Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Petani Kelapa Sawit (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat Kecamatan Ranah Batahan)

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the income ofoil palm farmers in Ranah Batahan District, West Pasaman Regency. Thedata used in this research is secondary data. The method used to analyzethe relationship between variables is multiple linear regression analysis.The results showed that work experience, age, working time andproduction had a positive and significant effect on the income of oil palmfarmers in Ranah Batahan District, West Pasaman Regency.Simultaneously, business experience, age, working time and productionaffect the income of oil palm farmers in Ranah Batahan District, WestPasaman Regency

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Gula Kelapa Skala Rumah Tangga

Many coconut plants grow and develop in Tunjungmuli Village which are cultivated by the surrounding community for the manufacture of palm sugar on a household scale. This study aims to determine the existence of constraints, factors that affect the production of palm sugar, and the level of economic efficiency of using palm sugar production factors. The method used is data stabilization, multiple linear regression analysis and marginal product value analysis, data collection is done by interview. Sampling was carried out using the simple random sampling method, which consisted of 36 craftsmen. The results showed that palm sugar production in Tunjungmuli Village, Karangmoncol District, Purbalingga Regency in February-March 2021 decreased due to extreme weather, erratic rains. The use of palm sugar production factors simultaneously has a significant effect on sugar production, the number of workers (0.006), the number of juice (0.000) and the number of plants tapped (0.000). Meanwhile, firewood (0.018) and business experience (0.815) did not have a significant effect on palm sugar production. The efficiency of the use of production factors, the amount of juice and the number of plants tapped has not been efficient because >1. While the number of workers, business experience and firewood <1 is not efficient, it needs to be reduced in use.

Intelligent support and command system based on WAPI terminal equipment

In order to solve the problem that the process of WAPI terminal connection is troublesome, this paper proposes an intelligent support and command system of WAPI terminal equipment based on centralized control AC + AP architecture. The system stores WAPI certificate on AC (centralized controller), WAPI terminal equipment is associated with AP (wireless access point), and AP equipment notifies AC of the associated events of the terminal, AC equipment and terminal equipment enter authentication and complete certificate authentication. Complete access authentication through AC and terminal equipment, and store the unicast and multicast keys generated by authentication negotiation on AC. This method is more convenient to maintain the certificate. At the same time, on the premise of ensuring the security of the certificate, it also improves the encryption and decryption efficiency and improves the user’s business experience.

Entrepreneurial Preferences in Oman: A Gender-based differentiation analysis

Purpose: The research objective was to critically analyze the factors responsible for the gender differences in Oman Entrepreneurship and to critically analyze the prevailing gender differences amongst the motivating factors and the survival factors in running the businesses in Oman. Design/methodology/approach: The research data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire and the data was obtained personally. 381 samples were collected from the population who were reported to be successful entrepreneurs. The selection was obtained from the entrepreneurs’ list provided by the Government Scheme Agencies in Oman like SANAD/RIYADA and the analysis was done using SPSS. Findings: The study revealed that both genders considered ‘To obtain a social status’, ‘To use innovative ideas’, ‘To become own boss’, and ‘Success of other entrepreneurs’ as the motivating factors. Further, males have also considered experiences and professional contacts whereas females have considered working independently and excelling with their self-confidence. The study also revealed that both genders insisted on Start-up capital, Self-confidence, Working capital, and Previous business experience, and Religious consciousness factors as the essential factors to run the businesses. Further, male entrepreneurs considered Training as one of the factors required to run the business whereas the female entrepreneurs considered the Right choice of location as a required factor. Research limitations/implications: It is recommended to address the gender differences of entrepreneurship in policies to support private-sector development in Oman and to design effective Entrepreneurship education programs for the future. It is required to follow up on the performance of the female-owned entrepreneurial start-ups so that their goals and objectives can be successfully fulfilled during their life cycle. It is also suggested that the training should be considered essential when designing strategies and policies stimulating entrepreneurial activity for both male and female entrepreneurs. Social implications: Through gender differences, the trends in marketing can be identified which will help to raise awareness for how to improve global marketing standards. Facilitating timely finance in the form of start-up capital, working capital is a must as the entrepreneurs in Oman consider financial assistance as a must to run the business. Previous business experience or educating them to gain experience in the line of their business interest will enable the entrepreneurs to become successful entrepreneurs. Originality/Value: There is no study on gender differences that have been carried out in Oman within entrepreneurial activities. This paper examines the gender difference prevailing amidst entrepreneurship in Oman. This research included only the successful entrepreneurs who were advanced under the Governmental Schemes through RIYADA/SANAD, Oman.

A Non-Parametric Analysis of the Relationship between Business Experience and Entrepreneurial Intention of Final-Year University Students

Last decades have witnessed that exposure to business activities, through family and direct experience, positively influences students’ entrepreneurial intention (EI). The paper aims to present and analyze the relationship between business experience (BE) and EI in the case of final-year university students, specialized in business administration and marketing, resorting to this end to a standardized questionnaire, developed by the authors and finalized following a pilot survey. The hypotheses considered, centered on the study of the existence of any contingency or correlational relationship between the BE of students, and their EI, based on related coefficients applicable in such case, have been confirmed, in line with similar studies. Theoretically, this paper contributes to the enrichment of the literature on students’ EI in higher education institutions (HEIs). Practically, students’ EI can be stimulated and encouraged by a deeper involvement of HEIs in entrepreneurship education, thereby creating a challenging entrepreneurial academic environment through a plethora of measures, such as establishing university spin-offs and closer relationships with their specific external stakeholders (e.g., entrepreneurs, businessmen).

Measuring market-sensing capabilities for new product development success

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conceptualize and operationalize the concept of market-sensing capabilities and analyze its relationship with new product development (NPD) success and organic organizational structures. To the authors' knowledge, past measures of market-sensing capabilities have never included opportunity interpretation, through business experience and organizational articulation, as part of the concept.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sample of over 180 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), market-sensing capabilities constructs and their relationships were tested through academics' and managers' perceptions. The measure was tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).FindingsFindings reveal theoretically sound constructs based on four underlying market-sensing capabilities components: analytical processes, customer relationship, business experience and organizational articulation. Results demonstrate reliability, convergent, discriminant and nomological validity. All four dimensions are positively associated with NPD success and are more likely to appear in organic organizational structures.Practical implicationsThe resulting instrument provides managers with a valuable tool to measure firms' abilities to address environmental uncertainty. By using this instrument, managers can assess internal organizational structures and resources allocated to sensing capabilities. By developing sensing capabilities, managers might ultimately influence their NPD strategy. Findings also reveal that sensing capabilities are positively and significantly associated with organic organizational structures.Originality/valueExisting sensing capabilities measures are focused on environmental scanning, and the essence of the concept is not fully expressed by the traditional measures of analytical processes and customer relationship. The authors' new measure includes opportunity interpretation through business experience and organizational articulation.

The Role of Experience and Gender in Founders' Business Planning Activities: A Meta Analysis

The question of why entrepreneurs undertake business planning activities differently, ranging from planning “in the head” to generating formal written documents, is still impenetrable. Aggregating data on 11,064 observations from 32 independent data set, this study meta-analyzed how business experience and gender influence entrepreneurs' disposition to business planning behaviors. Surprisingly, contradictory to some extant views that entrepreneurs without prior experience are more likely to make business plans, we found that both managerial experience and entrepreneurial experience positively influence entrepreneurs' subsequent business planning behaviors. Drawing insight from the effectuation and institutional perspectives, this study showed that, rather than entrepreneurial experience, managerial experience motivates entrepreneurs to generate formal business plans. For entrepreneurs who create formal business plans, both entrepreneurial experience and managerial experience enhance their business planning sophistication. In addition, we examined the moderating effects of gender on the relationship between business experience and business planning. The results suggested that female entrepreneurs with entrepreneurial experience are more likely to undertake business planning behaviors and create formal business plans than their male counterparts.

Factors Influencing the Performance of Technology Transfer Offices: the Case of the European Consortium of Innovative Universities

Technology transfer offices (TTOs) play an important role in innovation ecosystems. There is a global strive to make these offices more efficient and improve their performance. This study aims to reason the key factors influencing the performance of TTOs at the members of the European Consortium of Innovative Universities (ECIU). To reach this aim, the comparative literature review of the factors influencing the performance of the TTOs was performed first. The survey along with the semi-structured interviews interviewing leaders of the TTOs with the aim to validate the relevance of the factors was conducted afterwards. The discussion on the key factors influencing the performance of TTOs at ECIU members is presented at the end of the study. The study reveals the following as the key factors influencing the performance of TTOs at the ECIU network: i) TTO strategy; ii) relationships with investors; iii) networking; iv) functioning of a special TTO unit dedicated to working with industry; and v) business experience of TTO staff. It also brings an extension to the technology transfer literature by discussing organizational issues of technology transfer in the European context. The study reveals that the key factors influencing the performance of TTOs at ECIU members are quite similar regardless of the age of TTOs or the country of operation.