Nine Centuries of Man

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Court Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Police Reports ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Scottish History ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

What did it mean to be a man in Scotland over the past nine centuries? Scotland, with its stereotypes of the kilted warrior and the industrial ‘hard man’, has long been characterised in masculine terms, but there has been little historical exploration of masculinity in a wider context. This interdisciplinary collection examines a diverse range of the multiple and changing forms of masculinities from the late eleventh to the late twentieth century, exploring the ways in which Scottish society through the ages defined expectations for men and their behaviour. How men reacted to those expectations is examined through sources such as documentary materials, medieval seals, romances, poetry, begging letters, police reports and court records, charity records, oral histories and personal correspondence. Focusing upon the wide range of activities and roles undertaken by men – work, fatherhood and play, violence and war, sex and commerce – the book also illustrates the range of masculinities that affected or were internalised by men. Together, the chapters illustrate some of the ways Scotland’s gender expectations have changed over the centuries and how, more generally, masculinities have informed the path of Scottish history

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Tweedie
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Media Archaeology ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Heritage Industry ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This chapter introduces the concept of the “archaeomodern” and its connection to the aging of the quintessential modern medium of film. It sketches the historical and cultural background of the archaeomodern turn in the late twentieth century, including the development of an obsession with the past in the heritage industry and the rise of postmodernism. It then discusses two phenomena from the 1980s and 1990s—a mannerist or baroque revival, and the development of media archaeology—that complicate the habitual association between tradition and the past or modernity and the future. The introduction suggests that archaeomodern cinema was characterized by the return to failed or abandoned modern experiments and other relics from the modern past.

Hasidism: The Third Century

1996 ◽  
pp. 415-426
Author(s):  
Joseph Dan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Orthodox Judaism ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Jewish Mysticism ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mystical Tradition ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This chapter examines the third century of hasidism, considered the most enduring phenomenon in Orthodox Judaism in modern times. Gershom Scholem described hasidism as the ‘last phase’ in a Jewish mystical tradition that spanned nearly two millennia. Yet at the conclusion of his account of the movement in the last chapter of Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism, he appeared, with some regret, to view his subject as a phenomenon of the past. The contrast between this view of hasidic history and the reality of Jewish life in the late twentieth century could not be greater. The hasidism of today cannot be treated as a lifeless relic from the past. It appears to have made a complete adjustment to twentieth-century technology, the mass media, and the intricate politics of democratic societies without surrendering its traditional identity in the process.

scholarly journals Fragments of a Hungarian Past in the Literature of 1.5 and Second-Generation Austro-Hungarian Immigrants in Israel

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Ilana Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
Previous Generation ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Multicultural Setting ◽  
The One ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Contemporary Israeli literature is presently preoccupied with the past diasporic lives of the previous generation, the one that came to Israel from practically all four winds in the mid-late twentieth century. Hungarian-Israeli writers—e.g., Yoel Hoffmann, Judith Rotem, Yael Neeman and Esti G. Hayim—constitute a distinct group within this stream of 1.5 and second generation poets and novelists who have written about immigration and State foundation, often using a documentary or fictionalized memoirist mode. This article highlights the components of these writers' complex burden of a whole world destroyed, in most cases, not long before they were born and which they strive to restore or at least re-imagine in their oeuvre as contemporary Israeli writers. These components include: Holocaust trauma and its transference to the second generation, Hungarian speaking families within the Israeli multicultural setting, the ties of these families with their Hungarian foreign relatives, and household objects related to this past.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Temperley
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Music Notation ◽  
Musical Language ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Harmonic Analyses ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This chapter presents the scope, rationale, and approach of the book. Unlike much previous research on rock, the book is focused on musical rather than sociocultural aspects; it is primarily theoretical (focused on general features of the style) rather than analytical (focused on understanding individual works), though it is argued that developing a stronger theoretical foundation for rock will benefit analysis. Rock is defined broadly, to include a wide range of late twentieth-century Anglo-American popular styles. The chapter addresses some potentially controversial aspects of the book, such as the idea of rock as a musical “language,” the use of concepts from common-practice theory, the use of music notation, and the focus on purely musical aspects of the rock style. The chapter also describes the corpus of harmonic analyses and melodic transcriptions that is used in the book.

‘The dense, murky water of the past’: Swamps, Nostalgia and Settlement Myth in Meir Shalev’s The Blue Mountain

Hydrofictions ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 69-107
Author(s):  
Hannah Boast
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Realist Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blue Mountain ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
National Mythology

This chapter examines the changing meanings of swamp drainage in Israel’s national mythology. Swamp drainage was undertaken in the early twentieth century by the Jewish National Fund and again after the establishment of the State of Israel. Once seen as a triumph of Zionist ingenuity, draining swamps was redefined in the late twentieth century as an emblem of Zionism’s environmental hubris. This chapter assesses this history through Meir Shalev’s magical realist novel The Blue Mountain (1988), situating Shalev’s text in its contemporary contexts of environmentalism and post-Zionism.

Common Law Marriage

1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Common Law Marriage

To re-open problems of the past and to rake up arguments long since laid to rest may seem a singularly pointless exercise for a family lawyer of the late twentieth century. Yet the controversy which raged in the 1840s over the requirements for common law marriage was never satisfactorily resolved; and even today the question could still arise and an authoritative answer be required.

Introduction

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanford Levinson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Political Commitments ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This introductory chapter sets out the book’s purpose, which is to clarify the ambiguities of constitutional faith, i.e., wholehearted attachment to the Constitution as the center one’s (and ultimately the nation’s) political life. The book argues that there is an important conversation to be initiated about what it means to be an “American” in the late twentieth century. This conversation is not merely historical, to be safely distanced somewhere in the past. It assumes that there are many persons who share a very strong sense of “being” American, but are without an equally confident sense of what it means, especially in regard to what, if any, political commitments that identity entails.

scholarly journals T.C. Cannon’s Guitar

Arts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Philip J. Deloria
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Art Music ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Reflective Essay

How might we understand the art—and perhaps something of the life—of Kiowa/Caddo artist T.C. Cannon by centering his engagement with music and in particular with a meditation on Cannon’s 000-18 Martin guitar, which greeted visitors to the landmark exhibition, T.C. Cannon: At the Edge of America? In the form of a personal reflective essay, T.C. Cannon’s Guitar contemplates my own history with similar guitars, songs from the folk-songwriter tradition, and questions of multi-media crossings—art, music, text, object—that demonstrate revealing stylistic affinities. The essay explores intergenerational relations between myself, Cannon, and my father Vine Deloria, Jr., the three of us evenly spaced over the course of the late twentieth century, and it does so in an effort to understand something about the historical impulses of the period between 1965 and 1978. In that moment—accessible to me through memories of affects more than memories of actions—Native politics and art were both figuring out ways to honor the past while making it new, creating distinctive forms that we can recognize around concepts such as survivance, sovereignty, and indigenous modernism.

Serving ‘the Cause’: Cecil Jackson-Cole and the professionalization of charity in post-war Britain*

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (260) ◽  
pp. 379-397
Author(s):  
Jessica Field
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Business Network ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Abstract This article explores the relationship between faith, business and charity in mid to late twentieth-century Britain by examining the work of Cecil Jackson-Cole, co-founder of Oxfam, founder of Help the Aged, ActionAid and many other charities. Jackson-Cole’s approach to ‘building-up’ a charity accelerated the ongoing professionalization of the sector. This did not, however, represent a complete break from the Christian charity ethos of the past. By examining Jackson-Cole’s faith and its influence on his charity business network and practices, it is possible to see an enduring symbiotic relationship between faith and professionalization in organized charity across the twentieth century.

scholarly journals The Problem of Attitudes towards History in the Theory of Architecture of Postmodernism

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Khudin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
End Of History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The End Of History ◽  
The Times ◽  
Art And Architecture ◽  
Late Twentieth Century ◽  
Radical Transformation ◽  
The Way

The article contains a study of changes in the attitude to history in the foreign architecture of the twentieth century, in connection with the radical transformation of the perception of categories of time. The peculiarity of the sensation of time in the period of modernity is accompanied by the feeling of being at a particular point of the eternal "now", constant modernity, for which you need to keep up with the actualized state of being "in step with the times". In this state, the memory value is reduced to a minimum. For the "modern man", turning to the past becomes meaningless if there is only a series of obsolete, outdated and irrelevant forms in it It is replaced by the feeling of being in the position of exhaustion, completeness, and impossibility of producing innovations, reaching thelimit in the discovery of the new, which leads to the feeling of the end of history, the exhaustion of art. This leads to the decline of modernism, the emergence of fatigue and satiety in the race for technology and a departure from orientations to newness, which opens the way for a new attitude towards history as a source for inspiration, and its corresponding rediscovery in the late twentieth century, expressed in multiple retrospectives, conservative, traditionalist searches in art and architecture. The study touches upon the problems of postmodernism, as a style that opens a new round of references to history, viewed as a form of neo-traditionalism and eliminating a state of stalemate in a culture that has broken its ties with the past. The article presents various areas of the historical search of postmodern architects differing in their attitudes towards the phenomenon of history, continuity, and inheritance.

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