitted histopathological analysis, analysis of CAT, SOD,GPx transcripts, and CAT and SOD enzyme activity in visceral adipose tissue were evaluated.The leader genes found were PIK3CD, PIK3CB, AKT1, and PIK3CA, as they had the highest WNL values. The beverage containing CEO showed higher antioxidant activity, with free radical scavenging capacity above 80%. In the in vivo analyses, it was possible to verify a reduction in the average adipocyte area size (μm2) between the groups that received fermented dairy beverage. Although functional studies have shown that the antioxidant enzymes, CAT and SOD, showed similar concentrations in visceral adipose tissue of the three groups, the expression levels of GPx1, CAT, and SOD were higher in group 2. Surprisingly, the group 3, that received the fermented dairy beverage with CEO had the lowest SOD concentration (p <0.05). Therefore, the antioxidant mechanism of the CEO can be mediated by the activation of the cell survival pathway PI3K/Akt and modulation of SOD1 and CAT enzymes by means of ROS reduction.

The anti-inflammatory potential of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl essential oil in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 113516
Author(s):  
Shanshan Xiao ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Yunfei Xie ◽  
Yahui Guo ◽  
Jiajia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antiosteoarthritis Effects ofSaposhnikovia divaricata ethanolExtract:In VitroandIn VivoStudies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Mi Chun ◽  
Hyo Seon Kim ◽  
A Yeong Lee ◽  
Seung-Hyung Kim ◽  
Ho Kyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Saposhnikovia Divaricata

Saposhnikovia divaricataSchischkin has been used in traditional medicine to treat pain, inflammation, and arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antiosteoarthritis activities ofSaposhnikovia divaricataextract (SDE). The anti-inflammatory effect of SDE was evaluatedin vitroin lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW 264.7 cells. The antiosteoarthritic effect of SDE was investigated in anin vivorat model of monosodium iodoacetate- (MIA-) induced osteoarthritis (OA) in which rats were treated orally with SDE (200 mg/kg) for 28 days. The effects of SDE were assessedin vivoby histopathological analysis and by measuring weight-bearing distribution, cytokine serum levels, and joint tissue inflammation-related gene expression. SDE showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, SDE promoted recovery of hind limb weight-bearing, inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, and protected cartilage and subchondral bone tissue in the OA rat model. Therefore, SDE is a potential therapeutic agent for OA and/or associated symptoms.

scholarly journals Alternative control of post-harvest diseases in Tainung 1 papaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Mirne de Macêdo Dantas ◽  
Selma Rogéria de Carvalho Nascimento ◽  
Beatriz Letícia Silva da Cruz ◽  
Fernando Henrique Alves da Silva ◽  
Márcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Vitro Experiment ◽  
In Vitro Experiment ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

ABSTRACT Controlling post-harvest papaya diseases without using agrochemicals is a challenge for producers. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of clove essential oil, biological fungicide (Trichodermil®), resistance inducer (Cob Sistem®) and chemical fungicide (Imazacure®) on the in vitro control of phytopathogenic fungi isolates from papaya as well as on the post-harvest quality of Tainung 1 papaya. The in vitro experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design, with five fungal species x five treatments and five replications. The in vivo experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design, with five treatments x five storage times, five replications and three fruits per replication. The fruits were stored under refrigeration at 10 ± 2 ºC and 90 ± 5 % of relative humidity and evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage, plus two shelf life days at 25 ± 2 ºC, to simulate marketing conditions. The inhibition of mycelial growth was evaluated in the in vitro experiment, while the diseases occurrence and post-harvest quality of the fruits were evaluated in the in vivo experiment. The clove essential oil and Trichodermil® were as efficient as Imazacure® in inhibiting the mycelial growth of Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus sp. The treatments with clove essential oil, Trichodermil® and Imazacure® were similar in controlling the pathogens up to 21 days of storage. The treatments had no effect on the fruits soluble solid contents.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory Effects and Safety of Extracts and Essential Oil from Clinopodium gilliesii (muña muña)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Reynoso ◽  
María E. Balderrama Coca ◽  
Ivana Y. Brodkiewicz, ◽  
Gloria Jaime, ◽  
Marina Perotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The chemical machinery of vegetables offers a great diversity of biological properties and plays a fundamental role in the field of pharmacology. The search for new drugs with fewer adverse effects represents a challenge for researchers. The objective of the present work was to carry out to investigate the medicinal properties and safety of extracts and essential oil from aerial parts of Clinopodium gilliesii (muña muña) and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. The extractions were carried out serially, using 96º alcohol (EE) and boiled distilled water (AE). The essential oil (EO) was obtained by steam dragging. The AE in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was determined by carrageenan induced plantar edema (acute inflammation) and granuloma formation by cotton disc (chronic inflammation) at oral doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg while that of the EO was established topically at doses of 50, 100μl/kg. In-vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH depuration and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (β-carotene-linoleic acid method). Chemical study of the extracts was carried out by means of phytochemical screening and the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS chromatography. The safety was evaluated with test of acute toxicity (48 h) and acute dermal toxicity (14 days). The results revealed that EE and EO had a significant acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity, compared with positive patterns. EE (500 mg/kg), EO (100μl/kg), ibuprofen (100 mg/kg) and meprednisone (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the weight of the exudate and cotton disc granuloma (24.17, 35.30, 45.56 and 57.17% respectively). The alcoholic and aqueous extracts presented important antioxidant activities with values higher than 90% (from 400μg/ml) in both methods and similar to the positive patterns (BHT and quercetin). The chromatographic profile of volatile oil compounds showed a great richness in terpene substances, pulegone, menthone and neomenthol, being its major constituents. The hydroalcoholic extracts revealed the presence of reducing compounds, polysaccharides, tannins, triterpenes, sterols and coumarins as major phytoconstituents. In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 4000 and 8000 mg/kg b.w., produced no mortality and no clinical signs of disease were observed after 48 h. The essential oil at a single dose of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight did not produce treatment-related signs of toxicity or mortality in all rats tested during the 14 day observation period. These findings are encouraging to continue studies for the validation of popular use and development of a phytopharmaceutical with medicinal utility.

scholarly journals Control of Some Phytopathogenic Fungi Using Clove Essential Oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tiago Silva Lima ◽  
Kevison Romulo da Silva França ◽  
Plinio Tércio Medeiros de Azevedo ◽  
Yaroslávia Ferreira Paiva ◽  
José Carlos Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Clove Essential Oil

Aims: This study evaluates the inhibitory potential of the clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) on phytopathogenic fungi in vitro and on maize seeds. Study Design: The experiments comprised completely randomized designs: Seven treatments with five replicates on in vitro test; and four treatments with five replicates each, on in vivo test. Place and Duration of Study: The work was carried out at the Center for Agrifood Science and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal, Brazil, from April to May 2018. Methodology: In the in vitro test, the essential oil was incorporated into the PDA (Potato-Dextrose-Agar) culture medium. The treatments comprised five concentrations of the oil (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%), a negative control (0.0%), and a positive control (Tiram). Plates were inoculated with the tested fungi, Fusarium verticillioides, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Macrophomina pseudophaseolina, then incubated for seven days at 27±2°C. The percentage of mycelial growth inhibition (PGI) and mycelial growth rate index (MGRI) were estimated. In the in vivo test, maize seeds (AG1051 hybrid) were treated with the essential oil on concentrations equal or superior to the minimum inhibitory concentration found in the in vitro test, besides the negative and positive controls. The artificial inoculation was carried out in fungi colonies for 32 hours and the seed sanity test was performed. The percentage of seeds infected by the fungus was evaluated after seven days. Results: In vitro conditions, clove oil totally inhibited the mycelial growth of F. verticillioides, M. phaseolina and M. pseudophaseolina at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.1%, respectively. At 0.2% concentration significantly reduced the incidence of colonies of fungi M. phaseolina and M. pseudophaseolina in hybrid corn seeds AG 1051. Conclusion: The clove essential oil had a fungitoxic effect on the phytopathogens evaluated, under in vitro and in the treatment of maize seeds.

scholarly journals Protocatechuic aldehyde from Salvia miltiorrhiza exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect through inhibiting MAPK signalling pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Qingyu Wang ◽  
Jinquan Wang ◽  
Baoyu Duan ◽  
Qihe Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Mapk Signalling Pathway ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Protocatechuic Aldehyde ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Background The aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which was considered to be the waste part and discarded during the root harvest, is rich in protocatechuic aldehyde (PAI). This study investigated the health-promoting effects of extracts and PAI from the aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza, including its anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo. Method Purification of the sample paste of Salvia miltiorrhiza was accomplished using HPLC analysis. TheMTT (Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay was employed to determine the cell viability. The production of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA assays. The histopathological analysis was used to analyse the lungs and livers of mice treated with PAI. Western blot was performed to reveal the mechanism of PAI in anti-inflammatory. Results The extracts and PAI from the aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza inhibited TNF-α, IL-6 production and promoted the production of IL-10 in vivo in mice and in vitro in the macrophage cell line RAW264.7. NF-κB and MAPKs kinase phosphorylation were also suppressed by PAI in vivo and in vitro, indicating that PAI exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusion These findings suggest that the aerial parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza extract may serve as potential protective agents for inflammatory.

Verbena officinalis (Common Vervain) – A Review on the Investigations of This Medicinally Important Plant Species

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (17) ◽  
pp. 1241-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Jakub Dominiak ◽  
Maria Luczkiewicz ◽  
Halina Ekiert
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Verbena officinalis (common vervain) is a medicinal plant species widely distributed in the world and commonly used in folk medicine of different countries, including traditional Chinese medicine. Monographs on “Verbenae herba” have been included in the European Pharmacopoeia since 2008, and in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1995. This work presents botanical characteristics of this species. It reviews the current knowledge of its chemical composition, which is a rich source mostly of iridoids, phenylpropanoid glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oil. A large part of this article summarizes traditional medicinal uses and professional pharmacological in vitro and in vivo studies that prove new important applications, e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective anticancer, analgesic, or anticonvulsant of verbena herb extracts and individual metabolites. Moreover, emphasis is put on the use of V. officinalis in the food and cosmetics industries, especially due to its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the presence of essential oil with an attractive fragrance composition. This paper also presents the state of biotechnological studies of this species.

Ocotea quixos Lam. essential oil: In vitro and in vivo investigation on its anti-inflammatory properties

Fitoterapia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vigilio Ballabeni ◽  
Massimiliano Tognolini ◽  
Carmine Giorgio ◽  
Simona Bertoni ◽  
Renato Bruni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Lotus corniculatus on Paracetamol-induced Hepatitis in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Nacera Baali ◽  
Abderahmane Mezrag ◽  
Mohamed Bouheroum ◽  
Fadila Benayache ◽  
Samir Benayache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Herbal medicines have been used in the treatment of liver diseases for a long time. The current study was elaborated to evaluate in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Lotus corniculatus (L. corniculatus) butanolic extract. Methods: The in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of L. corniculatus were investigated by employing DPPH radical scavenging, H2O2 scavenging and BSA denaturation assays. In vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of L. corniculatus were evaluated against paracetamol (APAP)-induced hepatitis in rats. L.corniculatus at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg was administered orally once daily for seven days. Serum transaminases (AST and ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total bilirubin levels, liver malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S- transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and inflammatory markers, such as serum Creactive protein (CRP), circulating and liver myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were investigated. Further histopathological analysis of the liver sections was performed to support the effectiveness of L. corniculatus. Results: L. corniculatus exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. In the in vivo study, our findings demonstrate that L. corniculatus (100 and 200 mg/kg) administration led to an amelioration of APAP effects on liver histology, liver functions parameters (AST, ALT, LDH, and total bilirubin levels) and liver oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, GST and SOD levels). Furthermore, serum CRP, circulating MPO and liver MPO levels were declined by both doses of L. corniculatus extract. The best benefits were observed with 200 mg/kg of L. corniculatus extract. Conclusion: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of L. corniculatus extract may be due to the presence of active components.

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