On Whether the Venetians Should Ally with the Emperor or Stick to the Alliance with the King of France

This chapter considers how, once again, the Venetians had found themselves under steady pressure from two sides — this time between the new king of France, Francis I, and Charles of Habsburg, the king of Spain as well as the Holy Roman Emperor. Although they had not come to a clear rupture with the Emperor, the Venetians had dutifully performed their role in the war on the French side, and were now rather at sea as to what they should do next. On the one hand, Francis incited them to hold on, for he would soon send another army into Italy; on the other hand, Charles was trying to detach them from the French alliance with various reassurances and offers.

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Fitri Yuliana

Di satu sisi, penekanan modernisme pada rasionalitas dan historisitas telah menghasilkan kristologi yang kritis-objektif. Di sisi lain, pascamodernisme yang berepistemologi pluralis menghasilkan kristologi yang subjektif. Menanggapi dan menjembatani dua sisi persoalan ini, pendekatan hermeneutis redemptive-historical diajukan sebagai pendekatan alternatif injili. Pendekatan yang berpusat pada Kristus sebagai kulminasi sejarah penebusan (seperti yang disaksikan Alkitab) ini mengaitkan tiga horizon yaitu: textual, epochal, dan canonical untuk menginterpretasikan teks Kitab Suci secara holistik. Pendekatan ini menganalisis sintaksis, konteks sastra, konteks sejarah dan genre-nya (textual horizon), mengaitkannya dengan sejarah penebusan (epochal horizon), dan melihatnya dalam terang keutuhan kanon (canonical horizon). Penggabungan ketiga unsur tersebut menekankan dinamika pemenuhan janji Allah dalam kulminasi tersebut. Dengan demikian, pendekatan hermeneutis redemptive historical dapat mengarahkan orang Kristen pembacaan dan penafsiran Alkitab yang kristosentris. Kata-kata kunci: Pendekatan Redemptive-Historical, Epistemologi, Kristologi Modern Kristologi Pascamodern, Hermeneutika Injili Kristosentris On the one hand, the emphasis of modernism on rationality and historicity has produced a critical-objective Christology. On the other hand, post-modernism with a pluralist epistemology produces subjective Christology. Responding to, and bridging the two sides of this problem, the redemptive-historical hermeneutical approach is proposed as an alternative evangelical approach. The Christ-centered approach as the culmination of the history of redemption (as witnessed to in the Bible) links three horizons, namely: textual, epochal, and canonical to interpret the text of the Scriptures holistically. This approach analyzes syntax, literary context, historical context and its genre (textual horizon), links it to the history of redemption (epochal horizon), and sees it in the light of the canon (canonical horizon). The combination of these three elements emphasizes the dynamic fulfillment of God’s promises. Thus, the historical redemptive hermeneutical approach can lead Christians to read and interpret the Christocentric Bible. Keywords: Redemptive-Historical Approach, Epistemology, Modernist Christology, Post-modernist Christology, Christ-centered Evangelical Hermeneutics


Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Silcock

Luther does not develop a theology of hope because hope is not the central driver of his mature theology. Central for him is rather faith in the promise of God, which gives rise to hope as well as love. There are two sides to justification that correspond to the now/not-yet character of Luther’s eschatology. On the one hand, we are already righteous through the gift of Christ’s righteousness, which we have in spe but not yet in re. On the other hand, the hope of righteousness strengthens us against sin as we wait for the perfection of our righteousness in heaven. However, in the final analysis, the basis of our hope is not the incipient righteousness which has begun in us (in re) as we gradually grow in holiness and righteousness, but Christ’s own perfect righteousness which he imputes to us through faith (iustitia aliena). For hope can only be rock-solid if it is grounded not on anything within us, but on Christ alone. The early Luther has a very different view of things because, before 1518, he is still very much under the influence of Augustine, which means that justification is primarily a process that goes on within a person’s heart rather than, as in the later Luther, faith in God’s word of promise that comes to a person from outside and gives what it says. The dominant theological concept in Luther’s early work is the theology of humility, which is predicated on the view that God must first humble you and cause you to despair, before he can raise you up and give you hope. Since here faith is not yet oriented to the promise but defined by humility, it has to remain uncertain, as does hope. In the later Luther, on the other hand, faith gives rise to confidence and hope because it is firmly grounded in God’s word of promise, which is always reliable because God does what he says. With his faith firmly grounded in Christ, Luther knows that he can weather all the trials and struggles of life; in fact, he can even look forward to death, since for Christians death is but the door to life with God forever. For Luther, Christ is the only hope for a hopeless world. For him, this is not wishful thinking but is rock-solid because it is based on the promise of the crucified and risen Lord. This is also the basis of the Christian hope for eternal life in the presence of the Triune God, together with the renewed creation and all the hosts of heaven.


Panggung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.X. - Widaryanto

ABSTRACT There are two sides of the paradox associated with the problem of dance formulation and catego- rization that can not be regarded easily. On the one hand, dance is a phenomenon of complexity, in which the intertextuality will embody a complicated contextual phenomenon. On the other hand, the step of categorization has a nature which facilitates someone to observe the existing various phenom- ena in a similarity of properties that tend to lead to a simplification.The development of very fast-moving art is not often followed by adequate category and categori- zation for the purpose of the study. This paper attempts to restore awareness of the concept of corpo- reality with the reality of the complexity, and reconsider and formulate the dance categorization in a creative tradition occured in Urban communities in Bandung in the period of 2000 to 2011. Keywords: corporeality, complexity, categorization, and dance.


Author(s):  
Krista K. Thomason

The introduction surveys the philosophical literature about shame. Philosophers have long been troubled by the dual nature of shame. On the one hand, it seems to be an emotion that is central to the development of virtue. On the other hand, it arises in cases that have no obvious moral import and it can hinder rather than help moral progress. Much of the philosophical literature has aimed to find a way to reconcile these two sides of shame by explaining away or de-emphasizing one of the two sides. This introduction raises questions about the viability of those strategies and provides an outline for the rest of the book.


2020 ◽  

In the years before the Covid-19 crisis confronted the world with unprecedented challenges, the EU showed two sides of itself: On the one hand, it gave cause for hope, having overcome several crises and presenting itself to the world as a defender of multilateralism and a stronghold of democracy. On the other hand, however, its weaknesses remained visible: its lack of coherence in foreign and security policy; its insufficient influence in its neighbouring regions; and its internal contradictions with regard to upholding the rule of law among its member states. The essays gathered here offer a review of two years of EU politics. With contributions by Laurent Baechler, Anna Dimitrova, Mohamed Ane, Sebastian Franzkowiak, András Inotai, Gabriel N. Toggenburg, Arnaud Leconte, Kyriakos Revelas, Hartmut Marhold, Jean-Claude Vérez, Jean-Marie Rousseau, Susann Heinecke, Florent Marciacq, Tobias Flessenkemper, Magda Stumvoll, Marta-Claudia Cliza, Laura-Cristiana Spataru-Negura, Claude Nigoul, Pinar Selek, Yvan Gastaut.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Julita Lestari S.Ag

<p align="center">Abstrak</p><p>Keberagaman agama di satu sisi menjadikan perbedaan yang cenderung melahirkan perpecahan di kalangan umat beragama. Di sisi lain, keberagaman agama merupakan pemersatu umat karena saling menghargai perbedaan yang ada. Pluralisme yang melahirkan dua sisi ini menjadikan penting untuk dikaji. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang menganut tidak hanya satu agama namun terdiri bermacam-macam agama, yaitu Islam, Kristen, Budha, Kong Hu chu, Hindudan agama-agama lainnya. Kepluralismean agama di Indonesia ini memiliki tantangan dan peluang tersendiri bagi keutuhan bangsa.  Tantangan terbesar Indonesia sebagai negara pluralisme adalah cenderung menimbulkan konflik. Dikarenakan setiap agama melakukan <em>truth claim</em> terhadap agamanya sendiri dan agama lain dianggap salah. Adapun peluang pluralisme agama di Indonesia bagi keutuhan bangsa yaitu lahirnya sikap toleran sesama umat karena mampu menghargai keragaman beragama.</p><p align="center">Abstract</p><p>Religious diversity on the one hand makes a difference that tends to give birth to divisions among religious communities. On the other hand, religious diversity is a unifying people because they respect each other's differences. Pluralism which gives birth to two sides makes it important to study. Indonesia is one country that adheres to not only one religion but consists of various religions, namely Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, Hindudan and other religions. Religious pluralism in Indonesia has its own challenges and opportunities for national integrity. Indonesia's biggest challenge as a state of pluralism is that it tends to cause conflict. Because every religion makes truth claims against its own religion and other religions are considered wrong. The opportunity for religious pluralism in Indonesia for the integrity of the nation is the birth of a tolerant attitude among people because it is able to appreciate religious diversity.</p><p> </p><p> </p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
Daniel Lanzinger

This article examines the background of the concept of Sabbath rest (σαββατισμός) in Heb 4.1–11. Special attention is given to the relation between God's rest and God's activity, which seemingly are in tension with each other: on the one hand, the author's argument is based on the assumption that God entered his rest at the seventh day of creation and stopped working forever (4.10); on the other hand, there is a clear reference to God's worksaftercreation (3.9–10). A comparison with Philo's explanations of the seventh day of creation, however, reveals that for a Jewish Middle Platonist this tension does not appear to be a problem because rest and activity in God are two sides of the same coin. It is argued that this background helps to explain Hebrews’ concept of Sabbath rest. A concluding outlook shows that the suggested Middle Platonic understanding of Hebrews 4 fits well the context of the epistle as a whole, as the same coexistence of rest and activity can also be found in Hebrews 7 in relation to Jesus’ intercession in the heavenly tabernacle.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Binish Qadri ◽  
Mudaser Ahad Bhat

Globalization and technology are two sides of the same coin (Qadri, Bhat & Jamal, 2018). They are complementary and a good interface between the two is sine-qua-non for growth and development in the contemporary global village. For Domar (1957, as cited by Solow, 2000) investment has a dual role. On the one hand, it generates income and on the other hand, it increases the productive capacity in an economy. In the same manner, the modern economy has a dual role. On the one hand, it promotes globalization and on the other hand, it promotes the technology. Globalization and technology are not devils at all. There is no good or bad globalization. In the same manner, there is no good or bad technology. Good or bad discourse arises due to good or bad interface between the two. The present paper argues that the good interface between globalization and technology will generate the ‘globalization of novelty’ which is nothing but the ‘globalization of technological innovations’ (Archibugi & Iammarino, 2002) and it will definitely be the connecting link between ‘globalization’ and ‘economics of knowledge’ (Archibugi & Iammarino, 2002). Further, the present paper argues that there is a two-way causal relationship or bi-way causality between globalization and technology (Chareonwongsak, 2002). Technology is both strength as well as the weakness of globalization. If it is not in tune with globalization then it becomes its weakness instead of strength and vice versa. Since globalization is beyond what we are seen and observed (Chareonwongsak, 2002, Bhattacharya, Bürkner and Bijapurkar, 2016) the present paper argues that ‘globalization of novelty’ (author’s own term) or ‘globalization of technological innovations’ is achieved only and only if we understand the reality of economics of knowledge and ideas. That is to say that a good interface between globalization and technology is a matter of sound understanding of the economics of knowledge and ideas. The need of the hour is to understand the economics of knowledge and ideas so as to understand the interface between globalization and technology. The economic inequalities we realize today is a result of how we manage globalization and technology (Reeves and Harnoss, 2016). For reducing economic inequalities and achieving a fair distribution of income, output, and employment in an economy it is essential to realize a good interface between globalization and technology. Therefore, in order to realize a good interface or interaction, the present paper suggests some ways and means which has a policy and future implication.


1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asyhabuddin Asyhabuddin

Communication is like two sides of a coin. On the one hand, communication is avital human tool, without which human beings would lose their function as social beings.However, on the other hand, communication is also often a source of contention, conflictand human tragedy. Therefore, it takes appropriate communication patterns, so thatcommunication does not become a boomerang for mankinds.In this context, Virginia Satir’s thought, a therapist for family problems, is worthyto be observed. Satir categorized communicators into five categories, i.e. Placater, Blamer,Computer (Super-Reasonable), Distractor, and Leveler (Interpersonal Communicator). Thefirst four types are communicators who lead to an incongruent communication. All fourwill only lead to conflict within the family as they communicate. The latter is thecongruent communicator: a leveler communicates in an equality setting. Satirrecommended people to use I-Message instead of You-Message communication patterns ifthe are to be levelers.


Archaeologia ◽  
1945 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 137-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. St. J. O'Neil

For some years before 1538 the politics of western Europe had been dominated by the mutual jealousy of the Emperor Charles V and Francis I, king of France. Henry VIII's diplomacy had often tended to increase the tension between them, since it was clearly in England's interest to divide her potential enemies. The Pope on the other hand sought to reconcile them, and in June 1538 he succeeded so far as to negotiate a truce for ten years between the rivals.


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