Adaptation and Calibration of the Faulting Model for Thin Concrete Pavements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Echevarría ◽  
Juan Pablo Covarrubias
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Differential Model ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Design Guide ◽  
Design Software

Joint faulting is a pavement distress that affects the comfort level of jointed plain concrete pavements. The appearance of joint faulting usually occurs in areas of high traffic of trucks at high speed. Variables such as level of rainfall and the erodibility of the subbase increases the magnitude of this phenomenon. To predict joint faulting in Thin Concrete Pavements, the design software OptiPave2, launched in 2012, used the same model developed for the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG), which uses an energy differential model. After 6 years of the release of the software and after 10 years since the construction of some thin concrete pavement projects, there are pavements with clear signs of joint faulting and others without. For this reason, the OptiPave2 model was reviewed and compared with field data, concluding that the faulting model needed to be adjusted This new model was calibrated with the data from existing concrete pavement projects.

Performance evaluation of jointed plain concrete pavements with sealed and unsealed joints in North Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
Mena I. Souliman ◽  
Ashish Tripathi ◽  
Lubinda F. Walubita ◽  
Mayzan M. Isied
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
North Texas ◽  
Pavement Distress ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Joint sealing in jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP) has been practiced throughout the world for many years as it improves the performance of concrete pavements. The infiltration of water is a common problem in concrete pavements and often increases distresses, such as faulting and pumping. For this reason, sealing the joints can help reduce water infiltration. Additionally, the infiltration of sand and small stones, aggregates, or debris into the joints can also be prevented, consequently reducing joint spalling in concrete pavements. However, it is also reported that joint sealing increases the initial cost of construction, especially if the joints need to be resealed, which leads to some additional costs. In this study, the pavement distress data was collected from the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) database for all the JPCPs sections in North Texas. The study illustrates the relative field performance in terms of spalling, faulting, roughness, and deflections of JPCP sections for both sealed and unsealed LTPP sections of North Texas.

New Long-Life Concrete Pavements in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bohuslav Slánský ◽  
Vit Šmilauer ◽  
Jiří Hlavatý ◽  
Richard Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Calorimetry ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Hydration Kinetics

A jointed plain concrete pavement represents a reliable, historically proven technical solution for highly loaded roads, highways, airports and other industrial surfaces. Excellent resistance to permanent deformations (rutting) and also durability and maintenance costs play key roles in assessing the economic benefits, rehabilitation plans, traffic closures, consumption and recycling of materials. In the history of concrete pavement construction, slow-to-normal hardening Portland cement was used in Czechoslovakia during the 1970s-1980s. The pavements are being replaced after 40-50 years of service, mostly due to vertical slab displacements due to missing dowel bars. However, pavements built after 1996 used rapid hardening cements, resulting in long-term surface cracking and decreased durability. In order to build durable concrete pavements, slower hardening slag-blended binders were designed and tested in the restrained ring shrinkage test and in isothermal calorimetry. Corresponding concretes were tested mainly for the compressive/tensile strength evolution and deicing salt-frost scaling to meet current specifications. The pilot project was executed on a 14 km highway, where a unique temperature-strain monitoring system was installed to provide long-term data from the concrete pavement. A thermo-mechanical coupled model served for data validation, showing a beneficial role of slower hydration kinetics. Continuous monitoring interim results at 24 months have revealed small curling induced by drying and the overall small differential shrinkage of the slab.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Dowels in Concrete Pavement

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Grosek ◽  
Andrea Zuzulova ◽  
Ilja Brezina
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Direct Measurements

Dowels are located in transverse joints of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCP) and they are used to provide load transfer between individual slabs, reduce faulting and improve performance. Dowels and the concrete itself are under the highest stress in the vicinity of joints; thus, in terms of pavement design, the joints are the weakest points of the whole structure. This study dealt with the drawbacks of JPCP with dowels. The evaluation was based on direct measurements on real airport and motorway pavements and highlights insufficient efficiency of load transfer and its possible causes. The authors present a successful outcome with validation by using the finite element method where high tensile stress values of the surrounding concrete were found.

scholarly journals Smoothness variations in early-age jointed plain concrete pavements

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1388-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghwan Kim ◽  
Halil Ceylan ◽  
Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Pavement Temperature

This paper discusses the variations in the early-age pavement smoothness at different measurement times and locations in three jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCPs) representing different ranges of construction times. Surface profile measurements were made during the early morning and late afternoon hours at different locations of the instrumented JPCPs during the first 7 d after construction. Variations in pavement temperature during this critical period were monitored using temperature sensors installed within the test sections. The results show that measurable changes of early-age jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP) smoothness do occur at different measurement times and locations. Within the scope of this study, it can be concluded that the variations in early-age JPCP smoothness can be significant from the standpoint of smoothness specifications. The findings of this study also indicate that morning paving produces consistent smoothness measurements when compared with afternoon paving.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of JPCP with Changes of Pavement Mix Design Using Pavement Management Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Han Jin Oh ◽  
Jun Young Park ◽  
Hyung Bae Kim ◽  
Won Kyong Jung ◽  
Jung Hun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Concrete Mix Design ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Long Life

This study aimed to analyze long-term performance of JPCP (jointed plain concrete pavement) according to changes in standard mix design using evaluation of concrete properties based on Korea HPMS (highway pavement management system) and Korea LTPP (long-term pavement performance) data accumulated for over 15 years. The concrete pavements built in the 2010s by the specification of a durability-based mix design adopted in 2010 were found to have better performance with much fewer surface distresses than the concrete pavements built before 2010 by the specification of a classical strength-based mix design. Also, in order to realize long-life concrete pavement, experimental construction was carried out for high-durability concrete mix design. The performance monitoring data for the construction site implied that the high-durability mix design can make it possible to lead a long-life concrete pavement.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Pavement considering Void beneath Slabs and Joints LTE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Bangyi Liu ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Linhao Gu ◽  
Dalin Wang ◽  
Xiaoming Huang
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Void Size ◽  
Fea Model ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Mesh Convergence

Dowel bars are arranged between two slabs of jointed plain concrete pavements to transfer load between them. The looseness of these dowel bars leads to the decrease of the load transfer efficiency (LTE). Meanwhile, repeated vehicle load can result in void near the joints. In this paper, the behaviors of concrete pavement under the effect of void size and joint stiffness were studied by using ABAQUS software. The FEA model was calibrated for different element parameters based on mesh convergence analysis and validated by comparison with previous studies. The voids beneath slabs were considered in this study, including the loaded slab and unloaded slab. The different effects of base course modulus on the stress of loaded slab are also analysed. It is concluded that the results show that the void size and joint stiffness affect the stress of the loaded plate. Smaller void size and larger joint stiffness will lead to the maximum stress located at the bottom of the loaded slab, and the void size has little effect on the stress of the loaded slab. Otherwise, the larger void size will cause larger stress. The effect of base modulus on stress is similar.

Effect of Concrete Mix Consolidation on Joint Faulting and Load Transfer Efficiency

1996 ◽  
Vol 1544 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Mustaque Hossain ◽  
John B. Wojakowski
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Falling Weight Deflectometer ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Load Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Falling Weight

Six jointed reinforced concrete pavement and one jointed plain concrete pavement test sections on US-69 in Miami County, Kansas, constructed in 1979 have been surveyed annually for faulting for the past 9 years. Falling weight deflectometer tests were conducted in 1995 to assess the load transfer efficiency of the joints. The results show that, in general, as the original concrete density increases due to improved consolidation, the rate of increase of the joint fault depth decreases at doweled joints at a given pavement age. The occurrence of joint faulting is much more severe when load transfer devices are not present; this was observed even for the pavement section built on a nonerodible subbase. Improved consolidation sometimes appeared to help improve load transfer, resulting in a lower rate of faulting. Thus, the mandatory density requirement of 98 percent rodded unit weight, which has been in effect since 1980, has undoubtedly led to better joint performance for concrete pavements in Kansas.

scholarly journals Life Extension of Aged Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement through Remodeling Index–Based Analysis

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haekook Jung ◽  
Yongjae Kim ◽  
Seungwon Kim ◽  
Cheolwoo Park ◽  
Jeong-Hee Nam
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
Remodeling Index ◽  
High Traffic Volume

As jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) age in South Korea, the cost of pavement maintenance is increasing annually. To extend the life of jointed concrete pavements through preventive maintenance, this study used 2017 pavement management system data to analyze the effects of traffic volume, alkali–silica reaction (ASR) grade, age, smoothness, and damaged area on the remodeling index (RMI—a measure of expressway pavement condition). In addition, this study evaluates the final RMI as well as the corresponding pavement condition and change in RMI value after conducting preventive maintenance in lieu of resurfacing or overlaying. The results demonstrated that the effect of ASR grade increased as the RMI forecast year increased and that change in surface distress (△SD) increased with age (most intensively when the pavement was 15–20 years of age). Moreover, change in international roughness index (△IRI) increased with age and traffic volume (similarly within 15–20 years of pavement age). Hence, preventive maintenance is a must for sections with high traffic volume and age even if the RMI is low. Finally, performing repairs through preventive maintenance decreases the number of expressway sections requiring resurfacing and overlaying, thus extending the life of the concrete pavement.

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