scholarly journals Peculiarities in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clones seeding on CSP (Cloning seed plantation) in western Polissya of Rivne region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seed Orchards ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Genetic Value ◽  
Flowering Intensity

The main purpose of seed orchards is to obtain regularly seeds of the highest genetic value for forest plantations. Long-term research in Ukraine and foreign experience show that there is a significant reduction in the cone yield on orchards that are over 26–28 years old even with free spacing of ramets. The aim of the study was to identify peculiarities in reproduction of Scots pine on Clonal Seed Orchards (CSO), based on comparison for performances of flowering intensity and seed production from different clones, their groups and CSO in Rivne region. The object of the study is the clonal seed orchards of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The subject of research is the reproduction of clones on clonal seed orchards of Scots pine. The intensity of «flowering» and seeding of clones on CSO was determined by continuous list of each ramet. To assess the intensity of female «flowering», we determined the growth and the reproductive layer of the crown, the rank position of pine clones on plantations, which we divided into three groups: high, medium and weak. We analyzed the intensity of growth, «flowering» and seed production of Scots pine clones (Pinus silvestris L.) for many years on the plantations of 1977 and 1984. At CSP of 1977, the «flowering» within clones is characterized by a mixed-sexual type; on the plantation of 1984, the most clones (54.2%) were dominated by female «flowering». The rate of microstrobiles formation in clones on the younger plantation (CSP-1984) is lower than the intensity of megastrobiles formation by 4.0%, while on the older one (1977), on the contrary, the intensity of microstrobiles formation was dominant by 118.2%. The average yield of strobiles from the number of megastrobiles on the CSP of 1977 and 1984 was 70.1 and 74.3%, respectively. The close correlations were found between the number of megastrobiles and the number of strobiles (r = 0.94 and 0.84). The variation in the number of strobiles per tree over the years of observation is quite high and varied in clones of 1977 from 40.2% in 2004 to 70.7 in 2003 and averaged 52.6%; clones of 1984 ranged from 43.6% in 2004 to 78.8% in 2005 and averaged 59.3%. The number of female strobiles for the six-year period at CSP of 1977 averaged 45.8% from the number of male ones; for three years — 4.0% in clones of 1984. Their number ranged from 25.5 to 61.3% in clones of 1977; in clones of 1984 – from 16.5 to 77.5%. Depending on the clone and the weather conditions of the growing season, the ratio between the number of female and male strobiles within each clone is from 29.8 to 166.7% on CSP of 1977 and from 49.4 to 1005.4% of 1984. The correlation between the number of mega- and microstrobiles on CSP of 1977 is weak (r = 0.17), and the ones of 1984 – high (r = 0.77). No dependences were found between the preservation of megastrobiles by their number (abundance of «flowering») in clones of 1984 and the average correlation (r = 0.33) was found in clones of 1977. According to long-term data on CSP of 1977, the most productive is clone No 22. The highest yield of strobiles from the number of megastrobiles on the plantation of 1984 – in clone No 130 (88.1%), the lowest — No 121 (46.7%). Only two clones (No 22 and 97) and eight clones of 1984 (No 116, 118, 127, 129, 130, 137, 138, 139) are included into the group of clones of 1977 with abundant «flowering», harvest and high yield of strobiles). The clones that have the high and medium growth intensity, with high and medium flowering intensity, with high and medium yield of strobiles are perspective for seed plantations among the selected groups.

scholarly journals The Effect of Insect Defoliations and Seed Production on the Dynamics of Radial Growth Synchrony among Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. Provenances

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Marcin Klisz ◽  
Radosław Puchałka ◽  
Sławomir Wilczyński ◽  
Władysław Kantorowicz ◽  
Tomasz Jabłoński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Insect Defoliation

The intraspecific variation of climate–growth relationships observed on provenance trials results from among–provenance differences in phenotypic plasticity. Temporal variation in radial growth synchrony among provenances may be modified by adverse climatic/biotic conditions such as drought or insect defoliation. However, these factors can potentially diminish provenance–specific growth reactions and, consequently, prevent the identification of provenances with the highest adaptive potential. Thus, understanding the influence of major biotic conditions on provenance–specific climate–growth relationships seems to be important to anticipate climate change. To determine provenance–specific growth patterns in relation to climate conditions (drought), seed production (reproductive effort), and insect defoliation in a common garden of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), we applied dendroecological techniques to time–series of tree–ring widths and basal area increments. The long–term records of seed production and insect outbreaks from the local Scots pine stands were used to explain the potential effect of biotic factors on the temporal dynamics of radial growth synchrony. During a period of favorable growth conditions, Scots pine provenances showed a decline in inter–provenance synchronicity in growth patterns, while during years affected by severe soil water deficit and insect defoliation, they manifested high uniformity in growth dynamics. The long–term trend in growth synchrony among P. sylvestris provenances depend on both abiotic and biotic environmental factors. This gains significance following an introduction of the appropriate selection of tree provenances for climate–smart forestry.

scholarly journals Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) dynamics in the Welsh Marches during the mid to late-Holocene

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362199465
Author(s):  
Dael Sassoon ◽  
William J Fletcher ◽  
Alastair Hotchkiss ◽  
Fern Owen ◽  
Liting Feng
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Peat Core ◽  
New Information ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pollen Records

Around 4000 cal yr BP, Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) suffered a widespread demise across the British Isles. This paper presents new information about P. sylvestris populations found in the Welsh Marches (western central Britain), for which the long-term history and origins are poorly known. Two new pollen records were produced from the Lin Can Moss ombrotrophic bog (LM18) and the Breidden Hill pond (BH18). The LM18 peat core is supported by loss-on-ignition, humification analysis and radiocarbon dating. Lead concentrations were used to provide an estimated timeframe for the recent BH18 record. In contrast to many other Holocene pollen records from the British Isles, analysis of LM18 reveals that Scots pine grains were deposited continuously between c. 6900–300 cal yr BP, at frequencies of 0.3–5.4%. It is possible that individual Scots pine trees persisted through the wider demise on thin soils of steep drought-prone crags of hills or the fringes of lowland bogs in the Welsh Marches. At BH18, the record indicates a transition from broadleaved to mixed woodland, including conifer species introduced around AD 1850 including Picea and Pinus. The insights from BH18 suggest that the current populations may largely be the result of planting. Comparison of the LM18 findings with other regional pollen records highlights consistent patterns, including a Mid-Holocene maximum (ca. 7000 cal yr BP), long-term persistence at low pollen percentages and a Late-Holocene minimum (ca. 3000 cal yr BP). These distinctive trends encourage further studies on refugial areas for Scots pine in this region and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Highly Productive Pine Forests in a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Nina F. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
Elena S. Klushevskaya ◽  
Elena Yu. Amineva
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Vital State

Forest steppe of the Central Chernozem Region (CCR) of Russia belongs to the zone of highly productive pine forests. In 2015, for the first time a partial destabilization of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was recorded within the territory of the CCR. It affected the population, organism and cellular levels of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The destabilization was caused by the 8-year heatwave of 2007–2014 followed by a sharp drop in the water table and four severe droughts (2007, 2010, 2012, and 2014). The analysis was carried out on two sites of pine forest plantations growing in the environmentally sound region: the Stupino test site (Voronezh region, typical plantation for the CCR) and the Usman site (Lipetsk region, lands with elevated groundwater level). The results of morphological, cytogenetic and biochemical studies of model trees of the Stupino test site during the following periods are presented: 4 optimal years in terms of weather conditions, 2014 drought year and 2015 destabilization year. It was found that prolonged hydrothermal stress resulted in the transition of pine from the basic equilibrium state to a slightly nonequilibrium state. The trigger mechanism for changing their vital state was a severe autumn soil drought in 2014, after which the plants became weakened right before winter. A decrease in cone bioproductivity by the traits of seed fullness and the total number of seeds per cone, a change in population sampling structure, an increase in the number of mitosis pathologies, and an increase in proline content in needles were observed despite optimal weather conditions in 2015. The recovery of species was studied for three subsequent optimal years on the example of the Stupino and Usman populations. Experimental data indicate that the processes of vital state normalization involve profound changes in metabolism and require certain energy expenditures. It took the Stupino population longer to return to the regional norm, which indicates a different depth of destabilization of the tree genetic material of the studied populations. For citation: Kuznetsova N.F., Klushevskaya E.S, Amineva E.Yu. Highly Productive Pine Forests in a Changing Climate. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 9–23. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-9-23

scholarly journals GENETIC AND SELECTION ASSESSMENT OF THE SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) IN FOREST SEED ORCHARDS

Wood Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Khanova ◽  
Vladimir Konovalov ◽  
Azat Timeryanov ◽  
Regina Isyanyulova ◽  
Dina Rafikova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seed Orchards

scholarly journals NEW SOURCES OF SEEDLESS GRAPES OF ANAPA EXPERIMENTAL STATION SELECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
I.V. Gorbunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Seedless Grape ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Grape Varieties

It is commonly known that the share of seedless grape varieties in the total production in the country is very small. Of 106 table varieties included in the register, only 4 varieties are of kishmish direction (Kishmish radiant, Korinka Russian, Yuzhnoberezhny, Yalta seedless). These varieties are in great demand, since their berries are used both fresh and dried. This article presents results of long-term research on isolation of genetic seedlessness donors among grape varieties of Anapa zonal experimental station of viticulture and winemaking, such as Lotos, Zhemchug of Anapa and Kishmish pink AZOS. These studies were carried out with a simultaneous complex study of economically valuable traits and annually changing weather conditions. In addition, the assessment of these varieties was carried out according to seedlessness sign intensity in the conditions of the Anapo-Taman viticulture zone. The greatest mass of rudiments of all analyzed samples was found in Kishmish pink AZOS variety, therefore, it was assigned to the third category of seedlessness, although the mass ratio of rudiments to the mass of the berry is negligible. The rest of the studied seedless grape varieties in comparison with the control variety (Radiant Kishmish) have a higher seedless class. It particularly concerns varieties such varieties as Zhemchug of Anapa and Lotus, belonging to the first and second classes of seedlessness, respectively. Along with this, a long-term work was carried out to study the yield of these varieties and their productivity (coefficients of fruiting and fertility), the phenology of plant development depending on weather conditions. In particular, it was found that high productivity parameters are observed in all the studied varieties every year; Lotus and Zhemchug of Anapa have also high yield every year. The conducted work has shown prospects for using grape varieties of Anapa Experimental Station as future seedlessness donors.

scholarly journals Emergence levels of pine shoot beetles from roundwood piles of Scots pine and the cascading damage in the surrounding forests

Silva Fennica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Melin ◽  
Tiina Ylioja ◽  
Leena Aarnio ◽  
Katri Hamunen ◽  
Seppo Nevalainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
The Future ◽  
Forest Legislation ◽  
Pine Shoot Beetles

Bark beetles are amongst the most aggressive pest agents of coniferous forests. Due to this, many boreal countries have designated laws aiming to lower the risk of bark beetle epidemics. Finland’s forest legislation has pre-emptive measures targeted against bark beetles, and for Scots pine ( L.), the law concerns pine shoot beetles ( spp.). This study used data collected around 25 piles of Scots pine roundwood that were harvested in the winter but left in the forest until the following November. Thus, the pine shoot beetles were able to use the piles for breeding. We assessed the number of emerged insects from the piles and the cascading damage they caused in the surrounding forests. All roundwood piles, regardless of their volume, were used by the beetles for breeding. Highest densities of beetle exit holes were found from the parts of the log with thick and intact bark. If the bark of the log was damaged by the harvester head, the number of beetles decreased significantly. Depending on the volume of the roundwood pile, the cascading damage (fallen shoots) was noticeable up to ca. 40–60 m from the roundwood pile. Storing of piles smaller than 50 m did not cause excess damage. The number of fallen shoots per tree was generally below the known thresholds for when growth losses can occur. However, the study was conducted in mature forests, and it can be assumed that the recorded damage levels would severely affect the growth of young pines, raising the question of where to store the roundwood. As with other bark beetles, the role of beetles as damage agents may change in the future, but based on this as well as past studies, the species can be viewed as a notable damage agents only around long-term wood storage sites in the current northern conditions.Pinus sylvestrisTomicus3Tomicus

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document