A REVIEW OF 10 YEARS' RESEARCH WITH RED CLOVERS UNDER GRAZING IN SOUTHLAND

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1989.50.1885 ◽

1989 ◽

pp. 181-187

Author(s):

R.J.M. Hay ◽

D.L. Ryan

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Red Clover ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Seasonal Growth ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

High Quality ◽

Late Flowering ◽

Heavy Weight ◽

Widespread Acceptance ◽

Summer Growth

In a series of trials at Grasslands Gore, over 10 years, the late-flowering tetraploid red clover 'Grassland Pawera' was more productive and persistent than other red clover cultivars. The strong summer growth of Pawera meets the need for heavy-weight lamb feed and high quality forage for conservation in intensive sheep farming systems in Southland. Lenient. infrequent defoliation is necessary to maximise DM production and persistence of Pawera. The most compatible of the grasses evaluated was 'Grasslands Roa' tall fescue. However, 'Grasslands Nui' ryegrass will still be the major grass sown with Pawera owing to its widespread acceptance. In ryegrass mixtures, sowing rates of 5-7 kg/ha of red clover were needed to optimise establishment and subsequent yield. Evidence of oestrogenic activity of Pewera to sheep prompted Grasslands Division to select within Pawera for a low formononetin cultivar. Keywords: red clover, Pawera. Hamua, Turoa. G21. G22, G27. oestrogenic activity, Nui ryegrass, Roa tall fescue, Maru phalaris. Southland, sheep grazing, frequency, intensity, quality. seasonal growth

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Deer production from ryegrass- and tall fescue-based pastures

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1992.54.2034 ◽

1992 ◽

pp. 23-26

Author(s):

D.R. Stevens ◽

K. Drew ◽

F. Laas ◽

J.D. Turner

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Trifolium Pratense ◽

Red Clover ◽

High Quality ◽

Trifolium Pratense L ◽

Summer Pasture ◽

Game Industry ◽

One Year

The development of a Appellation Marketing Strategy by the New Zealand Game Industry Board will change the requirements of the venison industry. High deer liveweight gains throughout the year will be required to ensure a consistent supply of high quality venison. The improvement of spring and summer pasture availability and quality are being investigated at the Invermay Agricultural Centre. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and tall fescuelchicory/(Cichoorium intybusL.) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) pastures were compared with high and low endophyte ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pastures. Liveweight gain and carrying capacity were measured in spring and summer one year after establishment. Pasture parameters were measured to explain differences in animal perFormance. Liveweight gain was similar on all treatments, though was 21-35% lower in summer than in spring. The tall fescue-based pastures had significantly higher carrying capacities because of a better clover balance throughout the trial. This led to significantly higher per ha production on fust year tall fescue-based pastures. Though ryegrass endophyte had no effect on pasture or animal production, animal behaviour might have been affected. Keywords Acremonium lolii, carrying capacity, Cichorium intybus, deer, Festuca arundinacea, liveweight gain, Loliumperenne, pasture parameters, Trifolium pratense, Trijolium repens

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THE PERFORMANCE OF S170 TALL FESCUE IN CANTERBURY

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1974.36.1401 ◽

1974 ◽

pp. 214-215

Author(s):

B.R. Watkin

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

White Clover ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Selection Of

AN Aberystwyth selection of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), known as S170, was sown with certified New Zealand white clover (Trifolium repens) and re' clover (T. pratense) and compared under sheep grazing with other grass/clover pastures at the Grasslands Division Regional Station at Lincoln (Watkin, 1975) .

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Supplemental Feeding of Spring-Calving Cows on Tall Fescue or Tall Fescue-Red Clover Pastures

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas1983.573535x ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 535-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. L. Ellis ◽

R. E. Morrow ◽

G. B. Garner ◽

J. A. Stricker ◽

M. R. Ellersieck

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Red Clover ◽

Supplemental Feeding

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Relative performance of white clover (Trifolium repens) cultivars and experimental synthetics under rotational grazing by beef cattle, dairy cattle and sheep

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp21084 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 (11) ◽

pp. 926

Author(s):

M. Z. Z. Jahufer ◽

J. L. Ford ◽

G. R. Cousins ◽

D. R. Woodfield

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

White Clover ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Relative Performance ◽

Seasonal Growth ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Rotational Grazing ◽

Average Performance

Assessment of the relative performance of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars, using multi-year and multi-location seasonal growth trials, is key to identification of material with specific and broad adaptation. This paper is based on a multi-year and multi-location study of 56 white clover entries comprising 14 commercial cultivars and 42 experimental synthetic lines evaluated for seasonal growth under rotational grazing across four locations in New Zealand over 4years. The four locations (and animals grazing) were: Kerikeri (beef cattle), Aorangi (beef cattle), Ruakura (dairy cattle), Lincoln (sheep). Significant (P<0.05) genotypic variation among the 56 entries, and genotype × year, genotype× location and genotype× season interactions, were estimated. We were able to identify cultivars and experimental synthetics with specific and broad adaptation to the three grazing management types. Cvv. AberDance, Apex, Demand, Prestige, Quartz and Riesling, with leaf size ranging from small to medium–large, showed highly above-average performance under sheep grazing. Synthetic lines 15 and 45 also had highly above-average performance under sheep grazing. Cvv. Legacy and Kopu II showed above-average performance under cattle and dairy grazing. Synthetics 15, 48, 49, 44, 22 and 18 and cv. Quartz had above-average performance under all three grazing managements. Synthetics 27, 33 and 38 had highly above-average performance across all three grazing managements and were superior to all 14 cultivars evaluated. Several of these superior synthetics are being tested across multiple grazing environments. Among the 14 cultivars evaluated, Legacy and Quartz showed superior seasonal growth performance across the three grazing managements. Quartz is being evaluated in several on-farm trials across temperate regions of the world.

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The search for alternative temperate perennial pasture species for low to medium rainfall environments in Tasmania

NZGA: Research and Practice Series ◽

10.33584/rps.16.2016.3239 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 275-279

Author(s):

E.J. Hall ◽

R. Reid ◽

B. Clark ◽

R. Dent

Keyword(s):

Perennial Grass ◽

Dactylis Glomerata ◽

Red Clover ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Grass Species ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Cool Temperate ◽

Perennial Legume ◽

Perennial Legumes ◽

Pasture Plants

In response to the need to find better adapted and more persistent perennial pasture plants for the dryland pastures in the cool-temperate low to medium rainfall (500-700 mm) regions, over 1000 accessions representing 24 species of perennial legumes and 64 species of perennial grasses, were introduced, characterised and evaluated for production and persistence under sheep grazing at sites throughout Tasmania. The work has identified four alternative legume species in Talish Clover (Trifolium tumens). Caucasian Clover (T. ambiguum), Stoloniferous Red Clover (T. pratense var. stoloniferum), Lucerne x Yellow Lucerne Hybrid (Medicago sativa x M.sativa subsp. falcata); and two grass species in Coloured Brome (Bromus coloratus) and Hispanic Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata var hispanica). Keywords: persistence, perennial grass, perennial legume

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Effects of the MaxP (TM) endophyte in tall fescue on pasture production and composition, and the sheep grazing preference in a dryland environment

NZGA: Research and Practice Series ◽

10.33584/rps.13.2006.3073 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 259-262

Author(s):

K.N. Tozer ◽

S. Ates ◽

N.R. Mapp ◽

M.C. Smith ◽

R.J. Lucas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Early Spring ◽

Botanical Composition ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Pasture Production ◽

Basal Diameter ◽

Matter Production ◽

Annual Grasses

Pasture growth, botanical composition and sheep grazing preference were measured over 20 months in tall fescue (cultivar Advance), without endophyte (Nil) or infected with AR542 (MaxPTM) endophyte, and clover pastures sown into a dryland soil, Canterbury, New Zealand. Pastures were rotationally grazed with sheep, with grazing preference for the two endophyte treatments measured in late autumn and early spring. Annual dry matter production from April 2004 to April 2005 was not significantly different between AR542 (6293 kg DM/ha) and Nil (5864 kg DM/ha) tall fescue. The number of tall fescue plants/m2 and their basal diameter was greater for AR542 (35 plants/m2, 7.5 cm diameter) than Nil endophyte tall fescue (28 plants/m2, 6.8 cm diameter). AR542 endophyte tall fescue pastures had fewer weeds, mainly annual grasses, than Nil endophyte pastures throughout the trial. Grazing preference, measured by the number of sheep grazing each plot, and decline in pasture height did not differ between Nil and AR542 tall fescue. Keywords: tall fescue, novel endophyte, AR542, botanical composition, weed, grazing preference

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A COMPARISON OF PERENNIAL GRASSES UNDER SHEEP GRAZING ON THE CENTRAL PLATEAU

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1983.44.1633 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 81-90

Author(s):

N.S. Percival ◽

F.R. Duder

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Total Yield ◽

Seasonal Distribution ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Small Reduction ◽

Central Plateau ◽

Canary Grass ◽

Autumn And Winter

Details are given on the production and survival over four years of five perennial grasses under rotational sheep-grazing on a pumice soil. The comparison involved three perennial ryegrasses ('Grasslands Nui and Ruanui', and Yates Ellett), and mixtures of Ellett with 'Grasslands Roa' tall fescue and Ellett with 'Grasslands Maru' phalaris. All pastures were sown with white and red clovers. Annual dry matter yields from Nui and Ellett pastures were similar, at about 6,500 kg/ha. Ruanui pastures were on average 600 kg/ha lower. The pastures containing tall fescue and phalaris were similar to Ellett. The major seasonal yield effects were in autumn and winter, when Ruanui pastures were substantially poorer than those with Nui and Ellett. Ryegrass yield of Ellett pasture was greater than Nui, and Nui was greater than Ruanui at all seasons. Ellett ryagrass was a higher proportion of the total yield at all times, and had higher tiller populations than Nui and Ruanui. Neither tall fescue or phalaris were, able to compete with Ellett ryegrass. It is suggested that neither of these be sown with ryegrass. Clover yields were higher in Ruanui than Ellett pastures, with Nui intermediate. The use of Nui, Ellett and Ruanui ryegrasses is related to the problems of seasonal distribution and total annual yields of pastures on the Central Plateau. It is suggested using Nui or Ellett as the base for perennial pastures will give substantial increases in production. Ellett ryegrass had higher survival than Nui which was considered an advantage, though this was achieved at the expense of a small reduction in clover vields. Keywords: Perennial ryegrass, Ellett, Nui, Ruanui, Roa tall fescue, Maru phalaris, canary grass, sheep grazing, central North Island, Central Plateau, grass grub, Argentine stem weevil, Lolium endophyte.

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Tall fescue use on dairy farms

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1997.59.2236 ◽

1997 ◽

pp. 163-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

G.D. Milne ◽

R. Shaw ◽

R. Powell ◽

B. Pirie ◽

J. Pirie

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Animal Health ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Dairy Farmers ◽

Costelytra Zealandica ◽

Listronotus Bonariensis ◽

Summer Growth

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is now well proven on New Zealand dairy farms as a pasture species capable of producing high levels of milk production. Compared with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) it offers benefits of higher annual and summer growth, higher clover contents in pasture, higher green leaf to stem ratios in summer, reduced plant pulling, better animal health, grass grub (Costelytra zealandica) and Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis) tolerance, tolerance of wet soils, and drought tolerance and growth. Tall fescue can be recommended for dairy farmers in areas where summer growth and quality of ryegrass is reduced by moisture stress or high temperatures, and for those willing to adjust their grazing and establishment practices to suit tall fescue. Keywords: dairy farms, Festuca arundinacea, tall fescue

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117 Organic and conventional pasture systems for lamb production in Southeastern U.S

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz397.152 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 66-67

Author(s):

Joan M Burke

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽

Organic Production ◽

Intact Male ◽

Organic Certification ◽

Recorded Data ◽

Fence Line

Abstract Little is known about U.S. organic production of ruminant livestock. Objective was to examine growth, gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection, and eligibility of organic certification between conventional (CON) and organic (ORG) management (Mgt) up to 150 d of age. Katahdin lambs (ORG, n = 240; CON, n = 690) were born in fall (Oct–Dec) or winter (Jan–Mar) between 2014 and 2019 in Booneville, AR. Intact male and female lambs were fence line weaned ~90 d of age, grazed tall fescue and/or mixed forages and were supplemented (corn/soybean meal) when forage quality became limiting. Organic sheep and pastures were certified by NICS. Body weight was determined at birth and approximately 60, 90, 120, and 150 d of age. Blood and feces were collected for packed cell volume (PCV) and fecal egg counts (FEC) at 90, 105, 120, 135, and 150 d of age. Lambs were selectively dewormed based on Five Point Check and incidence recorded. Data were analyzed by Proc GLM or Mixed with repeated measures (SAS) and included Mgt, sex, season, yr, d of measurement and interactions; age of lamb was included as covariate if needed. Birth weight was usually greater in fall born ORG and less in winter born than CON (mgt x season x yr, P < 0.001), and varied between ORG and CON over time (mgt x season x yr x d, P < 0.001). A similar 4-way interaction occurred for FEC and PCV (P < 0.001). Incidence of deworming was similar between ORG and CON (ranged between 0 and 3 times/lamb, and 3.2% to 151% over season and yr). Because copper oxide wire particles were used for most ORG deworming, between 50 and 92% of lambs were eligible for organic certification by 150 d of age (mgt x season x yr, P = 0.03). Comparisons between farming systems are complex and should consider factors such as varietal and seasonal changes in forages.

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