Seed Banks, Seed Germination, and Implications for Conservation of the Endangered, Fire-Dependent Shrub, Arctostaphylos morroensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Claudia M. Tyler ◽  
Dennis C. Odion
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Banks

Seedling establishment from seeds and seed banks in forests under long-term pollution stress: a potential for vegetation recovery

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Komulainen ◽  
M. Vieno ◽  
V. T. Yarmishko ◽  
T. D. Daletskaja ◽  
E. A. Maznaja
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Vegetation Recovery ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Empetrum Nigrum

Seed germinability of some common dwarf shrubs and seed-bank composition were studied in young pine forests along a pollution gradient from Severonickel smelter in Monchegorsk, northern Russia. Samples for seed germination and seed-bank trials were taken from sites representing different zones of pollution. Generally, germinability of dwarf shrub seeds was not affected by distance from pollution source, except for Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditium. The average density per site of seedlings that emerged from seed-bank samples varied between 278 and 416 seedlings/m2. Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum and Betula sp. dominated in seed banks. Calluna vulgaris was also numerous at one site. As a whole, seed-bank taxa were well represented in the above ground vegetation. There were no significant differences in seedling density between sites for dominant taxa. Our results indicate that seeds can retain viability even under a heavy pollution load and thus form a potential for vegetation recovery in polluted sites. Key words: seed germination, seed bank, recovery, pollution, coniferous forest.

Seed germination characteristics and strategies of seeds stored in canopy and soil seed banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
王东丽 WANG Dongli ◽  
焦菊英 JIAO Juying ◽  
王宁 WANG Ning ◽  
寇萌 KOU Meng ◽  
徐海燕 XU Haiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Germination Characteristics

scholarly journals Experimental seed germination for ex situ conservation of Mexican Podostemaceae

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Flores-Enríquez ◽  
Guillermo Castillo ◽  
Margarita Collazo-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Collection Site

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Podostemaceae are extremely susceptible to local extinction by habitat loss. Since ~70 % of the river systems in Mexico show some degree of water contamination, it is relevant to generate information about seed storage and germination behavior to design germplasm conservation strategies (<em>e.g</em>., <em>ex situ</em> seed banks) of Mexican podostemads.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses</strong>: Seed germination decreases as seed storage time increases. Further, light quality, temperature and collection site influence similarly the germination response of both species.</p><p><strong>Studied species</strong>: <em>Marathrum foeniculaceum</em> Humb. &amp; Bonpl., <em>Noveloa coulteriana</em> (Tul.)<em> </em>C. Philbrick</p><p><strong>Study site and years of study</strong>: 13 different seeds collections (1996-2013), at four locations in the rivers Horcones and Arroyo del Rincon Jalisco, México. </p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: A germination chamber experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of temperature, light quality and storage time on the germination of both species.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Seeds lose viability after nine years of storage. In both species, the time to reach the highest Accumulated Germination Percentage (AGP) was faster in seeds of one-two yr compared to seeds of six-seven yr. <em>N. coulteriana</em> have significant differences in Final Germination Percentage (FGP) between collection rivers. Storage time affects AGP of <em>N. </em>coulteriana more than in <em>M. foeniculaceum.</em></p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Both species can form <em>ex situ</em> seed banks up to 8 yr age in paper bags storage. <em>N. coulteriana</em> is more susceptible to variation in storage conditions compared to <em>M. </em><em>foeniculaceum</em>. Collection site affect seed germination after storing.  Long-term conventional <em>ex situ</em> seed germination storage is not a viable strategy to conserve germplasm of Podostemaceae.</p>

Seedling emergence of hummock grasses in relation to the effects of fire.

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bogusiak ◽  
B Rice ◽  
M Westoby ◽  
MH Friedel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
National Park ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration

The ecology of hummock-grass vegetation involves recurring fires. The hypothesis was tested that soil seed banks of hummock grass species are stimulated to germinate by the heat of fire or by ash addition. Hummocks of Plectrachne schinzii Henr., Triodia basedowii E. Pritz., and Triodia pungens R. Br. were burned, removed, or removed with the ash returned, and subsequent regeneration was recorded, in Ulum National Park. Regeneration of hummock grass was by seedlings only. Seedling emergence averaged 5/m2, with no differences between treatments or hummock grass species. This indicates the heat of fires and ash addition may not be important in stimulating seed germination of these hummock grass populations. Gemination was distributed over more than one rainfall event following the treatments.

scholarly journals A study of soil seed banks across one complete chronosequence of secondary succession in a karst landscape

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10226
Author(s):  
Xiaole He ◽  
Li Yuan ◽  
Zhen Hong Wang ◽  
Zizong Zhou ◽  
Li Wan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Secondary Succession ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Seed Density ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Karst Landscape ◽  
Before And After

Anthropogenic disturbance and distinctive geochemistry have resulted in rocky desertification in many karst regions of the world. Seed banks are crucial to vegetation regeneration in degraded karst ecosystems characterized by a discontinuous distribution of soil and seasonal drought stress. However, the dynamics of seed banks across one complete series of secondary succession and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We selected eight typical stages during secondary succession, conducted aboveground vegetation survey and collected 960 soil samples in the Guiyang karst landscape of China. Seed density, species richness and plant life forms in seed banks were determined via the germination method. The results indicated that the seed density in seed banks before and after field seed germination was significantly different among most succession stages. Community succession had impacts on the seed density of seed banks before and after field seed germination. Seed density ranged from 1,042 seedlings.m−2 in evergreen broadleaf forests to 3,755 seedlings.m−2 in the herb community, which was a relatively high density. The seed density and similar species composition between the seed banks and vegetation declined with succession from early to later stages. Species richness in seed banks was highest in middle succession stages and increased with increasing species richness of aboveground vegetation. The species richness of the five life forms in the seed banks showed different variations across these succession stages. The conservation of diverse aboveground vegetation can maintain the diversity of seed banks for restoration.

scholarly journals Seed germination ecophysiology of the wild pineapple, Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B.Sm. (Bromeliaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Augusto Oliveira Silveira ◽  
Jean Carlos Santos ◽  
Geraldo Wilson Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
And Storage

In this study we investigated the effects of light, temperature, and storage on seed germination of the wild pineapple Ananasananassoides, an understorey species found in cerrado woodlands. Seeds were germinated at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ºC and a 12-hr photoperiod and continuous darkness for 30-d. Seeds were photoblastic and the optimum temperatures for germination were 25 and 30 ºC. Seeds stored for 12-mo at room temperature and at 4 ºC were set to germinate at optimum conditions. Germinability of stored seeds did not differ from that of recently collected seeds, regardless of storage temperature, indicating their physiological potential for seed bank formation. Our results suggest that as in tropical rainforests, light may be an important factor controlling recruitment from seed banks for small-sized species from the cerrado woodlands.

scholarly journals Factors affecting germination of great bindweed (Calystegia silvatica) seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Kerry C. Harrington ◽  
Tracey L. Gawn ◽  
Cory Matthew ◽  
Hossein Ghanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Hard Seed Coat ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Great bindweed (Calystegia silvatica) invades riparian plantings in New Zealand but little is known about the factors influencing seed germination of this species, the number of seeds produced per flower or whether seed banks build up in the soil below infested sites. Dormancy-breaking treatments involving scarification and/or pre-chilling of seeds were evaluated. The effect of temperature on germination was also studied. The presence of viable seeds in capsules on vines and in the soil beneath established stands was quantified. Great bindweed seeds needed scarification but not a period of cold temperature to germinate. Germination occurred from 5oC to 25oC but germination was greater and more rapid at higher temperatures. Seed capsules contained an average of only 2.3 seeds, and the soil beneath plants had, on average, only 21.9 seeds/m2. Seeds were large with one thousand seeds weighing 43.4 g. Once the hard seed coat is broken, seeds will germinate readily at warmer times of the year, but seed production is not prolific so seeds might not be that important for spread of the species.

Storage duration, light, temperature and salinity exposure influence germination of the glycophyte Rhanterium epapposum

Botany ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Bhatt ◽  
María Mercedes Carón ◽  
David Gallacher ◽  
Paulo Roberto de Moura Souza-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Storage Duration

Regeneration of native species is the first priority for biodiversity conservation and restoration. To this end it is key to have seeds properly conserved in seed banks and knowledge of seed longevity and/or dormancy alleviation at different storage time intervals. In addition, understanding germination response of the stored seeds to environmental conditions improves the efficiency of restoration and rehabilitation projects. We investigated the influence of storage duration (1 to 5 years), light (0, 12 hours light), thermoperiod (night/day temperatures of 15/20 and 20/25°C), and salinity (0, 100, 200 and 400 mM of NaCl) on seed germination of Rhanterium epapposum, a glycophytic species from the Arabian Peninsula. Seeds maintained viability after five years of storage indoors at room temperature. Three years of storage alleviated seed dormancy. Exposure to 12 hours light per day and 15/20°C thermoperiods enhanced seed germination. Seeds were glycophytic; afteripened seeds exposed to salinity exhibited reduced germination that did not recover after salinity alleviation.

scholarly journals Impacts of Prosopis juliflora L. on Soil Seed Bank Flora in Amibara Rangeland of Afar Regional State, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Noha ◽  
Lisanework Nigatu ◽  
Rejila Manikandan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Species Similarity

Background: Prosopis juliflora L. is an evergreen exotic weedy species seriously devastating valuable rangeland resources in arid and semi-arid parts of Ethiopia. Its increasing alarming rate of invasiveness had affecting the livelihood of the pastoral communities in Amibara rangeland of Afar National Regional State. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Prosopis juliflora L. on soil seed bank flora. Methods: The total of 20 soil samples were collected from five sites by measuring sample quadrats of (20 m × 20 m) area were laid out and the soil samples from each quadrant were taken from 5 sub-quadrats/m2, one from the center and four from the corners, at two depths (0-3 cm and 3-10 cm). The soil samples from the identical layers were mixed in plastic bags to form composite sample. Finally, the composite samples were transported to the Haramaya University to conduct seed germination test in the greenhouse. The soil samples were spread thinly (2 cm thickness) over sterilized soil in shallow trays (20 cm × 25 cm) placed on a bench and allowed for seed germination. Result: The total of 38 herbaceous plant species /m2 belongs to 16 families were emerged in the upper and lower layer (0-3 cm and 3-10 cm) of the soil seed bank samples. The highest values of species diversity were (3.17) in Awash-arba, (3.15) in Alaydagi, (3.04) in Kurkura within m2 area at the depth of 0-3 cm. While the least diversity values of 2.75 in Melka-Werer and 2.77 was recorded in Sarkamo. Jaccard’s coefficient similarity index was exhibited high species similarity of 55.6% in the upper soil seed bank layers (0-3 cm) in Melka-were and Sarkamo. Whereas, species similarities of 45.2% were obtained in the lower layer (3-10 cm) soil seed banks in Awash-arba and upper layer soil seed bank in Alaydagi respectively. While species similarity was decreases as 31.8% in the lower layer soil seed banks in Sarkamo and Kurkura. Increasing species richness and the diversity was also noticed in under open canopy upper layer soil seed bank samples, while decreasing richness and diversity observed in under closed canopy. This indicates that the Prosopis juliflora L. tree has high growth retarding potential on its under canopy soil seed bank flora and in the lower layer soil seed bank samples also.

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