scholarly journals THE ISSUE OF LS-OPTIMIZATION SATELLITE GEODETIC NETWORKS IN THE TERRESTRIAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Padve ◽  
Nikolay S. Kosarev
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Computational Experiment ◽  
Satellite Network ◽  
Geodetic Networks ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Gnss Measurements ◽  
Parametric Version ◽  
New Item

The issue of processing GNSS measurements performed to add a new item into a "hard" network is discussed. Two variants of this add: «beam» and «network» are compared. A fragment of the satellite network, which includes five "hard" points of the main network and one defined, acted as the object on which the computational experiment was carried out, testing the theory of this question. The processing of observational materials is implemented in to Excel electronic computational table using an algorithm synthesized version of the parametric version of LS-optimization of spatial data. The «insert» coordinates obtained as a result of this processing and their average square errors were identical for both variants, which is what follows from the theory of LS-optimization of measurement results taking into account of the errors of the coordinates of «hard» points.

scholarly journals Updating of digital topographic maps in the new national spatial coordinate system: case Fergana valley in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dilbarkhon Fazilova ◽  
Hasan Magdiev
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Topographic Maps ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Geodetic Coordinate System ◽  
Geocentric Coordinate System

Abstract. The classical geodetic coordinate system (CS42) in Uzbekistan uses the Krasovsky ellipsoid. The implementation of new information technologies, such as the Global Navigation Satellite System, became the basis for the development of a new national open geocentric coordinate system. This paper describes the development of a distortion grid for transforming horizontal spatial data from the local geodetic datum CS42 to a geocentric datum WGS84 for 1:100000 scale maps of the Fergana Valley in Uzbekistan. A first version of the distortion grid file has been created for transforming between CS42 and WGS84 for the whole territory of the country. The significant influence of the longitudinal drift of the region has been confirmed. The grid was used to transform topographic maps at a scale of 1:100000 for the Fergana Valley. Changing the map datum has shifted the grid of coordinate systems by 70 m in the East and 7 m in the North.

scholarly journals GEOINFORMATION SUPPORT FOR AUTOMATED TEST PLANNING SUBSYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
I. Korniienko ◽  
S. Korniienko ◽  
S. Moskalets ◽  
S. Kaznachey ◽  
O. Zhyrna
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Test System ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
Test Automation ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
Test Planning ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Functional Scheme ◽  
Measurement Results

The process of testing weapons and military equipment involves numerous manual labor-intensive operations. Such operations can be simplified by fully or partially automating the test planning stages, conducting them directly, and processing the test results. Feature of testing weapons and military equipment is the large amount of data that somehow has a spatial location. One of the modern tools of cartographic representation, processing and analysis of statistical data arrays that have spatial localization, geospatial modeling and situation forecasting is the technology of geoinformation systems. The article substantiates the feasibility of using geoinformation systems as part of the weapons testing system and military equipment. The functional scheme of integration of the geoinformation component into the structure of the test automation subsystem is presented for geoinformation support of the processes of testing planning and processing of measurement results. An approach to the creation of geoinformation models of test sites is proposed, based on the use of methods of remote sensing of land and open Web-GIS resources. The list of functional modules of spatial data processing and analysis, which can be applied to the tasks of testing, is distributed in the geoinformation toolkit. Examples of typical spatial tasks that can be performed during test planning, direct testing, processing, and analysis of measurement results, if such data are spatially linked. The use of geoinformation technology in the test system will provide an arsenal of qualitatively new methods of digital cartography, such as the technology of automated preparation of cartographic information in the accepted cartographic projections and symbols, mass processing of arrays of measured data, a wide toolkit of mathematical and cartographic methods and functions, features and functions own methods, algorithms and methods of statistical information processing, create and use object-oriented geoinformation data models, operate with a set of visualization tools for the best presentation of research and simulation results.

scholarly journals Analysis of changes in the coordinates of the “Tavaksay” geodynamic polygon

2021 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Erkin Mirmakhmudov ◽  
Vahidjon Niyazov ◽  
Vazira Makhamatova ◽  
Nozima Muminova
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Covariance Matrix ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Laser Measurements ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Spatial System ◽  
Gnss Measurements

This article presents the results of GNSS and laser measurements at the “Tavaksay” geodynamic polygon. Describes the classical methods for determining the change in coordinates based on triangulation and leveling. Ways to improve the accuracy of local microplate tectonics using navigation systems are outlined here.The coordinates of the benchmarks were calculated in the rectangular GaussKruger coordinate system and the spatial system B, L, H for CK42 and WGS84.The trilateration method for determining the distances between points of the geodynamic network is analyzed. An assessment of the accuracy of the coordinates of points and the distances between them, depending on the number of measurement cycles, has been made.The accuracy of the trilateration and GNSS method for this network is graphically presented. The diagonal elements of the covariance matrix of GNSS measurements are investigated. It is proposed to make homogeneous GNSS and laser measurements at the tops of the hills at a certain time interval to study local deformation processes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Multiple Coordinate Systems and Datum Transformations on the Calculated Coordinates in Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Ghadi Younis
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Local Coordinate System ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
The West ◽  
Transformation Methods ◽  
Gnss Data ◽  
Gis Software

AbstractThe recent developments in spatial data collection, management and software require the availability of proper geodetic infrastructures for integrating different types and sources of coordinates without causing effective changes in positions. Nowadays, positions are mostly collected by GNSS data collectors based on WGS84/ITRF reference systems. The data are then subjected to transformations and projections to a locally used system. Another possibility is direct data collection based on the local coordinate system by classical surveys using land surveying, photogrammetry, laser scanning, etc. The spatial data management is commonly operated using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software for mapping, analysis, planning, and other services. The conversions between different coordinate systems should be well defined to guarantee the consistency of the coordinates on all systems and tools. In Palestine, the classical and local surveys are all based on the local coordinate system Pal1923Grid for engineering, cadastral and planning applications. The different GNSS RTK-service providers use different definitions and transformation methods between WGS84 or the International Terrestrial Reference Frames (ITRF) and the local Palestine1923Grid, whereas the Land authority has adopted a group of parameters to be implemented on the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data collectors, which do not fit with Palestine1923Grid properties. Additionally, different transformation methods are used in GIS applications for converting the coordinates between the different systems using WGS84 as an intermediate system. Here, the coordinates of a group of the geodetic network in the West Bank of Palestine are used to assess the accuracy of the different transformations and systems by comparing the transformed coordinates using the GNSS system and the originally registered coordinates. Furthermore, a grid of points covering the coordinate system extents is used to describe the differences between the transformations and systems. It was found that the parameters provided by GNSS service providers have results that are consistent with each other and the geodetic network in the West Bank of Palestine compared to GIS-software parameters. By contrast, all systems have extremely deteriorated coordinates in the Gaza strip and the further parts of the Pal1923Grid extents.

scholarly journals Concept of spatial coordinate systems, their defining and implementation as a precondition in geospatial applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Zoran Nedeljkovic ◽  
Aleksandar Sekulic
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Reference Network ◽  
Abstract Entity ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Geodetic Reference Frame

There are many users of spatial information, and quite large interest about the nature and genesis of such information. Different users found spatial information in the form of maps, plans or alphanumerical tables. Recently, there are more often in the form of spatial databases, and in the form of geographic information systems. What is behind these spatial data? On what foundation are they designed? In this article we look at the basic aspects of space, dimensionality and global coordinate systems in applications of global geospatial research. Here is explained the definition of the coordinate system as an abstract entity and, consequently, its implementation or establishment in the form of a geodetic reference frame, as real geodetic reference network. The applicative aspect of coordinate systems in this article is emphasized through recommendations and considerations during usage of their different implementations.

scholarly journals The Highest Peaks of the Mountains: Comparing the Use of GNSS, LiDAR Point Clouds, DTMs, Databases, Maps, and Historical Sources

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5731
Author(s):  
Stanisław Szombara ◽  
Marta Róg ◽  
Krystian Kozioł ◽  
Kamil Maciuk ◽  
Bogdan Skorupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Spatial Data Sets ◽  
Gnss Measurements

Advances in remote data acquisition techniques have contributed to the flooding of society with spatial data sets and information. Widely available spatial data sets, including digital terrain models (DTMs) from aerial laser scanning (ALS) data, are finding more and more new applications. The article analyses and compares the heights of the 14 highest peaks of the Polish Carpathians derived from different data sources. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) geodetic measurements were used as reference. The comparison primarily involves ALS data, and selected peaks’ GNSS measurements carried out with Xiaomi Mi 8 smartphones were also compared. Recorded raw smartphone GNSS measurements were used for calculations in post-processing mode. Other data sources were, among others, global and local databases and models and topographic maps (modern and old). The article presents an in-depth comparison of Polish and Slovak point clouds for two peaks. The results indicate the possible use of large-area laser scanning in determining the maximum heights of mountain peaks and the need to use geodetic GNSS measurements for selected peaks. For the Polish peak of Rysy, the incorrect classification of point clouds causes its height to be overestimated. The conclusions presented in the article can be used in the dissemination of knowledge and to improve positioning methods.

Positioning of Horizontal Geodetic Datums

1974 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vanicek ◽  
D. E. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Network Adjustment ◽  
Control Networks ◽  
Geodetic Networks ◽  
Geocentric Coordinates ◽  
Horizontal Control

This paper treats the classical problem of positioning horizontal geodetic datums. By ‘classical problem’ we mean the problem we face when dealing with the usual horizontal control networks, as opposed to some of the more modern ideas, such as the use of geocentric coordinates, or the ideas of Hotine [1959, 1969]. Our basic assumption is that a coordinate system is a fixed framework (i.e., invariant with respect to network adjustment, readjustment, or expansion) for describing geodetic networks. Our view is that a coordinate system and the network it describes are two different things (this view is not universally accepted within the geodetic community).

Accuracy estimation of GNSS observations at a reference basis as a means of testing the measuring equipment of local geodynamic monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 961 (7) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
V.I. Kaftan ◽  
V.N. Tatarinov ◽  
A.I. Manevich ◽  
A.N. Prusakov ◽  
A.V. Kaftan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
Special Technique ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Gnss Measurements

The procedures of GNSS-equipment accuracy testing are considered in the aspect of the matter of predicting the earth’s crust movements and deformations when substantiating the geoecological safety of highly radioactive waste disposal in geological formations. For verification, the 1st category reference basis of the Federal Scientific-Technical Center for Geodesy, Cartography and Spatial Data Infrastructurе was used. The experiment was performed with a two-system GNSS equipment of the geodetic class. The session of simultaneous observations at the points of the reference basis lasted 4 hours. A special technique is proposed for assessing the contribution to the total error of each measuring equipment set. The technique is based on the well-known procedure of determining the basis lengths from linear measurements in all combinations using the least squares method. Estimates of the GNSS measurements accuracy for simultaneous observing two global navigation systems GLONASS and GPS are obtained. The root-mean-square error of the contribution to measuring the baseline vector length of one equipment set was 2,9 mm.

The lunar influence on the vertical deflections and gravity variations

2017 ◽  
Vol 928 (10) ◽  
pp. 2-9
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Computational Experiment ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Earth Gravity ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Gravity Measurements ◽  
Gravity Variations ◽  
Accuracy Increase

The increase of building complexity causes the raise of requirements for accuracy of geodetic observations and the necessity to revise the variety of factors influencing the measurement results. Such factors include the lunar influence on the gravity intensity and direction. The necessity of correcting geodetic observations by the lunar influence and estimation of their highest influence on the Earth gravity and vertical deflections are outlined. The results obtained from the computational experiment on extreme values estimation of vertical deflections (up to 1''), variations of measured heights (up to 0,5 mm by 100 m) and gravity variations (up to 5,44 × 10^(-5) m∙kg / с^2) are sufficient to modify the existing techniques for precision leveling and gravity observations. Another argument in favor of the need to take into account the Moon influence and other factors is the accuracy increase of geodetic instruments (levels and gravimeters).Without changing the method of performing high-precision leveling and gravity measurements and entering the necessary corrections, real accuracy increase of these works can not be achieved. In this case, the ideas about the accuracy achieved, for example, when it is estimated by internal convergence, will be overestimated.

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