scholarly journals EVALUATING THE PLACE OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN FOR DAIRY FARMING

1970 ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
D. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
New Information ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Optimum Production ◽  
Research Resources

AREAS in which white clover grows reasonably well have the potential of carrying a certain stocking rate without using fertilizer nitrogen. The development of dairying in such areas will logically use the best available legumes to increase stock carrying capacity to its economic optimum. Evaluating the place of fertilizer nitrogen in these areas will therefore be concerned with the establishment of the maximum economic production from legume-based pastures, and secondly with the increase in production per unit area possible using a range of nitrogen levels. Where the research objective is to provide guidance to a developing. industry, the optimum production from both nitrogen' sources must be defined using available information on the best management systems, most suitable .legumes, most effective rhizobium, etc. This approach accepts that new information on any of the factors involved could increase the stocking rate which gives optimum production from either nitrogen source and would advocate that some of the research resources should be used to examine such management factors. If this guidance is not available, decisions will still have to be made by the industry but at greater risk (Morley and Spedding, 1968).

Fertilizer nitrogen recovery in tea as influenced by nitrogen levels

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1747-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Raj Kumar ◽  
S. Marimuthu ◽  
L. Manivel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Recovery ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

Studies on Maize (Zea mays) at Bunda, Malawi. I. Yield in Relation to Rainfall

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. MacColl
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

SUMMARYYields of maize were determined in six years, on two soils, at up to four nitrogen levels following early and late planting. Without fertilizer nitrogen, high rainfall at the beginning of the growing season reduced yield on one soil but not on the other, while high rainfall at late silking and high total rainfall in the growing season reduced yields on both soils. As the level of fertilizer nitrogen increased, the negative effects of rainfall on yield tended to disappear. A three week delay in planting sometimes increased and sometimes decreased yield. The probable reasons for the observed effects of rainfall on yield are discussed.

scholarly journals The Integrated Management of Information about the Geodetic Point Fields—A Case of the Czech Republic

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Janečka
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
New Information ◽  
Available Information

The geodetic point fields play a crucial role in measuring a terrain, in surveying, and mapping applications. Due to the rapid development in the domain of information technologies, it makes sense to consider using the database and web technologies to manage and disseminate the available information about the geodetic point fields. The paper presents the creation of a spatial database which integrates the information about the various kinds of established geodetic point fields (horizontal, vertical and gravitational) with the aim of enabling their effective management. Furthermore, based on the integrated spatial database, the prototype of the new information system of geodetic point fields has been developed. The functionality of the prototype also considers the requirements coming from the international efforts, i.e., the Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) directive. The prototype, based on Java Enterprise Edition (EE) technology, implements the features reflecting the cyber-security issues and ensures the modularity and scalability of the system, which is important for further development of the system and dissemination and accessibility of the information about the geodetic point fields via modern web technologies.

scholarly journals Utilization of Natural History Information in Evidence based Herpetoculture: A Proposed Protocol and Case Study with Hydrodynastes gigas (False Water Cobra)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Zachary J. Loughman
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Scientific Inference ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Available Information

Herpetocultural practices are based on norms driven by economy of space and time for keepers, with little scientific inference backing their practice. In recent years, a subset of herpetoculturalists have promoted evidence-based husbandry that relies on science and experimental design to generate husbandry practice. A theoretical framework and protocol are proposed herein that enables any individual who has access to the internet the ability to use various outlets of natural history information (scientific literature databases, social media sources, and weather websites) and previously published husbandry reports as evidence to drive the creation of novel herpetocultural practice. A case study is provided which compares readily available information on the care of Hydrodynastes gigas (false water cobra), such as online care sheets for the species, with the proposed evidence based herpetocultural protocol founded on natural history information and published care and captive breeding reports. Results were assessed for protocol efficacy and determined that the natural history informed evidence-based approach increased animal welfare and generated new information specific to the natural history of H. gigas.

MAYA COASTAL PRODUCTION, EXCHANGE, LIFE STYLE, AND POPULATION MOBILITY: A VIEW FROM THE PORT OF XCAMBO, YUCATAN, MEXICO

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma Sierra Sosa ◽  
Andrea Cucina ◽  
T. Douglas Price ◽  
James H. Burton ◽  
Vera Tiesler
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Mobility ◽  
New Order ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
New Information ◽  
Trade Dynamics ◽  
Maya Collapse ◽  
Coastal Marshlands

AbstractAnchored in archaeological, bioarchaeological, and chemical research conducted at the coastal enclave of Xcambo, this paper examines Classic period Maya coastal saline economic production and exchange, along with the lifestyle, ethnicity, and mobility of the traders. Nestled in the coastal marshlands of the northern Yucatan, Mexico, Xcambo functioned as a salt production center and port during its occupation, maintaining long-reaching ties with other parts of the Maya world and Veracruz. Considered together, the different data sets document a reorientation in Xcambo's exchange routes and connections, which are echoed by increasingly diverse cultural affiliations and an increasing geographic mobility of Xcambo's merchants. This new information confirms the known pattern of gradually intensifying, though still relatively independent, trade dynamics along the Maya coast in the centuries leading up to the so-called “Maya collapse” and the rise of a new merchant league under the control of Chichen Itza. It was this new order that probably led to the swift end of Xcambo soon aftera.d.700.

scholarly journals Endemic bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of Colombia: State of knowledge, distribution, and conservation

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor E. Ramírez-Chaves ◽  
Elkin A. Noguera-Urbano ◽  
Darwin M. Morales-Martínez ◽  
Danny Zurc ◽  
Andrés Felipe Vargas-Arboleda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
National Level ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
International Union ◽  
New Information ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Bat Diversity

Colombia, with 209 species, is one of the richest countries in terms of bat diversity. This high bat diversity is comprised in nine families and 72 genera. A total of eight species of the families Emballonuridae (n = 1) and Phyllostomidae (n = 7) are listed as endemic to the country. In spite the relevance of Colombiain bat diversity, little is known of these endemic species which are mostly known from the type locality (n=4), whereas for others (n = 2), their taxonomic status is uncertain. Here, available information of endemic bats from Colombia is compiled, and new information on their distribution and conservation is provided. The most included species in publications including the original description (n = 15) was Lonchorhina marinkellei. The only distribution pattern observed for the species evaluated was for Carollia monohernandezi and Vampyressa sinchi that might overlap distributions in the eastern slopes of the Eastern Cordillera. Most endemic species are from the Andean and inter-Andean regions of the country (n = 6). At national level, there are no endemic species in any threatened category; however, at least one species (Lonchorhina marinkellei) is considered as Vulnerable (VU) and one (Saccopteryx antioquensis) as Endangered (EN) by the International Union forConservation of Nature-IUCN.

Potato Response to Legume and Fertilizer Nitrogen Sources

1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Griffin ◽  
O. B. Hesterman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

Biomass and Nutrient Content by Sugarcane as Affected by Fertilizer Nitrogen Sources

Crop Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1234-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Mariano ◽  
José M. Leite ◽  
Michele X. Vieira-Megda ◽  
Ignacio A. Ciampitti ◽  
André C. Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

Some mathematical aspects of the clover, grass, and fertilizer nitrogen relations

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Stewart ◽  
D. M. B. Chestnutt
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Apparent Competition ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Nitrogen Transfer ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Mathematical Equation ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
Simple Equations ◽  
Nitrogen Relations

SummaryThis article attempts to discuss the relations between the nitrogen sources in data from a large field experiment in which various levels of fertilizer nitrogen were applied to various grass mixtures in the presence and absence of white clover. It was seen that a number of effects occurred, among them the strong depression of clover nitrogen by fertilizer nitrogen (to the extent that equations predicting their contribution to grass nitrogen could not be produced directly by multiple regression but had to be constructed separately), a further apparent depression of clover nitrogen transfer effectiveness, a more significant relationship between grass nitrogen increase and the previous year's clover nitrogen than the current year's clover nitrogen, and apparent competition between grass and clover despite the latter's contribution to increased grass yield.As some of the effects are counteractive, in each comparison made a balance appears to exist. This varies between sites and years in such a way that although the variation in grass nitrogen is always largely dependent on the clover and fertilizer nitrogen the relations are not consistent as shown by the mathematical equation representing them, and cannot be extrapolated or predicted for other sites. It is suggested that a mathematical model be constructed to simulate such an interactive system and that predictions when necessary be made using this, rather than using simple equations.

scholarly journals Why Are Radar Data so Difficult to Assimilate Skillfully?

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (7) ◽  
pp. 2819-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Fabry ◽  
Véronique Meunier
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
State Variables ◽  
New Information ◽  
Common Practices ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
The Common ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Abstract Although radar is our most useful tool for monitoring severe weather, the benefits of assimilating its data are often short lived. To understand why, we documented the assimilation requirements, the data characteristics, and the common practices that could hinder optimum data assimilation by traditional approaches. Within storms, radars provide dense measurements of a few highly variable storm outcomes (precipitation and wind) in atmospherically unstable conditions. However, statistical relationships between errors of observed and unobserved quantities often become nonlinear because the errors in these areas tend to become large rapidly. Beyond precipitating areas lie large regions for which radars provide limited new information, yet whose properties will soon shape the outcome of future storms. For those areas, any innovation must consequently be projected from sometimes distant precipitating areas. Thus, radar data assimilation must contend with a double need at odds with many traditional assimilation implementations: correcting in-storm properties with complex errors while projecting information at unusually far distances outside precipitating areas. To further complicate the issue, other data properties and practices, such as assimilating reflectivity in logarithmic units, are not optimal to correct all state variables. Therefore, many characteristics of radar measurements and common practices of their assimilation are incompatible with necessary conditions for successful data assimilation. Facing these dataset-specific challenges may force us to consider new approaches that use the available information differently.

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