The Actress-Manager and the Movies: Resolving the Double Life of Sarah Bernhardt

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Duckett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Business Experience ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Sarah Bernhardt is one of the most globally celebrated actress-managers of the late nineteenth century. Bernhardt’s fame, however, is rarely associated with silent film. This article explores the coincidence between Sarah Bernhardt’s role as a theatrical manager in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century and her pioneering work in the nascent film industry. I argue that Bernhardt was not only a performer and manager in the theatre, but a creative agent in modern media industries. Questions about the relationship between Bernhardt and early film allow us to discuss the formation of female business experience in the theatre and its subsequent movement into a cinematographic culture that would dominate and define twentieth-century culture and commerce. Even if Bernhardt is regarded as a ‘lone entrepreneur’ and therefore extraneous to broader national discussions of theatrical industrialisation, it is important to understand the impact she has as a media celebrity who used film in order to expand her own twentieth-century global marketability.

scholarly journals THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT. DO WE HAVE A COMMON GOAL? / KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO ARCHITEKTŪROS IR URBANISTIKOS SĄVEIKA – AR TURIME BENDRĄ TIKSLĄ

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaiva Deveikienė
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyses the problem of the relationship and interaction between urban design and landscape architecture. This refers to the period of the modern city from the late nineteenth century to the present day. There are presented and discussed urbanization processes and examples of solutions with emphasis on problems arising from the relationship between a city and nature as well as those related to urban landscape and sustainability of urban landscaping in the twentieth century. Straipsnyje analizuojama urbanistikos ir kraštovaizdžio architektūros santykio ir sąveikos problema. Aprėpiamas moderniojo miesto laikotarpis – nuo XIX a. antrosios pusės iki nūdienos. Pateikiama XX a. urbanizacijos procesų ir sprendinių pavyzdžių, aptariama akcentuojant miesto santykio su gamta, želdynais, t. y. gyvo, tvaraus miesto kraštovaizdžio, formavimo problematiką.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Thain
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
High Modernism ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Starting with the idea of the late nineteenth century as a locus of ‘lyric crisis’, the introduction outlines established scholarly narratives of the relationship between poetry and modernity in the nineteenth century, and describes how the book will challenge these through its attention to aestheticist poetry. It goes on to explain the remit and choices made in the structure of the book (which is organized around three parts, each of which contains three chapters), and ends by situating the book’s methodology in relation to the fields of lyric studies and lyric theory. The overall aim of the book is stated as the analysis of the relationship between lyric and modernity prior to the better known story of poetic modernisation that occurs within high modernism in the first half of the twentieth century.

The Impact of Late Nineteenth-Century Unions on Labor Earnings and Hours: Iowa in 1894

ILR Review ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Eichengreen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Wage Dispersion ◽  
Labor Earnings ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an analysis of data on male workers taken from an 1894 survey of the Iowa labor market. Consistent with the results of earlier research by Paul Douglas, the author finds evidence of a statistically significant and economically important union earnings premium. The analysis also shows that late nineteenth-century unionism, like unionism in the twentieth century, tended to reduce wage dispersion. On the other hand, the author finds no evidence that late nineteenth-century unions reduced the length of the workday for union members compared to nonunion workers.

The Rhythm of the Rails: Sound and Locomotion

2017 ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Laura Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Twentieth Century Literature ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Century Literature

The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw a fascination with the concept of ‘rhythm’ in a range of disciplinary and transdisciplinary contexts, a preoccupation which would later be developed in movements such as Henri Lefebvre’s ‘Rhythmanalysis.’ The experimental psychologists of the turn of the nineteenth century explored rhythm in relation to both the auditory and the visual, and showed a particular concern with the relationship between measures which were externally imposed and endogenous rhythms. This chapter looks at the ways in which locomotion––and in particular the locomotive railway––is used as an exemplum in rhythm studies, and then explores its auditory renditions in nineteenth and early twentieth-century literature and, as ‘implied sound,’ in silent film, in which the question of rhythm as auditory and/or visual becomes particularly charged.

scholarly journals PRICES AND WAGES IN THE 1890 CRISIS IN BUENOS AIRES

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-294
Author(s):  
Agustina Vence Conti ◽  
Eduardo Martín Cuesta
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
New Information ◽  
Open Discussion ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe growth of Argentina’s economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century was so great that it was called “The Great Expansion”. This explains the interest of economic historians to observe, analyze and explain the conditions under which such growth occurred. One of the topics is the 1890 crisis, or “Baring Crisis”. This was seen by contemporaries as the worst economic debacle of the nineteenth century. Studies in economic history have seen this crisis both their macroeconomic aspects, and from the impact that would have occurred in the population. Also, in recent years there has been a renewed interest in the production and analysis of series of prices and wages, as key to analyzing economic indicators economy conditions and living conditions and inequality. Given this historiographical renewal, in this article a new series of prices and wages of Buenos Aires in the late nineteenth century are presented. With this new information, and open discussion with previous works, a new perspective on the evolution of prices and wages is provided, with a different perspective on the impact of the 1890 crisis.

Individual- and State-Centered Perspectives in Nineteenth-Century Europe

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Banu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
International Law ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter discusses state-centered and individual-centered internationalist perspectives and traces the relational internationalist perspectives introduced in Chapter 2 throughout nineteenth-century European private international law scholarship. The chapter shows how Freidrich Karl von Savigny’s and Josephus Jitta’s individual-centered premises were misunderstood or ignored. It further outlines the emergence of a particularistic perspective toward the end of the nineteenth-century and the beginning of the twentieth-century. The scholarship of Albert Venn Dicey and John Westlake is introduced to highlight the way in which late nineteenth-century English private international law scholars were reasoning on the relationship between state sovereignty and private vested rights. The chapter finally considers how the rise of positivism impacted the internationalist school of thought in private international law in both its state-centered and individual-centered variations.

Climate and Culture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve E. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Racial Ideologies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Political Patronage ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Impact

This chapter emphasizes the intersection of natural (environmental) and social factors that made droughts calamitous for the poorest sertanejos. It traces the construction of the northeast (nordeste) as an identifiable region within modern Brazil, perceived as a challenge to modernization efforts due to its environment and its citizens’ mixed racial heritage. The chapter introduces central aspects of the sertão’s geography and economy, briefly outlining changes from the colonial period to the twentieth century. The role of the Great Drought (1877-1879) in shaping landholding patterns is emphasized, along with the impact that the Canudos rebellion had on other Brazilians’ views of sertanejos. Brazilian racial ideologies of the late nineteenth century are analysed in relation to the marginalization of sertanejos. The dynamics of political patronage by Brazil’s rural coronéis are introduced to explain how drought aid was often funnelled to wealthy landowners rather than to the poor. Finally, popular views of twentieth century drought works are accessed through reference to folk poems known as cordéis.

A Rule of Proprietary Right for British India: From revenue settlement to tenant right in the age of classical legal thought

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
FAISAL CHAUDHRY
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
British India ◽  
Indian Land ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Land Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractScholars have long debated the impact of the British ‘rule of property’ on India. In our own day it has become common for historians to hold that the Raj's would-be regime of free capitalist property was frustrated by a pervasive divide between rhetoric and reality which derived from a fundamental lack of fit between English ideas and Indian land control practices. While seemingly novel, the contemporary emphasis on the theory-practice divide is rooted in an earlier ‘revisionist’ perspective among late-nineteenth-century colonial thinkers who argued that land control in the subcontinent derived from a uniquely Indian species of ‘proprietary’ (rather than genuinely propertied) right-holding. In this article, I critically examine the revisionist discourse of ‘proprietary right’ by situating it in a broader comparative perspective, both relative to earlier ideas about rendering property ‘absolute’ during the East India Company's rule and relative to the changing conception of the property right among legal thinkers in the central domains of the Anglo-common law world. In so doing, the article significantly revises our understanding of the relationship between property, law, and political economy in the subcontinent from the late eighteenth to the late nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Octatonicism and Chromatic Harmony

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Boulay
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Chromatic Harmony ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, the author looks at the relationship between octatonic structures and chromatic harmony. The discussion concentrates on two major aspects of late-tonal octatonicism: the use of alternative bass tones for the diminished seventh chord and the development of these sonorities into hexachordal and pentachordal combination chords. A number of late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century chromatic passages are analyzed. Complex harmonies in chromatic passages are explained by formulating reductive models comprised of simpler, octatonic constructs.

scholarly journals Towards Equalisation of the Impact of the Penal Fine: Why the Wealth of the Offender Was Taken into Account

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Faraldo-Cabana
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
The Impact

Important changes in the legal regulation of the fine culminated in the implementation of the day-fine system in many European countries during the twentieth century. These changes resulted from various late nineteenth century rationalities that considered the fine a justifiable punishment. Therefore, they supported extending its application by making it affordable for people on low incomes, which meant imprisonment for fine default could mostly be avoided without undermining the end of punishment. In this paper I investigate the historical development of the penal fine as well as the changing forms of this penalty in Western European criminal systems from the end of the eighteenth century until the late nineteenth century.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document