scholarly journals AMBARAN FUNGSI MEMORI PADA PASIEN CEDERA KEPALA TRAUMATIK DERAJAT SEDANG DENGAN EDEMA SEREBRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Suherman Suherman ◽  
Ipak Nistriana ◽  
Muhammad Rizky
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstrak. Latar Belakang Cedera kepala traumatik masih menjadi penyebab utama kecacatan dan kematian di dunia. Sebagian besar terjadi pada usia produktif. Efek sekunder dari cedera kepala adalah gangguan fungsi kognitif berupa fungsi memori, visuospasial, perhatian dan konsentrasi, bahasa, kalkulasi, dan orientasi. Masih sedikitnya penelitian tentang penilaian fungsi memori pada pasien cedera kepala di Indonesia. Tujuan Memaparkan gambaran penurunan fungsi kognitif terutama fungsi memori pada pasien cedera kepala derajat sedang dengan edema serebri.Metode Studi deskriptif dengan desain potong-lintang menggunakan kuesioner MMSE dan MoCA-INA sebagai modalitas penilaian.Hasil Dari 30 pasien cedera kepala traumatik derajat sedang didapatkan rerata skor MMSE adalah 27.1±2.13 (interval 20-29). Rerata skor MoCA-INA adalah 24.4±2.99 (interval 16-28). Kedua skor menunjukkan bahwa MoCA-INA memiliki rerata yang lebih rendah dan rentang skor yang lebih luas. Domain yang paling banyak terganggu adalah fungsi memori recall (98%)Kesimpulan Secara keseluruhan pasien dengan cedera kepala traumatik dengan edema serebri mengalami gangguan fungsi memori terutama area memori eksplisit berupa fungsi recall. Tatalaksana kuratif dan rehabilitatif secara adekuat dan berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhanKata Kunci Cedera Kepala Traumatik Derajat Sedang, Fungsi Memori, MMSE, MoCA-INAAbstract. Background Traumatic brain injury is still a major cause of disability and death. Most occur in productive age. Secondary effects of brain injury are impaired cognitive function in the form of memory, visuospatial, attention and concentration, language, calculation, and orientation. There are few research on the assessment of memory function in brain injury patients in Indonesia.Purpose To describes the decreasing cognitive function, particularly memory function in patients with moderate brain injury with cerebral edema.Method Descriptive study with cross-sectional design using MMSE and MoCA-INA questionnaires as assessment modalities.Results Of the 30 patients with moderate-grade traumatic head injury, the mean MMSE score was 27.1 ± 2.13 (intervals 20-29). The average MoCA-INA score is 24.4 ± 2.99 (intervals 16-28). Both scores indicate that the MoCA-INA has a lower mean and a wider score range. The most disturbed domain is recall memory function (96%)Conclusion Overall patients with traumatic brain injury with cerebral edema experience impaired memory function, especially the area of explicit memory in the form of recall function. Adequate and sustainable curative and rehabilitative management is needed to accelerate the healing process Keywords Traumatic Head Injury Moderate Level, Memory Function, MMSE, MoCA-INA 

scholarly journals Application and Limitations of Hypothermia Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury(Traumatic Head Injury Update)

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 873-879
Author(s):  
Eiichi Suehiro ◽  
Hirosuke Fujisawa ◽  
Hiroyasu Koizumi ◽  
Hiroshi Yoneda ◽  
Hideyuki Ishihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head

scholarly journals Correlation between neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio and outcomes of severe traumatic head injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Tamajyoti Ghosh ◽  
Subir Dey
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Traumatic Head

Background: Raised peripheral neutrophil lymphocyte ratio is associated with poorer outcomes in conditions such as severe brain injury, ICH, cardiovascular conditions, cancer.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 96 severe Traumatic Brain injury data treated at our institute over a period of 1 year. The patients were followed up for a period of at least 1 month. The primary outcome of the study was 1 month GOS and the various variables which may be associated with the poor GOS at 1 month follow up. Model based analysis was done for NLCR <24 hrs at 48 hrs and GCS at the time of presentation and discriminative ability of the models were studied by the Area under the curve.Results: Univariate analysis were done of 96 patients of severe traumatic brain injury for various variables such as age, sex, mode of head injury, type of head injury, presenting GCS and NLCR at 24 hrs and 48 hrs to that of GOS at 1 month follow up. Initial GCS <7 (p=0.0138) with AUC=0.6689 and peak NLCR (<24 hr) of > 9.6 (AUC=0.931) with a p value of <0.001 with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 79.27% and peak NLCR (48 hrs) of >12.4 (AUC= 0.973) with a p value of <0.001 with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 89.02% were associated with unfavourable outcome.Conclusions: High NLCR and initial poor GCS are independent unfavourable prognostic factors in 1 month GOS following severe traumatic head injury.

scholarly journals Outcome of traumatic head injury in unknown patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Ankit Ahuja ◽  
Siddhartha Verma ◽  
Aditya Narayan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Gcs Score ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Time Of Admission

Background: Traumatic brain injury is the most common cause of death in trauma victims accounting for about half of deaths at the accident site. Most commonly, traumatic brain injury occurs in the presence of additional injuries to other major organ systems, but it can also occur in isolation. Complications from closed head injuries are the single largest cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who reach the hospital alive. The objective of this study was to determine the outcome of traumatic head injury in patients admitted in the Department of Neurosurgery as unknown.Methods: All patients admitted as “unknown” to Neurosurgery department with traumatic head injury were studied retrospectively. Data was collected regarding demography, mode of injury, clinical presentation at the time of admission, management and outcome of these patients.Results: Data pertaining to 107 unknown patients were collected. Most patients were found to be males in 3rd decade of their lives with vehicular accidents as the common mode of injury. Patients presenting with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score <8 at the time of admission had poor outcome and associated with higher mortality. Intra-cranial hemorrhage were predominantly found on CT scan. Only one-third of the patients were discharged after treatment while half of them suffered untimely death.Conclusions: Outcome of these neglected patients is poorer in comparison to patients who are accompanied by their relatives. Their management from pre-hospital to treatment and discharge from hospital is fraught with challenges. They need special care from trained nursing staff as well as help from social workers for recovery and rehabilitation.

scholarly journals An Epidemiological Study of Traumatic Head Injury in a Tertiary Care Center in Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
K. Myl Kumaran ◽  
Pragadeesh Raja ◽  
M. Jasmine
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traumatic Head

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury is a major public health problem in India. The severity of a traumatic brain injury may range from mild to severe. The increase in economic growth in India coupled with rise in population, motorization and industrialization has contributed to a significant increase in TBI with each advancing year. India having the highest rate of head injury in the world. In India more than 100000 lives are lost every year with over 1 million suffering from serious head injury. Objectives: To assess the risk factors among for head injury cases and assess the outcome of the traumatic brain injury patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional Study conducted among all patients with traumatic head injury attending tertiary care centre and those admitted in intensive care unit with the history of traumatic head injury for the duration of one year (August 2016 to July 2017). Data was collected through questionnaire, hospital records and collected from patients. Data Collected was entered in MS office excel and analyzed in SPSS version 21. Results: Totally 295 cases were reported with history of traumatic brain injury, out of which 82.7% were males and 17.3% were females. Road traffic accidents was the most common cause for TBI 86.4%. Most of the patient was between the age group of 21-40 (51.5%). Most of the cases were from rural areas 55.3%. Based on GCS 49.5%, 28.5% and 22.0% patients had mild, moderate and severe injury respectively. 44.7% injuries occurred between the time period 04.00PM to 12.00AM. Conclusion: This study revealed that most traumatic head injury occur due to Road traffic accident stressing the urgent need to create awareness and conduct health education about prevention of traumatic head injury.

scholarly journals Assessement of Independence and Cognitive Function in Acute Period after Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimonda Juodytė ◽  
Margarita Drozdova ◽  
Sigitas Mingaila
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Injury Research

Research background. According to the WHO, traumatic brain injury in 2020 will be one of the predominant causes of death and disability. Today, traumatic brain injury is a serious social problem, causing high morbidity and mortality, as well as high social costs. The most common traumatic head injury victims are young adults of productive age; that is why professional skills and the quality of health could be affected (Oliveira et al., 2012). The aim of the study was to evaluate independence and levels of cognitive functions of people with traumatic head brain injury. Research methods. Thirty four patients took part in the study. They were 51.5 ± 18.5 years old. The patients were selected according their diagnosis – traumatic head brain injury (S06-S06.9 according IDC-10) and being threated in hospitals (not longer than one week after hospitalization). Consciousness and neurological condition of patients were tested in the study according to Glasgow Coma Scale, independence skills – according to Functional Independence Measure, and cognitive function – according to Cognistat test. Research results. Analysing patients, with TBI, cognitive function disorders using Cognistat test, it was established that construction abilities and memory were the furtherst from the normal level and ability to repeat was the closest. Independence abilities were better while eating, hygiene procedures, going to the toilet, dressing up if cognitive functions were less impaired (p < 0.05). Conclussions. 1. For patients with mild or medium traumatic brain injury, cognitive functions are impaired, memory or construction abilities suffer most of all. 2. The most difficult task is to climb the stairs or wash themselves if patients get TBI. 3. Independence abilities depend on the level of TBI, but not on the level of cognitive function.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, cognitive functions, rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Etiological Factors of Extradural Haematoma: Experience of 80 Cases in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Md. Abdus Salam ◽  
Md. Shafiul Alam ◽  
Kalim Uddin ◽  
Md. Ashraful Haque ◽  
Md. Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Extradural Haematoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Traumatic Head

Background: Extradural haematoma is due to different etiologies.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the etiological factors of extradural haematoma.Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and half months. All patients who underwent surgery with traumatic head injury having extradural haematoma were included in the study. At admission, a detailed history of the illness was taken from the patients/patient’s attendants by face-to-face interview with the help of a preformed questionnaire. Questionnaire was prepared with key variables like age, sex and mode of injury.Result: Eighty (80) patients of traumatic head injury within and after 24 hours of head injury were enrolled in this study. 20(25.1%) patients were present in age group of 11 to 20 years. 19(23.8%) patients were in age group of 21-30 years. 20(25.1%) patients were present in age group of 31 to 40 years. Male was predominant than female which was 60(75.0%) cases and 20(25.0%) cases respectively. The most common mode of injury was road traffic accident which was 51(63.7%) cases followed by fall from height and assault which were 16(20.0%) cases and 13(16.3%) cases respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion RTA is the most common cause of extradural haematoma.Journal of Science Foundation, July 2016;14(2):44-48

In Situ Hinge Craniectomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. ONS-255-ONS-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Ko ◽  
Scott Segan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Bone Flap ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Traumatic Head Injury ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Refrigeration Storage ◽  
Minor Procedure

Abstract Objective: To describe an optional method for performing decompressive craniectomy using in situ hinge craniectomy technique in patients with traumatic brain injury and stroke. Methods: Sixteen patients underwent surgery for treatment of presenting pathology followed by the placement of hinge craniectomy. The technique is detailed. Results: Six patients with traumatic head injury and 10 with stroke underwent treatment of their primary pathologies with subsequent hinge craniectomy. Of these patients, more than half underwent refixation of the hinge in a minor procedure after recovery. No patient had complications related to this technique and none required further cranial decompression. In patients with intracranial pressure monitoring, all displayed values in the normal range. Conclusion: In this limited study, in situ hinge craniectomy proved useful in the treatment of patients experiencing stroke or traumatic brain injury. This procedure has the potential to eliminate the additional second incision to explant the bone flap or the refrigeration storage of the bone flap. Also, the second operation to restore the cranial contour by reimplanting the bone flap or by the creation of a cranioplasty with artificial material would not be necessary.

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