“I'm Your Leader Now, but Do You Trust Me?”

Leadership succession is inevitable for most family businesses. To effectively face this challenging transition, next-generation leaders need to have the ability to gain their employees' trust which is typically very challenging due to previous generation' influence on the business. The chapter explores how trust in family leaders can impact succession when a business is passed from one generation to the next. This chapter presents two comparative examples of family business cases operating in the transportation sector in Italy. In the first business, the succession already took place and the next-generation leader is running the firm, while in the other firm, the incumbent generation is still in charge of the company and is not passing the baton. Results show that the incumbent and next-generation leader's perception of their leadership style correspond to non-family employees' perceptions. However, employees' trust in the incumbent is higher than the trust in the successor.

Women of ’68 and Their Experiences of Bargaining With Patriarchy

The main objective of this article is to elaborate on the narratives of women who were in leading positions in the ’68 student movement in Turkey and to grasp their experiences and strategies of bargaining with patriarchy. The analysis is based on six selected in-depth interviews I conducted in 2004 with prominent women figures of the movement. By using the theoretical framework offered by the works of Deniz Kandiyoti and Ayşe Durakbaşa, I make a comparison between the women of ’68 and the previous generation, namely the “daughters of the Republic”, in terms of their values, norms and relational patterns. Furthermore, I exhibit the continuities and discontinuities in strategies of bargaining with patriarchy between these two generations of women. Finally, I evaluate the change they triggered in the construction of womanhood and their impact on the next generations of women.

Overcoming Production Logging Challenges in Evaluating Extended Reach Horizontal Wells with Advanced Completions

Objective/ Scope Production logging analysis is essential to understand and evaluate reservoir performance throughout the lifetime of an oil well. Data acquisition and analysis is known to be challenging in modern extended reach horizontal wells due to multiple factors such as conveyance difficulties, fluid segregation, debris, or open hole washouts. Advanced compact multiple array production logging tool (APLT) is proposed to minimize the uncertainties related to these challenges. Method, Procedure, and Process The proposed sensor deployment method provides a comprehensive borehole coverage, thus maximizing the amount of subsurface information collected to evaluate the production performance of a horizontal well. Essential measurements are combined on six individual arms. Each arm is independently deployed which guarantees the best borehole coverage in a variety of borehole condition. Robust mechanical arm design minimizes damage, allows tolerance to decentralization, and provides greater confidence in determining the sensor locations. Each arm utilizes two fluid holdup sensors (Resistance, Optical) and one velocity sensor (Micro-Spinner). Co-location of the sensors minimizes the uncertainty related to sensor spacing when compared with previous generation of APLT. Results, Observations, Conclusions The new sensor deployment method and analysis results are discussed showing the added value in barefoot completion as well as advanced ICD completion. The holdup sensors response from previous generation APLT is compared to the advanced tool and how it relates to better borehole coverage. The results also illustrate use of high frequency optical probes for phase holdup determination. In addition, the optical probes are used to confirm bubble point pressure at in situ conditions by confidently detecting the first gas indication in the tubular. The results clearly show how a compact APLT maximizes the borehole coverage in highly deviated and horizontal wells. This is critical in collecting representative data of all segregated fluids which enables more accurate interpretation of the flow profile in the well and better understanding of reservoir performance. Novel / Additive Information The novelty of the new instrument is the ability to maximize the amount of subsurface production logging information collected with low uncertainty and minimum operational risk.

Performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assays in children and adolescents at risk of tuberculosis: a cross-sectional multicentre study

IntroductionThe QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay, which features two antigen-stimulated tubes (TB1 and TB2) instead of a single tube used in previous-generation interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), was launched in 2016. Despite this, data regarding the assay’s performance in the paediatric setting remain scarce. This study aimed to determine the performance of QFT-Plus in a large cohort of children and adolescents at risk of tuberculosis (TB) in a low-burden setting.MethodsCross-sectional, multicentre study at healthcare institutions participating in the Spanish Paediatric TB Research Network, including patients <18 years who had a QFT-Plus performed between September 2016 and June 2020.ResultsOf 1726 patients (52.8% male, median age: 8.4 years), 260 (15.1%) underwent testing during contact tracing, 288 (16.7%) on clinical/radiological suspicion of tuberculosis disease (TBD), 649 (37.6%) during new-entrant migrant screening and 529 (30.6%) prior to initiation of immunosuppressive treatment. Overall, the sensitivity of QFT-Plus for TBD (n=189) and for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI, n=195) was 83.6% and 68.2%, respectively. The agreement between QFT-Plus TB1 and TB2 antigen tubes was excellent (98.9%, κ=0.961). Only five (2.5%) patients with TBD had discordance between TB1 and TB2 results (TB1+/TB2−, n=2; TB1−/TB2+, n=3). Indeterminate assay results (n=54, 3.1%) were associated with young age, lymphopenia and elevated C reactive protein concentrations.ConclusionsOur non-comparative study indicates that QFT-Plus does not have greater sensitivity than previous-generation IGRAs in children in both TBD and LTBI. In TBD, the addition of the second antigen tube, TB2, does not enhance the assay’s performance substantially.

Modeling the Effects of Implementation of Alternative Ways of Vehicle Powering

The trend to replace traditional fossil fuel vehicles is becoming increasingly apparent. The replacement concerns the use of pure biofuels or in blends with traditional fuels, the use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel and, above all, the introduction of electric propulsion. The introduction of new types of vehicle propulsion affects the demand for specific fuels, the needs for new infrastructure, or the nature of the emissions to the environment generated by fuel production and vehicle operation. The article presents a mathematical model using the difference of two logistic functions, the first of which describes the development of the production of a specific type of vehicle, and the second, the withdrawal of this type of vehicle from traffic after its use. The model makes it possible to forecast both the number of vehicles of each generation as a function of time, as well as changes in energy demand from various sources and changes in exhaust emissions. The results of the numerical simulation show replacing classic vehicles with alternative vehicles increases the total energy demand if the generation of the next generation occurs earlier than the decay of the previous generation of vehicles and may decrease in the case of overlapping or delays in the creation of new vehicles compared to the course of the decay function of the previous generation. For electric vehicles, carbon dioxide emissions are largely dependent on the emissions from electricity generation. The proposed model can be used to forecast technology development variants, as well as analyze the current situation based on the approximation of real data from Vehicle Registration Offices.

Generation related self-identity of Lesia Ukrainka (Based on her epistolary heritage)

The need to talk about the generation related self-identity of those writers who lived at the change of the century became more acute, because “fin de siècle” is the period of modernization of literature. The objective of the research is both historic-literary and purely theoretical. If in the first area we have to find out the individual identity of Lesia Ukrainka with a certain literary generation, and in the second area one should answer the question of whether the self-identification of the writeress with a certain literary generation can become the cornerstone for writing the history of literature. The process of working with the contents of letters was carried out with the help of systematic interpretation and hermeneutic reading. The main result of the research is the possibility to state that Lesia Ukrainka respected the experience of the representatives of the previous generation, but she desired to be appreciated by critics as part of the present generation gives reason to think that the writeress still identified herself as the representative of modernism.

Loan Words from English in Youth Slang 2020-2021: Evidence of Description and Analysis

Abstraсt. The study is devoted to the identification of English loan words in the youth slang inherent in the generation of millennials - young people between the age of 14 and 35 who were born on the turn of the millennium. There are many scientific works studying the phenomenon of youth slang, defining its boundaries, functions, and describing criteria. The most topical ones focus on the youth slang of the 2010s. There are studies of the issue of the English borrowing and English influence in modern Russian. However, the impact of English on the slang of modern youth is still understudied. We presume that the rapid increase in borrowings in this area requires close attention and scientific analysis. Millennial slang is represented in numerous humorous Internet publications, but unlike the slang of the previous generation, it is not properly described. The purpose of our paper is to identify new English borrowings, to highlight their lexical and grammatical characteristics as compared to those of previous years. The relevance of this work is due to the attention to the slang of todays youth in the aspect of globalization processes. The study used methods of reviewing the works of linguists, the analysis of Internet publications and dictionary data, interviewing of informants, and diachronic comparison. As a result of the analysis of the collected material, an increase in the number of Anglicisms was shown in comparison with the 2010s, and some features of the formation of lexical meanings and grammaticalization of new lexical units were revealed. Youth slang is a reflection of modern social phenomena, and its study is of interest not only for linguists but also for culturologists, sociologists, and psychologists.

Abstract P355: Comparable Impairment Of Vascular Endothelial Function By A Wide Range Of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; i.e., vaping devices) such as e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, and newer coil-less ultrasonic vaping devices are promoted as less harmful alternatives to combustible cigarettes. However, the cardiovascular health effects of these devices are understudied. We investigated whether exposure to aerosol from a wide range of ENDS devices with and without nicotine, including a new ultrasonic vaping device, impairs endothelial function. Hypothesis: ENDS aerosols irrespective of nicotine, flavors, and heating coil impair endothelial function comparably to smoke from cigarettes. Methods: We exposed 11 groups (n=8), of anaesthetized rats to aerosol from propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), PG+VG without nicotine, a USONICIG Zip ultrasonic vaping device, previous generation e-cigarettes (tank style with freebase nicotine), 5% nicotine JUUL pods of three flavors (Virginia tobacco, Mango, and Menthol), and an IQOS heated tobacco product; with Marlboro Red cigarette smoke and clean air as controls, to a single session of 10 cycles of pulsatile 5s exposure over 5 minutes. Endothelial function was quantified as arterial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) using micro-ultrasound. Results: Aerosol/smoke from all conditions except air significantly impaired FMD (Figure: each colored line denotes one rat, black horizontal bars denote means). The extent of impairment ranged from 40%-67% although there were no significant differences between groups. Nicotine absorption into the blood varied widely from these undiluted aerosols (those containing nicotine), with IQOS being the highest, and USONICIG and previous generation e-cig being the lowest. Conclusions: A single session of exposure to aerosol from a wide range of ENDS, including multiple types of e-cigarettes, a heated tobacco product, and an ultrasonic vaping device, all impair endothelial vascular function comparably to combusted cigarettes. Key words: JUUL, IQOS, ultrasonic vaping device, e-liquids, flow-mediated dilation

Arrangement and transcriptions in creations by Alexander Siloty at the mention of traditions for musical and redactional practice at the end of XIXth – the first part of the XXth centuries

Purpose of the article. Consists of research of redactional heritage by Alexander Siloty at the border of the XIXth-XXth centuries and analysis of his arrangement and transcriptions. The methodology consists of using resources-studying, comparative methods, and also method of systematization and generalization. The resources-studying method was used for analyzing previous resources and working with the full edition of redactions by Alexander Siloty. A comparative method was necessary during the comparison of the first piece`s resource and its transcription. Method of systematization and generalization consists of generalization for processed material and summarizing of this exploring. This mythological approach allows the analysis of details previsions information at the thymes of arranging and transcriptions by Alexander Siloty. The scientific novelty of the article consists of an introduction to scientific circulation redactions by Alexander Siloty, which are not explored at this moment, and also in locating of the creating by Alexander Siloty arrangements and transcriptions for piano pieces for orchestral and vocal genres. Сonclusions. Arrangements and transcriptions by Alexander Siloty absorbed in itself basis points of edition`s working by representatives of the previous generation, as C. Cherny and F. Busoni. But pedagogical and performable functions in Alexander Siloty`s redactions were actually balanced, in the same moment when pieces by previous representatives were calculated for the most part only for professional pianists. Identifying during exploration this approach in the way of editions` deleting on amplifications and reductions, did conclusions, that they had full right to take place in the repertoire of the modern pianists and in the pedagogical base of professional piano teachers. Modern pianist sets a goal of the technical problem`s solving and maximally exactly represent of score`s text, and left interpretative goals on the second side. On the other hand, redactions by Alexander Siloty weren`t focused attention on the only pianistic tricks. The general goal of it becomes the individual mind through the personality of the single performer.