New technologies for rational use of resources as an imperative for the Russian agro-industrial complex economic growth.

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

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Emerging Industrial Revolution: Symbiosis of Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy: The Role of Universities

Science Technology and Society ◽

10.1177/0971721820912918 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 505-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Seeram Ramakrishna ◽

Alfred Ngowi ◽

Henk De Jager ◽

Bankole O. Awuzie

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Industry 4.0 ◽

Business Models ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

New Technologies ◽

Production Systems ◽

Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽

New Jobs

Growing consumerism and population worldwide raises concerns about society’s sustainability aspirations. This has led to calls for concerted efforts to shift from the linear economy to a circular economy (CE), which are gaining momentum globally. CE approaches lead to a zero-waste scenario of economic growth and sustainable development. These approaches are based on semi-scientific and empirical concepts with technologies enabling 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle) and 6Rs (reuse, recycle, redesign, remanufacture, reduce, recover). Studies estimate that the transition to a CE would save the world in excess of a trillion dollars annually while creating new jobs, business opportunities and economic growth. The emerging industrial revolution will enhance the symbiotic pursuit of new technologies and CE to transform extant production systems and business models for sustainability. This article examines the trends, availability and readiness of fourth industrial revolution (4IR or industry 4.0) technologies (for example, Internet of Things [IoT], artificial intelligence [AI] and nanotechnology) to support and promote CE transitions within the higher education institutional context. Furthermore, it elucidates the role of universities as living laboratories for experimenting the utility of industry 4.0 technologies in driving the shift towards CE futures. The article concludes that universities should play a pivotal role in engendering CE transitions.

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REPORTS OF THE TSHA ISSUE 293 (PART 3)

10.26897/978-5-9675-1835-5-2021-579 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

L. V. Verzunova ◽

Keyword(s):

Power Supply ◽

Energy Supply ◽

Crop Production ◽

New Technologies ◽

Service System ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Scientific Conference ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

Applied Mechanics ◽

Supply Systems

The collection includes articles based on the reports of scientists of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, other universities and research institutions at the International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 155th anniversary of the K. A. Timiryazev RGAU-MSHA, which was held on December 2-4, 2020. The materials are presented on topical issues: the use of new technologies and equipment in power supply systems of enterprises; innovations in heat engineering, hydraulics and energy supply of enterprises and in transport and technological machines and complexes; automotive equipment, improving the efficiency of the use of technological and transport systems; innovative technologies in crop production;applied mechanics; innovative directions for the development of the technical service system in the agro-industrial complex; quality management and metrological support in the production and technological systems of the agro-industrial complex.

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Hospital-based health technology assessment in Brazil: current experiences and challenges

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462321000581 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Patricia Coelho de Soárez ◽

Vera Lúcia Edais Pepe ◽

Hillegonda Maria Dutilh Novaes

Keyword(s):

Health Technology Assessment ◽

Technology Assessment ◽

New Technologies ◽

Regulatory System ◽

Health Technology ◽

Regulation System ◽

Hospital Policy ◽

National Network ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Use Of Resources

Abstract In Brazil, there is no consensus on the concept of hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA). There is great variability in the existing models and difficulty in evaluating their results—whether in respect of clinical decisions, quality of care, and hospital policy and management or in respect of optimizing the use of resources. This study aims to discuss the experiences of HB-HTA, its integration into the regulatory system for the adoption of new technologies into the Brazilian public (SUS) (Unified Health System), and its main challenges. During a workshop, a panel of specialists in HTA and/or HB-HTA was formed, representative of four different perspectives: (i) Health services and health technology assessment units, (ii) Academia, (iii) Secretary of State for Health, and (iv) the Federal SUS sector. This was followed by discussion, a preliminary consensus, contributions from the audience, a plenary session, and a final consensus. HB-HTA is not institutionalized, nor is it part of the regulation system for the adoption of new technologies in the SUS. The main challenges are the difficulties in creating qualified teams, financial support, and sustainability. The work of these bodies in respect of the evaluation of new technologies deserves further studies analyzing the relationship between the pressure for adoption from the hospital team and industry professionals and legal rulings. It is necessary to strengthen HB-HTA culture and implement this policy in hospital management, making assessment bodies a part of managerial and decision-making processes in hospitals, and develop regional collaborative networks and a national network of HTA.

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Developing an economy based on knowledge and innovation in the context of the middle income trap

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.8269 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (10) ◽

pp. 56-74

Author(s):

Paweł Wieczorek

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

New Technologies ◽

Current Model ◽

Growth Theory ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Average Income ◽

Middle Income ◽

Endogenous Growth Theory ◽

Middle Income Trap

The article is a contribution to the discussion on the necessity to change the current model of economic growth of Poland for model of economy based on knowledge and innovation. In this way, our country will be able to overcome the threats that might push the economy into the trap of the average income, expressed in long-term slowdown in GDP growth. The endogenous growth theory, formed after 1989 and characterized by duplication of Western technology, enabled relatively rapid growth by over 20 years. Currently, Poland to ensure an economic growth is facing the need for innovative technologies and innovation. Risks associated with middle income trap are very real because of the disappearance of comparative advantage, which results from relatively low labor costs. The creation in Poland conditions to accelerate economic growth requires action to increase the propensity of entrepreneurs to reach for new technologies and innovation and attractive market offer from the national centers for research and development.

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Ways of intensification of economic growth and activation of investment activities in order to ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128407015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 284 ◽

pp. 07015

Author(s):

Lyudmila Kopteva ◽

Irina Romanova ◽

Angela Mottaeva

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Economic Development ◽

Russian Federation ◽

National Economy ◽

New Technologies ◽

Economic Security ◽

National Accounts ◽

Investment Activity ◽

System Of National Accounts ◽

The Russian Federation

Macroeconomic dynamics is in the focus of attention of the scientific community due to the fact that it characterizes the key trends in the development of the national economy. The basic indicator in the system of national accounts is the gross domestic product (GDP), which in general form is the aggregate value of all goods and services produced within the national economy. GDP is widely used in the analysis of economic growth trends. Economic growth, creating conditions for it – the most important goal of economic development, both within the framework of ensuring the economic security of the entire national economy and at the level of an individual enterprise. Nowadays, economic development is characterized by an accelerated rate of scientific and technological progress: new technologies and approaches are being created that have higher efficiency. From a microeconomic point of view, the main factors of production are labor, capital and information. Fixed capital investments (buildings, structures, machinery and equipment) are a key instrument for renewing fixed assets. Investment activity is the process of renewing the capital of an enterprise as a result of modernizing its technical and technological base, which ensures its economic security. Investments, along with government spending, are key drivers of economic growth. As a result, we can confidently assert the high importance of investment activities, both throughout the country and at the level of individual economic entities, as well as their economic independence. The paper shows the ways to intensify economic growth and intensify investment activities in order to ensure the economic security of the Russian Federation.

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