Francis Hamilton and the freshwater stingrays described in his Gangetic fishes (1822)

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
TYSON R. ROBERTS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Definite Evidence ◽  
Asiatic Society ◽  
Two New Species

Direct evidence bearing on identification of the two new species of Gangetic stingrays named Raia fluviatilis and R. sancur by Hamilton, 1822 comprises 1) the first written account by Hamilton (then Buchanan) of his encounters with Gangetic stingrays in 1807–1813, written at the time in manuscript, but not published until 1877; 2) Hamilton's accounts of Raia fluviatilis and Raia sancur published in 1822; 3) Hamilton drawing IV 7 in the archives of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (never published, original now lost); and 4) Hamilton drawing IV 65 in the same archives (published by Hora, 1929, original now lost; this drawing is not a copy or a version of drawing IV 7). The description of R. sancur clearly is based on a species of the genus Pastinachus. Drawing IV 7 presumably is the unfinished drawing of R. sancur mentioned by Hamilton, 1822, and is therefore also of a Pastinachus. Drawing IV 65, not mentioned by Hamilton, a complete drawing with dorsal and ventral views of a newborn male Pastinachus with an intact sting, is identified as based on Raia fluviatilis. Pending revision of the genus Pastinachus, the Gangetic species is tentatively identified as P. sephen (Forsskål, 1775). Identification of Raia fluviatilis with a large freshwater species of Gangetic Himantura advocated by Annandale, 1910; Chaudhuri, 1912; Compagno and Cook, 1996; and Zorzi, 1996 is based on unwarranted assumptions. There is no definite evidence that Hamilton ever saw a Gangetic Himantura. Himantura chaophraya Monkolprasit and Roberts, 1990 is the only available name applicable to huge large tropical Asian freshwater stingrays of the dasyatid genus Himantura. No specimens of Gangetic Himantura exist in present museum collections.

Two new species of Megophrys Kuhl & van Hasselt (Amphibia: Megophryidae), from western Thailand and southern Cambodia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2734 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN MAHONY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Tak Province ◽  
Respective Type

Two new species of the genus Megophrys are described from historical collections presented by Malcolm A. Smith to The Natural History Museum, London, in the early twentieth century. These specimens were previously misidentified as Megophrys parva, a widespread Asian species apparently comprised of a species complex. Megophrys damrei sp. nov., from the Bokor Plateau in the Cardamom Mountains of southern Cambodia and Megophrys takensis sp. nov., from Ban Pa Che, Tak Province, in western Thailand, are herein distinguished morphologically from all congeners from their respective and neighbouring countries. These, or further specimens representing either species, do not appear to have been reported on by other authors in the past and the conservation status of the two new species remains to be assessed. An attempt to locate both species at and near their respective type localities was successful for Megophrys takensis sp. nov., allowing the documentation of observations in the wild and live colouration. This study highlights the importance of examining historical museum collections often overlooked in recent decades by modern taxonomists.

Reappraisal of Australian freshwater bryozoans with two new species of Plumatella (Ectoprocta : Phylactolaemata)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S. Wood
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Bryozoan Species ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
New Material ◽  
Lophopodella Carteri ◽  
Australian Freshwater ◽  
Fredericella Sultana

Of the 10 species of freshwater bryozoans previously reported from Australia, only Fredericella australiensis, Hyalinella lendenfeldi and Lophopodella carteri can be positively confirmed from existing preserved material. From a survey of all known museum collections of freshwater bryozoans comes compelling evidence that a specimen labelled ‘Plumatella toanensis’ is actually Hyalinella lendenfeldi, including the only known statoblasts of this species. Plumatella agilis is recognised tentatively pending new material. Fredericella sultana, Plumatella emarginata and P. repens are not represented by any known specimens, although they are likely to occur in Australia. Hyalinella punctata and Gelatinella toanensis have been previously reported in error. Two other previously misidentified specimens, including Hyalinella vaihiriae, are now reported as new species: Plumatella velata and P. rieki. A taxonomic key is given for Australian freshwater bryozoan species, including species both verified from Australia and others only presumed to occur there.

Two new species of Hyalella (Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) from Brazil

Crustaceana ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 802-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra A. P. Bueno ◽  
Paula B. Araujo ◽  
Giovanna M. Cardoso ◽  
Kelly M. Gomes ◽  
Georgina Bond-Buckup
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The State ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Polygonal Pattern ◽  
Cuticular Structures

Two new freshwater species of amphipods from Brazil are described here. Hyalella xakriaba n. sp. occurs in the hydrographic basin of the São Francisco River, in a biome characterized by a semiarid climate, in the state of Minas Gerais. This new species constitutes the northernmost record of the genus in Brazil. Hyalella kaingang n. sp. occurs in the hydrographic basin of the Mampituba River, located in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state in Brazil. Currently 14 species of Hyalella are known in Brazil, cave species among them. Some morphological characters and their respective states are analyzed, and constitute an important new tool for species identifications. In particular, we describe the cuticular structures, defined as denticles, on the distal inner margin of the carpus of gnathopods 1 and 2. These structures may have a polygonal pattern or appear as comb scales, and may be arranged in one or more rows.

Two New Species of Bibloplectus Reitter (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from the Orlando Park Collection, Field Museum of Natural History

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4407 (2) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
BRITTANY E. OWENS ◽  
CHRISTOPHER E. CARLTON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Field Museum ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Species Type

Two new species of Bibloplectus Reitter, 1881 are described from the Orlando Park Collection of Pselaphinae at the FMNH (Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA): Bibloplectus silvestris Owens and Carlton, new species (type locality, Urbana, IL, USA) and Bibloplectus wingi Owens and Carlton, new species (type locality, Shades State Park, IN, USA). Types of these new species were part of a series of specimens bearing unpublished Park manuscript names in both the pinned and slide collection at the FMNH. They bring the total number of species in the genus in eastern North America to twenty-three. Resolving these manuscript names adds to previous efforts to uncover elements of the hidden diversity of North American Bibloplectus from museum collections (Owens and Carlton 2016, Owens and Carlton 2017) and highlights the importance of close examination of the Orlando Park pselaphine collection as a valuable historic and taxonomic resource. 

scholarly journals Two New Species of Parastenocaris (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from a Hyporheic Zone and Overview of the Present Knowledge on Stygobiotic Copepoda in Vietnam

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Ngoc-Son Tran ◽  
Mau Trinh-Dang ◽  
Anton Brancelj
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Hyporheic Zone ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Apical Seta ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Caudal Rami

The number of freshwater species belonging to the genus Parastenocaris reported from ten countries of Southeast Asia is quite limited. Only two species have been reported so far from freshwater habitats there, compared to over 290 described species of the family Parastenocarididae worldwide. During the first study of the hyporheic zone of two small rivers in central Vietnam, two new species of the family Parastenocarididae were collected, Parastenocaris sontraensis sp. nov. and Parastencaris vugiaensis sp. nov. Both were collected from the gravel bar along the rivers (Suoi Da and Vu Gia river) using the Karaman–Chappuis method. Both the new species belong to the brevipes group of the genus Parastenocaris Kessler, 1913 sensu Lang (1948), and Reid (1995). Parastenocaris sontraensis sp. nov. is similar to P. hinumaensis Kikuchi, 1970 and Parastenocaris jane Karanovic, 2006 in the brevipes-group. Parastenocaris sontraensis sp. nov. differs from both Parastenocaris species by (i) Exp P3 with three segments in the male, (ii) caudal rami with seven setae, and (iii) caudal rami about 2.4 times as long as wide. Parastencaris vugiaensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the unique combination of the following characters: (i) the elliptical shape of caudal rami, (ii) apical seta (V) with bulbous base, and (iii) anal operculum extends beyond the end of anal somite. Until now, 14 stygobiotic species of Copepoda have been recorded in Vietnam (including two new species in this paper), which is relatively few compared with nearby Thailand with 25 species. Short comments on other stygobiotic Copepoda from Vietnam are added.

scholarly journals Two extremely rare new species of fossorial salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Plethodontidae) from northwestern Ecuador

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9934
Author(s):  
Carolina Reyes-Puig ◽  
David B. Wake ◽  
Ramachandran Kotharambath ◽  
Jeffrey W. Streicher ◽  
Claudia Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
The Third ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phalangeal Formula ◽  
Specific Identity

We describe two new species of salamanders of the genus Oedipina, subgenus Oedopinola, from two localities on the northwestern foothills of Ecuador, at elevations between 921 and 1,067 m. These are the southernmost members of the genus. We examined different museum collections and we found just three specimens of Oedipina from Ecuador, obtained throughout the history of herpetological collections in the country. We identify two of the three specimens as new species, but refrain from assigning a specific identity to the third, pending further study. Oedipina villamizariorum sp. n. is a medium-sized member of the genus, with a narrow, relatively pointed head and blunt snout; dorsolaterally oriented eyes, moderate in size; and digits that are moderately long and having pointed tips. Oedipina ecuatoriana sp. n., somewhat larger, has a narrow head and broadly rounded snout; this new species differs from all known Oedipina by the distinctive presence of paired prefrontal bones and a reduced phalangeal formula: 0-0-1-0; 0-1-2-1-1. We provide detailed descriptions of the osteology of both new species. Finally, we present a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus, including one of the two new species, based on partial sequences of mitochondrial DNA.

Two new species of hermit crabs of the genus Areopaguristes Rahayu & McLaughlin, 2010 (Crustacea: Anomura: Paguroidea: Diogenidae) from the eastern tropical Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3407 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
MANUEL AYÓN-PARENTE ◽  
MICHEL E. HENDRICKX
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Distal Margin ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Median Cleft

The genus Areopaguristes Rahayu & McLaughlin, 2010 is represented in the eastern Pacific by a single species, A.mclaughlinae (Ayón-Parente & Hendrickx, 2006). Based on material recently collected in the Gulf of California, Mexico,and held in museum collections, two new species of this genus are described. Areopaguristes lemaitrei sp. nov. and A.waldoschmitti sp. nov. Both have the typical 12 gills of the genus. In addition to its color pattern, A. lemaitrei sp. nov. isdistinguished by the presence of corneous-tipped spines on palm and fingers, a broadly rounded rostrum shorter than lat-eral projections, and by the shape of the external lobe of the first pleopod. Areopaguristes waldoschmitti sp. nov. also fea-tures a distinctive color pattern, a less spinous armature of chelipeds, antennular peduncles proporcionally longer andantennal acicle shorter, a deep median cleft on the posterior margin of telson, and the distal margin of the inferior lamella of the first male pleopod is unarmed; this last character separates A. waldoschmtti sp. nov. from all its congeners.

The genus Surinamysis (Mysida, Mysidae, Diamysini) from Amazonia and the coast of Brazil, with descriptions of two new species

Crustaceana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl J. Wittmann
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Old World ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
Rio Negro ◽  
Two New Species

The mysid Surinamysis rionegrensis sp. nov. is described from Rio Negro, a large freshwater tributary of the Amazon. A supplemented description is given for the freshwater species S. robertsonae Bamber & Henderson, 1990, and its known distribution within the Amazon system is amended. A further representative of this genus, S. aestuaria sp. nov., is described from brackish waters within the estuary system of Rio Quatipuru on the NE coast of Brazil. These three species share large statoliths mineralized with vaterite, a metastable polymorph of crystalline calcium carbonate. Among the three flagella of the male antennula, the median, ventral one is identified as an accessory flagellum, as opposed to the Old World genera Mesopodopsis and Limnomysis, where the inner flagellum or lobe is accessory. The distinctive characters of Surinamysis and its five species are presented. The diagnosis of this genus is modified and a key to its species is given.

Two new freshwater species of Bacillaria (Bacillariophyta) from Dongting Lake, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 513 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-256
Author(s):  
JI-YAN LONG ◽  
DAVID M. WILLIAMS ◽  
BING LIU ◽  
YANG-YAN ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dongting Lake ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Freshwater Habitat ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species in the genus Bacillaria, B. sinensis sp. nov. and B. dongtingensis sp. nov., are described from Dongting Lake, China. Both share the linear-lanceolate valve outline and the fault sites (i.e., branching and/or fusion of transapical ribs), the latter a character of the genus. Even though B. sinensis and B. dongtingensis are found at the same specific locality (sympatric), they differ by two characters: (1) the valves of B. sinensis have asymmetrical flanges on both sides of the raphe, while the raphe flange of B. dongtingensis is only on one side of the raphe; and (2) the valves of B. sinensis lack spines on the valve margins while B. dongtingensis has spines on both margins. Bacillaria sinensis and B. dongtingensis both possess two forms of fault sites on the same valves, i.e., they have both branching of transapical ribs and fusion of transapical ribs on the broader side of valve. This feature is not found in other species of Bacillaria, so it is unique. Bacillaria sinensis and B. dongtingensis are the first two species of Bacillaria reported from a typical and ‘normal’ freshwater habitat.

scholarly journals Redescription of Chrysidea pumiloides Zimmermann, 1956, and description of three new species of Chrysidea from Madagascar (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiharu Mita ◽  
Paolo Rosa
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Three New Species

Chrysidea pumiloides Zimmermann, 1956 and its Malagasy allies are taxonomically revised. As a result, C. pumiloides and C. phoebe Zimmermann, 1956 are redescribed; two new species, C. vazimba sp. nov. and C. merina sp. nov., are described from museum collections, and another new species, C. rioae sp. nov., is described based on a male recently collected in Southern Madagascar, at Berenty Reserve. The habitus of the holotypes and the male genitalia are illustrated and the key to Malagasy Chrysidea Bischoff, 1913 is updated.

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