Islamic Modernism, Political Reform and the Arabisation of Education: The Relationship between Moroccan Nationalists and al-Azhar University

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Wainscott
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Religious Reform ◽  
Ideological Position ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Islamic Modernism

This chapter studies the impact of al Azhar University on the Moroccan nationalist movement and specifically its independence leader Allal al Fasi, whose ten-year exile in Egypt exposed him to the ideas of Muhammad Abduh and influenced the ideological position of the Moroccan independence party, Istiqlal. The chapter emphasises the impact that Abduh's ideas had on the educational policies of the independence party and their continued importance in Moroccan educational politics throughout the twentieth century. Graduates of the university, including Abdullah ibn Idris al Sanusi and Abu Shu'ayb al Dukkali, brought ideas of Islamic modernism back to Morocco. These ideas were shared with Moroccan religious students through lectures at the Qarawiyyin University in Fez and flourished into a movement for religious reform.

Friends in high places : two essays on the importance of corporate political connections

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Reza Houston
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Offering ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] This study is an examination of the relationship between political connections and the undertaking of major firm events. In our first essay, presented in Chapter 3, we examine the impact politically connected appointments have on firm acquisition behavior. Using proxy statements, we create a unique database of politically connected bidders and merger targets. We find that bidders who hire connected individuals to the board or management team are more likely to avoid merger litigation. Connected bidders make more bids after the appointment. These firms also bid on larger targets. We determine there is a positive relation between the control premium and the relative of the target's connections. Connected acquirers have superior post-merger accounting performance, particularly when they acquire a connected target firm. In the second essay, presented in Chapter 4, we examine the relationship between political connections of private firms and the initial public offering process. Using registration statement information, we create a unique database of politically connected IPO firms. We find that political connections are substitutes to high-quality underwriters and big four auditors. Politically connected firms manage earnings more highly upward than non-connected firms prior to the public offering. Politically connected firms also exhibit less underpricing than non-connected firms. Politically connected IPO firms also have superior post-IPO returns relative to non-connected IPO firms.

scholarly journals Family Climate Patterns and Its Relationship with Self-Concept among Students at the University of Islamic Sciences in light of the Variables of Gender and Age

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Fatima Mohammad Rashed Al Talahin ◽  
Hana Khaled Al –Raqqad ◽  
Eman Saeed Al- Bourini ◽  
Bilal Adel Al-Kateeb
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Climate Patterns ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between self-concept and patterns of family climate among students at the University of Islamic Sciences, and also aimed to investigate the effect of gender and age on this relationship.The sample of the study consisted of a group of students were selected randomly, totaling (139) students; (58) male and (81) female students.Two questionnaires were distributed on 139 students. The first questionnaire was on the impact of patterns of family climate on self-concept and the second one about self-concept. Then the researcher analyzed the results of each item in the questionnaire using appropriated statistical methods, calculated the correlation between self-concept and patterns of family climate using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and G-test to find the difference between correlation coefficients.The results showed a positive statistical significance relationship between family climate patterns on one hand and between self-concept in all its dimensions on the other hand.

scholarly journals Antecedents of organizational identification: implications for employee performance

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Wajiha Kazmi ◽  
Syeda Tuba Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Supervisor Support ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of three determinants of organizational identification (OID) on employee performance (EP) in the context of private business institutions. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 175 permanent faculty members from four top universities in Karachi, Pakistan, was interviewed using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The data were inserted in SPSS 22 and SmartPLS v 3.2 for performing the analysis. Findings Results of the study showed a significant effect in perceived supervisor support on OID; OID; job satisfaction and EP; and mediating relationship. Conversely, an insignificant effect was observed in workplace incivility. Research limitations/implications It is highly recommended that organizations work on the areas that lead to enhancing their employees’ performance. Also, human resource should create a healthy culture that promotes initiatives, open-door policies and discourages power distance. Lastly, one of the key responsibilities of management is to strengthen their OID because employees are more likely to identify with their supervisors if they invest in the organizations they work for. Practical implications This study will help strengthen the relationship between supervisors and university employees. It will guide the supervisors to acknowledge and appreciate the efforts of their subordinates and develop recreational policies and employee engagement activities. In addition, it will help develop a conducive environment and enhance the quality of education in the university and the society. Originality/value Understanding the determinants of OID on EP in the educational context is very important as it enhances the quality of EP and the overall quality of education of the institution.

scholarly journals Monetary Stabilization Policy in the Coronacrisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kotcofana ◽  
Anastasiya Titova ◽  
Armen Altunyan
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Stabilization Policy ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Research background: In 2020, all the world's economies faced a new, special phenomenon – the coronacrisis caused by the pandemic, and with the fall of most economic indicators. In the current conditions, it is extremely important to build a competent monetary policy in order to soften the "blows" caused by the global recession for national economies. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the presented article is the analysis of measures to stimulate the economy using monetary policy instruments in the conditions of the coronacrisis. Methods: To conduct the study, we used official statistics data, on the basis of which an econometric model was built, which allowed us to determine the forecast values for inflation, taking into account the impact of monetary and non-monetary factors. Findings & Value added: The econometric analysis show the high importance of non-monetary factors of inflation. This makes it difficult to assess the monetary policy, since Central banks are able to influence non-monetary factors only indirectly. The paper notes the influence of the refinancing rate on loans to the real sector of the economy, since the stabilization monetary policy should be primarily aimed at maintaining economic growth. The correlation field of the relationship between the index of rigidity of restrictions developed by the University of Oxford and loans to small and medium-sized businesses is constructed. It is noted that with the reduction of administrative restrictions, the volume of loans granted to small and medium-sized businesses increases.

Fostering positive adjustment behaviour: Social connectedness, achievement motivation and emotional-social learning among male and female university students

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fared Jdaitawi Turki ◽  
Malek Jdaitawi ◽  
Hani Sheta
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Student Adjustment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
University Environment ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although some attention has been given to student issues at university, the literature on the relationship between social connectedness, achievement motivation and emotional-social learning with student adjustment is relatively limited. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of social connectedness, achievement motivation and emotional-social learning upon the adjustment of students in a university context. In addition, this study looks into the differences in achievement motivation and emotional-social learning levels between the genders. The sample comprised 240 university students, both male and female. According to the findings, the relationship between the study variables does not significantly differ between genders. Emotional-social learning is significant in terms of predicting the adjustment. Furthermore, gender differences were noted in terms of emotional-social learning levels, but not in terms of achievement motivation and social connectedness. The study explores implications of the significance of emotional-social learning in the university environment and makes recommendations in light of these implications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Status of Entrepreneurship in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Fallah ◽  
S. Saffarian ◽  
Majid Hassanzade
Keyword(s):  
Social Needs ◽  
University Education ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Nowadays, universities are not only the place for producing knowledge, but also they must take steps to adopt global standards in order to play their role in meeting social needs. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of university education globalization on entrepreneurship and Knowledge-Based companies and presenting the model. Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical type with two qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase of the research, six experts and professionals related to the research topic selected by snowball sampling method were interviewed and the data obtained from these interviews was analyzed by using Strauss and Corbin's three-step coding method, and the related questionnaire was designed. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was provided for 384   University professors   of the universities of Medical Sciences of Ferdowsi, and Azad university of Mashhad, selected by stratified random sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistics and SPSS-19 and Smart PLS-3 software were used to analyze the data. Results: According to the research findings, 293 participants were men and almost half of them had a bachelor's degree. Also, the significance level for the relationship between the university educations globalization and entrepreneurship, the relationship between the university education globalization on the development of Knowledge-Based companies and, finally the relationship between entrepreneurship and the development of Knowledge-Based companies were reported less than 0.05, as a result of which it can be said that there is a significant relationship between these variables. Conclusion: Regarding the role of Knowledge-Based companies in the economic and scientific development of countries and the impact of universities on supporting these companies, it is suggested that universities, by approximating themselves to the global criteria, play their role in advancing this route.

Rashid Rida’s Efforts in Calling for Muslim Unity and Political Reform

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-189
Author(s):  
Nayel Musa Shaker Al Omari
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Religious Reform ◽  
Present Discussion ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Conditions

This paper is an attempt to cover some aspects of MuÍammad RashÊd RiÌÉ's role in political and religious reform during the first half of the twentieth century. It endeavours to answer enquiries regarding the degree of his involvement in political thought as well as in the vital historical transformations that the Islamic world was undergoing during that period. The writer has chosen RiÌÉ as the subject of the present discussion because he is considered one of those reformers whose call for reform and Muslim unity was envisioned within the framework of the Islamic caliphate under the guidance of the values and goals of the Holy Qur’Én. In addition, in his book ØaÍwat al-Rajul al-MarÊÌ wa al SulÏÉn ÑAbd al-×amÊd al-ThÉnÊ wa al-KhilÉfah al-IslÉmiyyah (1984), Muwaffaq BanÊ al-Marjah claimed Rida was influenced by Masoniry. This paper proves that he was not influenced by the Masonic and colonialist ideas that were widespread during that period and which were adopted by some reformers. These ideas called for abolishing and dividing the Ottoman caliphate and establishing a new one. In his discussion, the writer shall briefly address RiÌÉ’s educational and political role and his stance toward al-Azhar and the translation of the Holy Qur’Én. Brief discussion shall also be made of RiÌÉ’s role in promoting reform and unity through al-ManÉr Journal, his stance toward the removal of Sultan ÑAbd al-×amÊd, political conditions of his era and his stance toward the Ottoman authority (1898-1909) as well as his stance against the nationalists (1911-1912).

An Education in Intensity

Philip Roth ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 95-150
Author(s):  
Ira Nadel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
William Styron ◽  
Letting Go ◽  
Publishing Career ◽  
Personal Challenges ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Writers Workshop

The chapter opens with Roth’s 1959 marriage to Margaret (Maggie) Williams, a divorced mother of two from the Midwest Roth met at the University of Chicago. The impact of the marriage on his self-esteem and mental health, and its effect on his early efforts to shape his developing publishing career, receives special attention. But at the same time, while facing personal challenges, he appeared in the Paris Review, began a new friendship with its editor, George Plimpton, and oversaw the appearance of his first book, Goodbye, Columbus. A year in Rome on a fellowship and a new publisher (Random House replacing Houghton Mifflin) furthered his advances, while he also began to teach at the University of Iowa’s prestigious Writers’ Workshop and then Princeton. New friendships with William Styron and Donald Klopfer of Random House, and work with his early editor Joe Fox, soon shaped the direction of his writing. He also started psychoanalysis, necessary to maintain his mental balance as the relationship with Maggie unraveled and a divorce proved to be impossible. The chapter also examines the reception of his first novel, Letting Go.

Power and Place

2020 ◽  
pp. 186-233
Author(s):  
Erika Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Documentary Photography ◽  
Irish Society ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 6 surveys the history of documentary photography in twentieth-century Ireland. In particular, it examines the emergence of a new generation of documentary photographers and their role in debates about the nature of Irish society from the 1970s to the 1990s. Self-consciously radical, these photographers aimed to use their work to expose injustice and ‘reveal’ the hidden side of Irish life. In particular, the chapter focuses on the career of three photographers: Derek Speirs, Joanne O’Brien, and Frankie Quinn. It uses close readings of the work of these photographers, contemporaneous photography magazines, coupled with the extensive use of oral histories to explore the impact of documentary photography on Ireland in the later twentieth century. In their depiction of poverty as both visceral and uncomfortable, they challenged the traditional iconography of Ireland which had aestheticized or even eulogized these themes. Moreover, these photographers were often self-conscious and reflective regarding the relationship between themselves and the people—often in difficult circumstances—whom they portrayed. Nevertheless, they were often forced to make difficult choices about the depiction of poverty, violence, and injustice which attempted to expose societal problems without being voyeuristic. An exploration of choices they made regarding how they engaged with their subjects, what they photographed, and where they published provides a way of exploring the visual economies of social justice in later twentieth-century Ireland.

The Actress-Manager and the Movies: Resolving the Double Life of Sarah Bernhardt

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Duckett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Business Experience ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Sarah Bernhardt is one of the most globally celebrated actress-managers of the late nineteenth century. Bernhardt’s fame, however, is rarely associated with silent film. This article explores the coincidence between Sarah Bernhardt’s role as a theatrical manager in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century and her pioneering work in the nascent film industry. I argue that Bernhardt was not only a performer and manager in the theatre, but a creative agent in modern media industries. Questions about the relationship between Bernhardt and early film allow us to discuss the formation of female business experience in the theatre and its subsequent movement into a cinematographic culture that would dominate and define twentieth-century culture and commerce. Even if Bernhardt is regarded as a ‘lone entrepreneur’ and therefore extraneous to broader national discussions of theatrical industrialisation, it is important to understand the impact she has as a media celebrity who used film in order to expand her own twentieth-century global marketability.

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