scholarly journals Risk Perception Evaluation of Hazardous Occupational Workers in a Steel Company of Khuzestan Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Ali Alboghobeish ◽  
Ehsan Heidari Farsani ◽  
Mehrdad Jaberi ◽  
Syd Amin Jazayeri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Occupational Risks

Behavior, practice and how to carry out safe tasks by workers and industrial personnel who exposure to injuries and incidents, Depending on their understanding of the real risks in the workplace. The empirical definition of risk is expressed by calculating the probability of an incident and the magnitude of the consequences of an incident. Employee perceptions of occupational risks have a significant impact on their safety behavior in the workplace. Therefore, research on risk perception is an issue that has attracted many researchers' attention. This descriptive-analytical study was carried out in the winter of 2017 on workers of 10 technical workshops of one of the steel companies of Khuzestan province. Risk perception of workers was assessed using risk perception questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha 0.73. One-way ANOVA, One Sample T-Test and Post Hoc test were used to analyze the data. All perceived risk scores for people were at acceptable levels. The category of individuals in the marital status had the highest score and the experience of the people was the lowest score. Among demographics specification, only education is associated with an average risk perception score. The present study shows that none of the individuals' personal characteristics have a direct and positive impact on risk perception. In order to increase the level of risk perception of workers, planning and developing continuous training programs should be used.  

“Carne Fraca”

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 722-735
Author(s):  
Filipe Quevedo-Silva ◽  
Otavio Freire ◽  
Caroline Pauletto Spanhol-Finocchio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Over the last few years, several events have reduced the consumer confidence in relation to food safety. Recently, one event that triggered discussions and concern among consumers in Brazil was the “Carne Fraca” operation which cast doubt on the quality and safety of Brazilian beef. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of the news regarding a national crisis in beef production on consumers’ assessment and purchase intention of beef. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative study was conducted involving 417 respondents in Brazil. The procedure for the analysis consisted of the investigation of two models, incorporating mediation and moderation effects. Findings The results show that news on the crisis had a positive impact on risk perception. This impact was negatively moderated by consumer scepticism. Risk perception had a negative effect on the assessment of beef and purchase intention. These effects were negatively affected by risk attitude. The news directly affected consumers’ assessment of beef and indirectly affected purchase intention through mediation of perceived risk. Originality/value This study proposes two models, analysing the effect of the media on consumers’ assessment of beef and purchase intention, mediated by risk perception. Furthermore, the models analyse the moderating effects of scepticism and consumers’ risk attitude.

scholarly journals Participant acceptability of exercise in kidney disease (PACE-KD): a feasibility study protocol in renal transplant recipients

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e017494
Author(s):  
Nicolette C Bishop ◽  
Roseanne Billany ◽  
Alice C Smith
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Continuous Training

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). General population risk scores for CVD underestimate the risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suggesting additional non-traditional factors. Renal transplant recipients also exhibit elevated inflammation and impaired immune function. Exercise has a positive impact on these factors in patients with CKD but there is a lack of rigorous research in RTRs, particularly surrounding the feasibility and acceptability of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in this population. This study aims to explore the feasibility of three different supervised aerobic exercise programmes in RTRs to guide the design of future large-scale efficacy studies.Methods and analysisRenal transplant recipients will be randomised to HIIT A (16 min interval training with 4, 2 and 1 min intervals at 80%–90% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak)), HIIT B (4×4 min interval training at 80%–90% VO2peak) or MICT (~40 min cycling at 50%–60% VO2peak) where they will undertake 24 supervised sessions (approximately thrice weekly over 8 weeks). Assessment visits will be at baseline, midtraining, immediate post-training and 3 months post-training. The study will evaluate the feasibility of recruitment, randomisation, retention, assessment procedures and the implementation of the interventions. A further qualitative sub-study QPACE-KD (Qualitative Participant Acceptability of Exercise in Kidney Disease) will explore patient experiences and perspectives through semistructured interviews and focus groups.Ethics and disseminationAll required ethical and regulatory approvals have been obtained. Findings will be disseminated through conference presentations, public platforms and academic publications.Trial registration numberProspectively registered;ISRCTN17122775.

Risk Perception and Product Safety in User-Centered Design

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhi Cai ◽  
Erin N. Seligsohn ◽  
Zhinan Zhang ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Warning Label ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
User Centered

Abstract When customers decide which product to buy, the perceived risks associated with the purchase are typically part of consideration. The customer’s purchase decision is directly related to the perceived risk about finance, safety, reputation, or others. It is important to incorporate the customer’s perception of risks in user-centered product design. Existing research of risk perception in product development focuses on the warning label design to ensure that consumers are aware of product safety and potential hazards. There is limited work on how to design the product itself with the consideration of risk factors. In this research, the effects of risk perception from consumers on design are studied. The results show that the perceived product safety by customers can be independent from objective measurements of risks. The perceptions are influenced by individual experiences, information obtained from government regulations and standards, as well as personal characteristics. Design variables related to the levels of comfort, aesthetics, and performance for automobile could affect the customers’ perception about vehicle safety.

scholarly journals DETERMINING THE DIFFERENCES IN TOURIST’S RISK PERCEPTION AND TRAVEL INTENTION DURING COVID-19 HEALTH CRISIS: CASE STUDY OF SERBIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Dramićanin ◽  
◽  
Goran Perić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Linear Combination ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Travel Abroad ◽  
Perception Of Health

The research purpose is determination of the differences in Serbian tourist’s perceived risk, during the COVID-19 health crisis, according to travel intention and destination of travel. In order to accomplish an analysis of differences between risks (travel risk, destination risk, health risk, financial risk), risk scores were calculated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Testing the differences in relation to the travel intention and destination of travel during the COVID-19 pandemic according to risk perception was conducted through one-way MANOVA, where two models were applied. The outcome of the first model shows: significant impact of travel intention on a linear combination of risk factors. Also, taking into account all four risk factors, there are significant differences between those who intend to travel during a pandemic and those without that intention. In the second model, the findings indicate significant impact of the travel destination on a linear combination of risk factors, and significant differences between those respondents who intend to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic in the country and those respondents who intend to travel abroad according towards the perception of health risk, destination risk, and travel risk.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Self-Perceived Risk Perception of Breast Cancer Development in Iranian Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki ◽  
Maryam Nikpour
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
The Self ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
Subjective Risk

Abstract Backgrand: The accuracy of subjective risk perception is a matter of concern in breast cancer development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of self-perceived risk assessment compared to actual risk. Methods: The demographic, clinical, and reproductive characteristics of 800 women aged 35-85 years were collected with an in-person interview. The self-perceived risk was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the actual risk was calculated from the Gail model. Gail’s cutoff of 1.66% risk was used to categorize the estimated 5-year actual risk as low/average risk (<1.66%) and high risk (≥1.66). In low/average risk, if the self-perceived risk> actual risk, then individuals were categorized as overestimating. Similarly, in high-risk women, if the perceived risk<actual risk, then, the subjects were labeled as under-estimate; otherwise, it was labeled as accurate. The Kappa statistics were used to determine the agreement between self-perceived risk and actual risk. ROC analysis was applied to determine the accuracy of self-perceived risk in the prediction of actual risk. Results: The perceived risk was significantly higher than actual risk (p=0.001, 0.01 for 5-year and lifetime risk respectively). Both in low and high-risk groups about half of the women over-estimate and underestimate the risk by subjective risk perception. For a 5-year risk assessment, there was no agreement at all between perceived risk and actual risk (Kappa=0.00, p=0.98) but a very low agreement between them in lifetime risk assessment (Kappa=0.09, p=0.005). The performance of accuracy of risk perception versus actual risk was very low (AUC=0.53, 95%CI: 0.44-0.61 and AUC=0.58, 95%CI: 0.54-0.62 for the 5- year risk and lifetime risk respectively). Conclusion: The clinical performance of risk perception based on VAS is very poor. Thus, the efforts of the public health education program should focus on the correct perception of breast cancer risk among Iranian women.

scholarly journals Accuracy of self-perceived risk perception of breast cancer development in Iranian women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki ◽  
Maryam Nikpour
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
The Self ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Actual Risk ◽  
Subjective Risk

Abstract Backgrand: The accuracy of subjective risk perception is a matter of concern in breast cancer development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of self-perceived risk assessment compared to actual risk. Methods: The demographic, clinical, and reproductive characteristics of 800 women aged 35-85 years were collected with an in-person interview. The self-perceived risk was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the actual risk was calculated from the Gail model. Gail’s cutoff of 1.66% risk was used to categorize the estimated 5-year actual risk as low/average risk (<1.66%) and high risk (≥1.66). In low/average risk, if the self-perceived risk> actual risk, then individuals were categorized as overestimating. Similarly, in high-risk women, if the perceived risk<actual risk, then, the subjects were labeled as under-estimate; otherwise, it was labeled as accurate. The Kappa statistics were used to determine the agreement between self-perceived risk and actual risk. ROC analysis was applied to determine the accuracy of self-perceived risk in the prediction of actual risk. Results: The perceived risk was significantly higher than actual risk (p=0.001, 0.01 for 5-year and lifetime risk respectively). Both in low and high-risk groups about half of the women over-estimate and underestimate the risk by subjective risk perception. For a 5-year risk assessment, there was no agreement at all between perceived risk and actual risk (Kappa=0.00, p=0.98) but a very low agreement between them in lifetime risk assessment (Kappa=0.09, p=0.005). The performance of accuracy of risk perception versus actual risk was very low (AUC=0.53, 95%CI: 0.44-0.61 and AUC=0.58, 95%CI: 0.54-0.62 for the 5- year risk and lifetime risk respectively). Conclusion: The clinical performance of risk perception based on VAS is very poor. Thus, the efforts of the public health education program should focus on the correct perception of breast cancer risk among Iranian women.

scholarly journals Safety Doesn’t Happen by Accident: A Longitudinal Investigation on the Antecedents of Safety Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Mazzetti ◽  
Emanuela Valente ◽  
Dina Guglielmi ◽  
Michela Vignoli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Safety Climate ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Safety Behavior ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Safety Knowledge

Research recognizes the shared perceptions of the priority attributed to safety in comparison to other organizational goals (i.e., safety climate) as a potential antecedent of safety behavior among construction workers. This type of climate can dismantle barriers to the promotion of effective strategies to mitigate workplace hazards. On the other hand, the current understanding of the underlying process that links the perception of a safety climate to the implementation of safety behavior is far from being exhaustive. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the role of risk perception and safety knowledge in explaining the positive impact of safety climate before attending a training course (Time 0) and safety behavior after the training completion (Time 1). Data were collected at two time-points on a sample of N = 278 construction workers taking part in different safety training courses promoted by a vocational training organization in Northern Italy. The hypothesized relationships were tested using a serial mediation model bootstrapping approach. The obtained results indicated that the perception of a safety climate at Time 0 (T0) among construction workers is associated with higher risk perception and safety knowledge that, in turn, resulted in a higher implementation of safety behavior at Time 1 (T1). These findings contribute to the understanding of those factors that constitute a fertile ground for preventing injuries and accidents in the construction sector.

RECYCLED WATER RISK PERCEPTION - A COMPARISON OF TWO CASE STUDIES

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hurlimann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Survey ◽  
Water Uses

This paper reports results from a study comparing perceived risk associated with various recycled water uses in two Australian locations, both in the state of Victoria: the capital city Melbourne, and Bendigo a regional urban centre. Both locations are experiencing ‘drought’, but Bendigo is experiencing this in a more acute manner. A case study is used in each location. Both case studies involve future use of recycled water in new commercial buildings. An on-line survey was used to measure attitudes to recycled water of the future occupants of both buildings. The study found perceived risk associated with 11 uses of recycled water increased as the use became increasingly personal. Interestingly, no difference in perceived risk associated with 11 uses of recycled water was found between locations. Prior experience (use) of recycled water was found to be a significant and positive factor in reducing risk perception. Various attitudinal variables were found to be significant influences on perceived risk. Results indicate that reducing perceived risk of recycled water use may increase satisfaction with its use.

scholarly journals Assessing the clinical utility of genetic risk scores for targeted cancer screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly A. Conran ◽  
Zhuqing Shi ◽  
William Kyle Resurreccion ◽  
Rong Na ◽  
Brian T. Helfand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Scores

Abstract Background Genome-wide association studies have identified thousands of disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A subset of these SNPs may be additively combined to generate genetic risk scores (GRSs) that confer risk for a specific disease. Although the clinical validity of GRSs to predict risk of specific diseases has been well established, there is still a great need to determine their clinical utility by applying GRSs in primary care for cancer risk assessment and targeted intervention. Methods This clinical study involved 281 primary care patients without a personal history of breast, prostate or colorectal cancer who were 40–70 years old. DNA was obtained from a pre-existing biobank at NorthShore University HealthSystem. GRSs for colorectal cancer and breast or prostate cancer were calculated and shared with participants through their primary care provider. Additional data was gathered using questionnaires as well as electronic medical record information. A t-test or Chi-square test was applied for comparison of demographic and key clinical variables among different groups. Results The median age of the 281 participants was 58 years and the majority were female (66.6%). One hundred one (36.9%) participants received 2 low risk scores, 99 (35.2%) received 1 low risk and 1 average risk score, 37 (13.2%) received 1 low risk and 1 high risk score, 23 (8.2%) received 2 average risk scores, 21 (7.5%) received 1 average risk and 1 high risk score, and no one received 2 high risk scores. Before receiving GRSs, younger patients and women reported significantly more worry about risk of developing cancer. After receiving GRSs, those who received at least one high GRS reported significantly more worry about developing cancer. There were no significant differences found between gender, age, or GRS with regards to participants’ reported optimism about their future health neither before nor after receiving GRS results. Conclusions Genetic risk scores that quantify an individual’s risk of developing breast, prostate and colorectal cancers as compared with a race-defined population average risk have potential clinical utility as a tool for risk stratification and to guide cancer screening in a primary care setting.

scholarly journals Risk Perception in the Construction Industry: Differences Between Italian and Migrant Workers Before and After a Targeted Training Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Federico Ricci ◽  
Giulia Bravo ◽  
Alberto Modenese ◽  
Fabrizio De Pasquale ◽  
Davide Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Visual Tool ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

We developed a visual tool to assess risk perception for a sample of male construction workers (forty Italian and twenty-eight immigrant workers), just before and after a sixteen-hour training course. The questionnaire included photographs of real construction sites, and workers were instructed to select pictograms representing the occupational risks present in each photograph. Points were awarded for correctly identifying any risks that were present, and points were deducted for failing to identify risks that were present or identifying risks that were not present. We found: (1) Before the course, risk perception was significantly lower in immigrants compared to Italians ( p < .001); (2) risk perception improved significantly ( p < .001) among all workers tested; and (3) after the training, the difference in risk perception between Italians and immigrants was no longer statistically significant ( p = .1086). Although the sample size was relatively small, the results suggest that the training is effective and may reduce the degree to which cultural and linguistic barriers hinder risk perception. Moreover, the use of images and pictograms instead of words to evaluate risk perception could also be applied to nonconstruction workplaces.

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