scholarly journals Beyond the Basics of Emotions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Paul Bloomfield
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Objective Value ◽  
Normative Aspect

While emotions can play positive, contributory roles in our cognition and our lives, they frequently have the opposite effect. Michael Brady’s otherwise excellent introduction to the topic of emotion is unbalanced because he does not attend to harms emotions cause. The basic problem is that emotions have a normative aspect: they can be justified or unjustified and Brady does not attend to this. An example of this is Brady’s discussion of curiosity as the emotional motivation for knowledge. More importantly, while emotions can and sometimes do reveal to us what we value, it is far less frequent that emotions reveal objective value.

scholarly journals Emotions Under Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Alycia LaGuardia-LoBianco
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Objective Value ◽  
Normative Aspect

While emotions can play positive, contributory roles in our cognition and our lives, they frequently have the opposite effect. Michael Brady’s otherwise excellent introduction to the topic of emotion is unbalanced because he does not attend to harms emotions cause. The basic problem is that emotions have a normative aspect: they can be justified or unjustified and Brady does not attend to this. An example of this is Brady’s discussion of curiosity as the emotional motivation for knowledge. More importantly, while emotions can and sometimes do reveal to us what we value, it is far less frequent that emotions reveal objective value.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

I Like Her, Because I Like Myself: Self-Evaluation as a Source of Interpersonal Attitudes

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Walther ◽  
Claudia Trasselli
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Learning Phase ◽  
The Self ◽  
Attitude Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
False Feedback ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Two experiments tested the hypothesis that self-evaluation can serve as a source of interpersonal attitudes. In the first study, self-evaluation was manipulated by means of false feedback. A subsequent learning phase demonstrated that the co-occurrence of the self with another individual influenced the evaluation of this previously neutral target. Whereas evaluative self-target similarity increased under conditions of negative self-evaluation, an opposite effect emerged in the positive self-evaluation group. A second study replicated these findings and showed that the difference between positive and negative self-evaluation conditions disappeared when a load manipulation was applied. The implications of self-evaluation for attitude formation processes are discussed.

Cluster Analysis of Antigenic Profiles of Tumors: Selection of Number of Clusters Using Akaike’s Information Criterion

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Koziol
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Akaike's Information Criterion ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Akaike’S Information Criterion ◽  
Multinomial Data ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractA basic problem of cluster analysis is the determination or selection of the number of clusters evinced in any set of data. We address this issue with multinomial data using Akaike’s information criterion and demonstrate its utility in identifying an appropriate number of clusters of tumor types with similar profiles of cell surface antigens.

A Polanyian Rescue of The Abolition of Man

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Jon Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Objective Value ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
Good And Evil

The Abolition of Man, though short in length and casual in tone, is among the most important books of the twentieth century. The reason it possesses such significance is that it reveals through penetrating analysis the contemporary sceptical assault on the very possibility of rational morality and, indeed, on the very meaning of human life. In meeting and overcoming this assault, Lewis embraces the concept of objective value. But this concept is itself under attack in modernity, most notably in Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil. There is, however, an effective response to this withering onslaught. It is found in Michael Polanyi's ‘fiduciary’ philosophy. This study shows how Polanyi's account of justification inoculates Lewis' objective value against Nietzsche's virulent attack, thereby preserving the defence of meaning and morality that constitutes the essential contribution of The Abolition of Man.

Going Off Script: Effects of Awe on Memory for Script-Typical and –Irrelevant Narrative Detail

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Francois Danvers ◽  
Michelle N. Shiota
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
American Psychological Association ◽  
American Psychological ◽  
Final Article ◽  
True False ◽  
Internal Knowledge

People often filter their experience of new events through knowledge they already have, e.g., encoding new events by relying on prototypical event “scripts” at the expense of actual details. Previous research suggests that positive affect often increases this tendency. Three studies assessed whether awe—an emotion elicited by perceived vastness, and thought to promote cognitive accommodation—has the opposite effect, reducing rather than increasing reliance on event scripts. True/false questions on details of a short story about a romantic dinner were used to determine whether awe (1) reduces the tendency to impute script-consistent but false details into memory, and/or (2) promotes memory of unexpected details. Across studies we consistently found support for the first effect; evidence for the second was less consistent. Effects were partially mediated by subjective awe, and independent of other aspects of subjective affect. Results suggest that awe reduces reliance on internal knowledge in processing new events.©American Psychological Association, 2017. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission. The final article is available, upon publication, at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/emo0000277

Photochemical decomposition of t-butyl hydroperoxide; Photocatalytical effects of VO(II) and Co(III) 2,4-pentanedionates

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Luňák ◽  
Aleksandr I. Kokorin ◽  
Eva Mácová ◽  
Pavel Lederer
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Radical Intermediate ◽  
Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
Free Radical Intermediate ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Photochemical Decomposition ◽  
Epr Signal

It has been found that [VO(acac)2] and [Co(acac)3] increase the rate of t-BuOOH photolysis, whereas [Fe(acac)3] has the opposite effect. Redox changes of the catalytically active [VO(acac)2] were followed using the EPR technique. An EPR signal from a free radical intermediate of photochemical decomposition of t-BuOOH was recorded, and the concentration of the intermediate was monitored during the reaction.

scholarly journals Ras1-Mediated Modulation of Drosophila Homeotic Function in Cell and Segment Identity

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Boube ◽  
Corinne Benassayag ◽  
Laurent Seroude ◽  
David L Cribbs
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
General Role ◽  
Sex Combs Reduced ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Sex Combs ◽  
Segmental Differentiation

Mutations of the Drosophila homeotic proboscipedia gene (pb; the Hox-A2/B2 homologue) provoke dose-sensitive defects. These were used to search for dose-sensitive dominant modifiers of pb function. Two identified interacting genes were the proto-oncogene Ras1 and its functional antagonist Gap1, prominent intermediaries in known signal transduction pathways. Ras1+ is a positive modifier of pb activity both in normal and ectopic cell contexts, while the Ras1-antagonist Gap1 has an opposite effect. A general role for Ras1 in homeotic function is likely, since Ras1+ activity also modulates functions of the homeotic loci Sex combs reduced and Ultrabithorax. Our data suggest that the modulation occurs by a mechanism independent of transcriptional control of the homeotic loci themselves, or of the Ras1/Gap1 genes. Taken together our data support a role for Ras1-mediated cell signaling in the homeotic control of segmental differentiation.

Amacrine and ganglion cell contributions to the electroretinogram in amphibian retina

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
GAUTAM AWATRAMANI ◽  
JUE WANG ◽  
MALCOLM M. SLAUGHTER
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Tiger Salamander ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Light Responses

The neuronal generators of the b- and d-waves of the electroretinogram (ERG) were investigated in the tiger salamander retina to determine if amacrine and ganglion cells contribute to this field potential. Several agents were used that affect third-order neurons, such as tetrodotoxin, baclofen, and NMDA agonists and antagonists. Baclofen, an agent that enhances light responses in third-order neurons, increased the d-wave and reduced the b-wave. In contrast, agents that decrease light responses in third-order neurons had the opposite effect of enhancing the b-wave and depressing the d-wave. The effect on the d-wave was particularly pronounced. The results indicate that third-order neuronal activity influences b- and d-waves of the ERG. The opposing actions suggest that the b-wave to d-wave ratio might serve as an measure of ganglion cell function.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document