scholarly journals Ontogenetic development of cardiac tolerance to oxygen deprivation – possible mechanisms

2009 ◽  
pp. S1-S12 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ošťádal ◽  
I Ošťádalová ◽  
F Kolář ◽  
Z Charvátová ◽  
I Netuka
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Early Ontogeny ◽  
Oxygen Deprivation ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Immature Heart

Our present focus on the hypoxic immature heart is driven by clinical urgency: cyanotic congenital cardiac malformations remain the single largest cause of mortality from congenital defects and ischemic heart disease is no more the disease of the fifth and older decades but its origin as well as risk factors are present already during early ontogeny. Moreover, the number of adult patients operated for cyanotic congenital heart disease during infancy steadily increases. This group approaches the age of the rising risk of serious cardiovascular diseases, particularly ischemic heart disease. Experimental results have clearly shown that the immature heart is significantly more tolerant to oxygen deficiency than the adult myocardium. However, the mechanisms of this difference have not yet been satisfactorily clarified; they are likely the result of developmental changes in cardiac energy metabolism, including mitochondrial function. The high resistance of the newborn heart cannot be further increased by ischemic preconditioning or adaptation to chronic hypoxia; these protective mechanisms appear only with decreasing tolerance during development. Resistance of the adult myocardium to acute oxygen deprivation may be significantly influenced by perinatal hypoxia. These results suggest that the developmental approach offers new possibilities in the studies of pathogenesis, prevention and therapy of critical cardiovascular diseases.

HOMOARGININE LEVEL AND METHIONINE-HOMOCYSTEINE BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 516-524
Author(s):  
A. A. Zhloba ◽  
T. F. Subbotina ◽  
N. S. Molchan ◽  
Yu. S. Polushin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Impaired Metabolism ◽  
Total Homocysteine

The level of homoarginine (hArg) in terms of prognostic significance may exceed the natriuretic peptides and other well-known markers according to the latest data about the progression of cardiovascular diseases. The lack of data on the association of hArg levels with levels of other metabolites makes it difficult to understand its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Relationships of hArg and other amino acids, including methionine (Met) and total homocysteine (tHcy), and their ratio in patients with ischemic heart disease were evaluated. The study included 74 patients with coronary heart disease (57 men and 17 women) aged 62 (57 - 67) years before coronary artery bypass surgery and 27 healthy people of similar age. In patients, the level of hArg was almost 2 times lower (p <0.05) than in healthy individuals and rates lower than 1.4 μM were in half of them. The statistically significant decrease (p = 0.0025) of the Met/tHcy ratio corresponded to a decrease in the level of hArg. This ratio did not correlate with glucose level or body mass index. Less statistical significance of hArg correlation with levels of Met or tHcy separately was observed. In the subgroup of patients with hAarg level above 2.1 μM, a lower incidence of myocardial infarction was noted. Thus, a low hArg level is associated with impaired metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids involved in transmethylation reactions, in patients with ischemic heart disease. The Met/tHcy ratio, closely correlating with the level of hArg, apparently reveals a link between the reactions of creatine formation and transmethylation, highlighting a cohort of patients with the most profound and dangerous changes in tissue metabolism.

scholarly journals Mortality in a Cohort of Men Expressing the Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 706-709
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Cocco ◽  
Pierfelice Todde ◽  
Susanna Fornera ◽  
Maria Bonaria Manca ◽  
Pierina Manca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis of a lower mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases among men expressing glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. We designed a mortality study based on death certificates from January 1, 1982 through December 31, 1992 in a cohort of G6PD-deficient men. Cohort members were 1,756 men, identified as expressing the G6PD-deficient phenotype during a 1981 population screening of the G6PD polymorphism. The setting was the island of Sardinia, Italy. Outcome measures were cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), which were computed as 100 times the observed/expected ratio, with the general Sardinian male population as the reference. Deaths from all causes were significantly less than expected due to decreased SMRs for ischemic heart disease (SMR, 28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10 to 62), cerebrovascular disease (SMR, 22; 95% CI, 6 to 55), and liver cirrhosis (SMR, 12; 95% CI, 0 to 66), which explained 95.6% of the deficit in total mortality. All cancer mortality was close to the expectation, with a significant increase in the SMR for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (SMR, 545; 95% CI, 147 to 1,395). A decrease in mortality from cardiovascular diseases was one of the study hypotheses, based on an earlier human report and experimental evidence. However, selection bias is also a likely explanation. Further analytic studies are warranted to confirm whether subjects expressing the G6PD-deficient phenotype are protected against ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. This cohort study is consistent with more recent case-control studies in rejecting the hypothesis of a decreased cancer risk among G6PD-deficient subjects. The observed increase in mortality from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and decrease in mortality from liver cirrhosis were not previously reported.

scholarly journals Increased Medical Visits and Mortality among Adults with Cardiovascular Diseases in Severely Affected Areas after Typhoon Morakot

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6531
Author(s):  
Hsin-I Shih ◽  
Tzu-Yuan Chao ◽  
Yi-Ting Huang ◽  
Yi-Fang Tu ◽  
Tzu-Ching Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Typhoon Morakot ◽  
Ischemic Heart Diseases ◽  
Medical Visits

Natural disasters have negative health impacts on chronic diseases in affected populations. Severely affected areas are usually rural areas with limited basic infrastructure and a population have that has limited access to optimal healthcare after a disaster. Patients with cardiovascular diseases are required to maintain quality care, especially after disasters. A population-based case-control study enrolled adults from the National Health Insurance Registry who had ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease histories and lived in the area affected by Typhoon Morakot in 2009. Monthly medical visits for acute cerebrovascular and ischemic heart diseases markedly increased at approximately 1–2 months after the typhoon. Survival analysis during the two years following the typhoon indicated a significant increase in mortality in adults with an acute ischemic heart disease history who lived in the severely affected area. Mortality hazard analysis showed that among affected adults with previous cerebrovascular diseases and acute ischemic heart diseases, patients with diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.3–1.7), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (adjusted HR: 2.0–2.7), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and asthma (adjusted HR: 1.7–2.1), liver cirrhosis (adjusted HR: 2.3–3.3) and neoplasms (adjusted HR: 1.1–2.1) had significantly increased mortality rates. Consequently, high-quality and accessible primary healthcare plans should be made available to maintain and support affected populations after disasters.

Correlations Between Acute Ischemic Stroke And Its Associated Cardiovascular Diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Daniela Y. Arabadzhieva ◽  
Ara G. Kaprelyan ◽  
Zdravko D. Slavov ◽  
Zhaneta T. Georgieva ◽  
Aleksandra Zh. Tsukeva
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Effort Angina

Summary The objective of this study was to analyze the association between some cardiovascular diseases and acute ischemic stroke. A total of 258 acute ischemic stroke patients (mean age 70.59±7.22 years) were examined. The presence of eight cardiovascular diseases and pathological conditions was analyzed: arterial hypertension, hypertensive heart, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, effort angina pectoris, coronary atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Data were statistically processed by variation and correlation analysis. Most male and female patients presented with four accompanying cardiovascular diseases (27 or 20.93% and 31 or 24.03% of the cases, respectively). There were two groups of four variables each - with a relatively strong and a moderate, as well as with a weak correlation (r<0.4), to the presence of acute ischemic stroke in the corresponding patients. Ischemic heart disease was strongly associated with effort angina pectoris (r=0.667) and to a lesser extent - with coronary atherosclerosis (r=0.470), whereas myocardial infarction was associated with coronary atherosclerosis (r=0.604) and ischemic heart disease (r=0.378), respectively. Arterial hypertension was moderately related to hypertensive heart (r=0.300). In conclusion, there were relatively close associations between acute ischemic stroke and these heart diseases. These patients should strictly and regularly be followed up by general practitioners.

scholarly journals Seaweed intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Japan Public Health Center–based Prospective (JPHC) Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1449-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utako Murai ◽  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
Mizuki Sata ◽  
Yoshihiro Kokubo ◽  
Isao Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease Risk

ABSTRACT Background The minerals, vitamins, soluble dietary fibers, and flavonoids of seaweed are protective for preventing cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between seaweed intake and risk of cardiovascular disease has not been established. Objectives We examined the dietary intake of seaweed and its impact upon stroke and ischemic heart disease risk among a Japanese study population. Methods We surveyed 40,707 men and 45,406 women from 2 large cohorts (age range: 40–69 y). Seaweed intake was determined by FFQ at baseline (1990–1994). Incidences of stroke and ischemic heart disease were ascertained until the end of 2009 (Cohort I) or 2012 (Cohort II). Sex-specific cardiovascular disease HRs (95% CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models after stratification by area and adjustment for cardiovascular disease risk and dietary factors. Results During 1,493,232 person-years of follow-up, 4777 strokes (2863 ischemic stroke, 1361 intraparenchymal hemorrhages, and 531 subarachnoid hemorrhages) and 1204 ischemic heart disease cases were identified. Among men, significant multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for almost daily consumption compared with almost no consumption of seaweed were seen in ischemic heart disease [0.76 (0.58, 0.99); P-trend = 0.04] and total cardiovascular diseases [0.88 (0.78, 1.00); P-trend = 0.08]. Among women, such inverse associations were 0.56 (0.36, 0.85; P-trend = 0.006) for ischemic heart disease and 0.89 (0.76, 1.05; P-trend = 0.10) for total cardiovascular diseases. No significant associations were observed between seaweed intake and risk of total stroke or stroke types among either men or women. Conclusions Seaweed intake was inversely associated with risk of ischemic heart disease.

scholarly journals Pattern of Cardiovascular Disease among Admitted Patients in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Dibya Sharma ◽  
Ram Chandra Kafle ◽  
Vijay Madhav Alurkar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
And Gender

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the dominant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2008, cardiovascular deaths represented 30% of all global deaths, with more than 80% of deaths in developing countries. There is increase in incidence of hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study is to find the pattern of cardiovascular diseases among patients admitted in cardiac ward.Methods: A retrospective analysis of records of admitted patients from 1st January 2016 – 30th December 2017 was conducted in Cardiology ward of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 2268 patients’ data were taken from the ward register. The data was collected and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 18.0 version during the period from 1st June to 30th August 2018. Results: The age ranged between 12 to 95 years with a mean (SD) is 61.23(16.34 years). More than half (51%) of the patients were female gender. Forty-six percentages of the patients were in the age group of 56 – 75 years. More than 1/3rd (35%) were diagnosed with Ischemic heart disease (IHD) followed by hypertension (22.8%) and arrhythmia(13.4%). There was a significant association between age and gender with the pattern of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: Ischemic heart disease, hypertension and arrhythmia were the major causes of hospitalization. Preventive measures at community and personal level focusing on the risk factors management of ischemic heart disease will alleviate the burden of ischemic heart disease.Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; mortality; pattern; prevalence.

scholarly journals Global greenness in relation to reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases: ischemic heart disease and stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 124003
Author(s):  
Aji Kusumaning Asri ◽  
Chia-Pin Yu ◽  
Wen-Chi Pan ◽  
Yue Leon Guo ◽  
Huey-Jen Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart
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