scholarly journals Assessement of Independence and Cognitive Function in Acute Period after Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimonda Juodytė ◽  
Margarita Drozdova ◽  
Sigitas Mingaila
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Injury Research

Research background. According to the WHO, traumatic brain injury in 2020 will be one of the predominant causes of death and disability. Today, traumatic brain injury is a serious social problem, causing high morbidity and mortality, as well as high social costs. The most common traumatic head injury victims are young adults of productive age; that is why professional skills and the quality of health could be affected (Oliveira et al., 2012). The aim of the study was to evaluate independence and levels of cognitive functions of people with traumatic head brain injury. Research methods. Thirty four patients took part in the study. They were 51.5 ± 18.5 years old. The patients were selected according their diagnosis – traumatic head brain injury (S06-S06.9 according IDC-10) and being threated in hospitals (not longer than one week after hospitalization). Consciousness and neurological condition of patients were tested in the study according to Glasgow Coma Scale, independence skills – according to Functional Independence Measure, and cognitive function – according to Cognistat test. Research results. Analysing patients, with TBI, cognitive function disorders using Cognistat test, it was established that construction abilities and memory were the furtherst from the normal level and ability to repeat was the closest. Independence abilities were better while eating, hygiene procedures, going to the toilet, dressing up if cognitive functions were less impaired (p < 0.05). Conclussions. 1. For patients with mild or medium traumatic brain injury, cognitive functions are impaired, memory or construction abilities suffer most of all. 2. The most difficult task is to climb the stairs or wash themselves if patients get TBI. 3. Independence abilities depend on the level of TBI, but not on the level of cognitive function.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, cognitive functions, rehabilitation.

scholarly journals AMBARAN FUNGSI MEMORI PADA PASIEN CEDERA KEPALA TRAUMATIK DERAJAT SEDANG DENGAN EDEMA SEREBRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Suherman Suherman ◽  
Ipak Nistriana ◽  
Muhammad Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstrak. Latar Belakang Cedera kepala traumatik masih menjadi penyebab utama kecacatan dan kematian di dunia. Sebagian besar terjadi pada usia produktif. Efek sekunder dari cedera kepala adalah gangguan fungsi kognitif berupa fungsi memori, visuospasial, perhatian dan konsentrasi, bahasa, kalkulasi, dan orientasi. Masih sedikitnya penelitian tentang penilaian fungsi memori pada pasien cedera kepala di Indonesia. Tujuan Memaparkan gambaran penurunan fungsi kognitif terutama fungsi memori pada pasien cedera kepala derajat sedang dengan edema serebri.Metode Studi deskriptif dengan desain potong-lintang menggunakan kuesioner MMSE dan MoCA-INA sebagai modalitas penilaian.Hasil Dari 30 pasien cedera kepala traumatik derajat sedang didapatkan rerata skor MMSE adalah 27.1±2.13 (interval 20-29). Rerata skor MoCA-INA adalah 24.4±2.99 (interval 16-28). Kedua skor menunjukkan bahwa MoCA-INA memiliki rerata yang lebih rendah dan rentang skor yang lebih luas. Domain yang paling banyak terganggu adalah fungsi memori recall (98%)Kesimpulan Secara keseluruhan pasien dengan cedera kepala traumatik dengan edema serebri mengalami gangguan fungsi memori terutama area memori eksplisit berupa fungsi recall. Tatalaksana kuratif dan rehabilitatif secara adekuat dan berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhanKata Kunci Cedera Kepala Traumatik Derajat Sedang, Fungsi Memori, MMSE, MoCA-INAAbstract. Background Traumatic brain injury is still a major cause of disability and death. Most occur in productive age. Secondary effects of brain injury are impaired cognitive function in the form of memory, visuospatial, attention and concentration, language, calculation, and orientation. There are few research on the assessment of memory function in brain injury patients in Indonesia.Purpose To describes the decreasing cognitive function, particularly memory function in patients with moderate brain injury with cerebral edema.Method Descriptive study with cross-sectional design using MMSE and MoCA-INA questionnaires as assessment modalities.Results Of the 30 patients with moderate-grade traumatic head injury, the mean MMSE score was 27.1 ± 2.13 (intervals 20-29). The average MoCA-INA score is 24.4 ± 2.99 (intervals 16-28). Both scores indicate that the MoCA-INA has a lower mean and a wider score range. The most disturbed domain is recall memory function (96%)Conclusion Overall patients with traumatic brain injury with cerebral edema experience impaired memory function, especially the area of explicit memory in the form of recall function. Adequate and sustainable curative and rehabilitative management is needed to accelerate the healing process Keywords Traumatic Head Injury Moderate Level, Memory Function, MMSE, MoCA-INA 

scholarly journals Overview of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients at a Tertiary Trauma Centre

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine de Guise ◽  
Mitra Feyz ◽  
Joanne LeBlanc ◽  
Sylvain-Luc Richard ◽  
Julie Lamoureux
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Traumatic Amnesia ◽  
Post Traumatic

ABSTRACT:Objective:The goal of this study was to provide a general descriptive and cognitive portrait of a population with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at the time of their acute care stay.Material and methods:Three hundred and forty-eight TBI patients were assessed. The following data were collected for each patient: age, level of education, duration of post-traumatic amnesia, Galveston Orientation Amnesia Test score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, results of cerebral imaging, Neurobehavioral Rating Scale score, the Functional Independence Measure cognitive score and the Glasgow Outcome Scale score.Results:The clinical profile of the population revealed a mean age of 40.2 (±18.7) and a mean of 11.5 (±3.6) years of education. Most patients presented with frontal (57.6%) and temporal (40%) lesions. Sixty-two percent had post-traumatic amnesia of less than 24 hours. Seventy percent presented with mild TBI, 14% with moderate and 15% with severe TBI. The cognitive deficits most frequently observed on the Neurobehavioral Rating Scale were in the areas of attention, memory and mental flexibility as well as slowness and mental fatigability. Most patients had good cognitive outcome on the Functional Independence Measure and scores of 2 and 3 were frequent on the GOS. Forty-five percent of the patients returned home after discharge, 51.7% were referred to in or out patient rehabilitation and 3.2% were transferred to long-term care facilities.Conclusion:Because of the specialized mandate of acute care institutions, the information provided here concerning characteristics of our TBI population is essential for more efficient decision-making and planning/programming with regards to care and service delivery.

scholarly journals A Single-center Comparison Using Exoskeleton Rehabilitation for Cerebrovascular Accidents and Traumatic Brain Injury in a Cohort of Hispanic Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa R Treviño ◽  
Kristina Vatcheva ◽  
Michael E Auer ◽  
Angela Morales ◽  
Lama M Abdurrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Federal Drug Administration ◽  
Robotic Exoskeleton

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability in the United States. The EKSO GT Bionics® (EKSO®) is a robotic exoskeleton approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for rehabilitation following a cerebrovascular accident (CVA or stroke) and recently received approval for use in patients with TBI. The aim of the study was to examine if the use of exoskeleton rehabilitation in patients with TBI will produce beneficial outcomes. Methods This retrospective chart-review reports the use of the (EKSO®) robotic device in the rehabilitation of patients with TBI compared to patients with CVA. We utilized data from a single, private rehabilitation hospital for patients that received post-CVA or post-TBI robotic exoskeleton intervention. All patients that used the exoskeleton were discharged from the hospital between 01/01/2017 to 04/30/2020. Ninety-four percent of patients in the CVA groups and 100% of patients in the TBI group were of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Gains in total Functional Independence Measure (FIM), walking and cognition, and length of stay in the rehabilitation facility were measured. Results Patients in the TBI group (n = 11) were significantly younger than the patients in the CVA group (n = 66; p < 0.05). Both groups spent a similar amount of time active, number of steps taken, and the number of sessions in the exoskeleton. Both groups also started with similar admission FIM scores. The FIM gain in the TBI group was similar to that of the CVA group (37.5 and 32.0 respectively). The length of stay between groups was not different either. Conclusions The use of exoskeleton rehabilitation in patients with TBI appear to produce similar outcomes as for patients with CVA, prompting further attention of this intervention for this type of injury. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered on 07/09/2020 in clinicaltrials.gov number NCT4465019.

scholarly journals Outcome in Women with Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to a Level 1 Trauma Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Elaine de Guise ◽  
Joanne LeBlanc ◽  
Jehane Dagher ◽  
Simon Tinawi ◽  
Julie Lamoureux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Discharge Destination ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Level 1 Trauma Center

Background. The aim of this study was to compare acute outcome between men and women after sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods. A total of 5,642 patients admitted to the Traumatic Brain Injury Program of the McGill University Health Centre-Montreal General Hospital between 2000 and 2011 and diagnosed with a TBI were included in the study. The overall percentage of women with TBI was 30.6% (n= 1728). Outcome measures included the length of stay (LOS), the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE), the functional independence measure instrument (FIM), discharge destination, and mortality rate. Results. LOS, GOSE, the FIM ratings, and discharge destination did not show significant differences between genders once controlling for several confounding variables and running the appropriate diagnostic tests (P<0.05). However, women had less chance of dying during their acute care hospitalization than men of the same age, with the same TBI severity and following the same mechanism of injury. Although gender was a statistically significant predictor, its contribution in explaining variation in mortality was small. Conclusion. More research is needed to better understand gender differences in mortality; as to date, the research findings remain inconclusive.

In Situ Hinge Craniectomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. ONS-255-ONS-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Ko ◽  
Scott Segan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Bone Flap ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Refrigeration Storage ◽  
Minor Procedure

Abstract Objective: To describe an optional method for performing decompressive craniectomy using in situ hinge craniectomy technique in patients with traumatic brain injury and stroke. Methods: Sixteen patients underwent surgery for treatment of presenting pathology followed by the placement of hinge craniectomy. The technique is detailed. Results: Six patients with traumatic head injury and 10 with stroke underwent treatment of their primary pathologies with subsequent hinge craniectomy. Of these patients, more than half underwent refixation of the hinge in a minor procedure after recovery. No patient had complications related to this technique and none required further cranial decompression. In patients with intracranial pressure monitoring, all displayed values in the normal range. Conclusion: In this limited study, in situ hinge craniectomy proved useful in the treatment of patients experiencing stroke or traumatic brain injury. This procedure has the potential to eliminate the additional second incision to explant the bone flap or the refrigeration storage of the bone flap. Also, the second operation to restore the cranial contour by reimplanting the bone flap or by the creation of a cranioplasty with artificial material would not be necessary.

scholarly journals Early Bifrontal Brain Injury: Disturbances in Cognitive Function Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Bonnier ◽  
Aurélie Costet ◽  
Ghassan Hmaimess ◽  
Corinne Catale ◽  
Christelle Maillart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
The Other ◽  
Frontal Brain ◽  
Executive Deficits

We describe six psychomotor, language, and neuropsychological sequential developmental evaluations in a boy who sustained a severe bifrontal traumatic brain injury (TBI) at 19 months of age. Visuospatial, drawing, and writing skills failed to develop normally. Gradually increasing difficulties were noted in language leading to reading and spontaneous speech difficulties. The last two evaluations showed executive deficits in inhibition, flexibility, and working memory. Those executive abnormalities seemed to be involved in the other impairments. In conclusion, early frontal brain injury disorganizes the development of cognitive functions, and interactions exist between executive function and other cognitive functions during development.

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