scholarly journals MODERN METHODS OF GROUND-BASED INTERFEROMETRY IN MONITORING ADJACENT ROCK MASSES IN OPEN PIT MINING

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Vitalij A. Shavorin ◽  
Andrej E. Kuleshov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
World Market ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mine Development ◽  
Adjacent Rock

This article analyzes modern monitoring methods using ground-based interferometric radars. Currently, there are only a few companies on the world market that offer interferometric scanning solutions. These are IDS (Italy), part of the Hexagon group, Groundprobe (Australia), Reutech (South Africa) and the very rare LISA (JRC-Lisalab) and GPRI (Gamma Remote Sensing). Such radars can be used in the open pit mine development of mineral resources for monitoring the safety of adjacent rock masses, dumps and dams. The article considers the general principle of interferometric radars’ operation and differences between them. It also describes different types of aerials, which are being used nowadays in ground-based interferometric scanning. The analysis results enabled to formulate the recommendations for using different type radars depending on the strategy of geotechnical monitoring.

scholarly journals On the Measures to Solve Environmental Problems of the Territory with Intensive Open Pit Coal Mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Tatiana Gvozdkova ◽  
Pawel Stefanek ◽  
Michaela Koščová
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Disturbed Land ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Suitable Form

Ecological problems in the open pit mining of coal deposits are extremely hard, since mining operations are accompanied by disturbed land to a large depth with significant changes in the landscape, hydrometeorological conditions, mixing of rocks and removal of infertile or even harmful rocks with radioactive isotopes to the surface. Disturbed lands are unusable if they are not repaired. All man-made disturbances of the environment caused by open pit mining are divided into landscape (changes in terrain, vegetation and soil cover) and environmental (violation of living conditions within the allotment and adjacent lands: changes in water regime, pollution of the soil, air and water basins) onesOne of the most important areas in the field of environmental protection is the reclamation (restoration) of the earth’s surface. In accordance with the requirements of the protection of the subsoil, enterprises engaged in the development of mineral deposits are obliged at their own expense to bring disturbed lands into a state suitable form for their further use. Reclamation of ought to be carried out during open pit mining operations and must be completed after mining of mineral resources in the terms established by the authorities that provide land for use.

Philippine mining minister faces president pressures

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mining Projects

Significance On the agenda is the issue of legislation on open-pit mining and the stopping of the export of unprocessed ores. This follows Cimatu’s confirmation in post by the Commission on Appointments on October 4. Previously acting secretary, Cimatu replaced the controversial Regina Lopez, who was not confirmed as environment secretary earlier this year. The Philippine mining industry was wary of Lopez’s pro-environment, anti-mining policies, and now wants to see what Cimatu’s plans are. Impacts Under Cimatu, mining firms could gain more opportunities to engage with policymakers. Environmental and anti-mining groups will see Cimatu’s appointment as a betrayal; protests are possible at mining projects. Peace in Mindanao would unlock an estimated 1 trillion dollars in untapped mineral resources.

scholarly journals Methodological approach to creation of the 3D model of an oval-shaped open pit mine

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serik Moldabayev ◽  
Bolatbek Rysbaiuly ◽  
Zhanat Sultanbekova ◽  
Nurzhigit Sarybayev
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Phased Development

A 3D model of optimal contours phased development of oval-shaped open pit mines is proposed in the article. It is assumed that with enough accuracy the volumetric contour of the open pit mine is interpolated by an elongated elliptic hyperboloid. The calculation formulas for mineral resources are derived and optimal volumes of overburden are determined depending on the mining phase. In this case, the total number of mining phases is set in advance. The stripping ratio is used as a quality criterion of the optimization task. The problem of optimal control is solved using the Bellman function in dynamic programming. All the necessary calculation formulas are obtained in the final form by solving the optimization problem. Their simplicity and substantiation of each conclusion ensure that the results of this study can be successfully applied in practical calculations of the design and planning of mining operations in open pit mining.

Seismic attenuation spectra in rock mass characterization; a case study in open‐pit mining

Geophysics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Young ◽  
J. J. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Seismic Attenuation ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Rock Mass Characterization ◽  
Fracture Anisotropy

The application of engineering geophysics to the characterization of rock masses is exemplified through a case study of three phases of a research project into the design of efficient blasting systems in open‐pit mining. Seismic experiments are used before and after mine blasting to monitor the efficiency of explosions in terms of rock fragmentation. Spectral analysis of seismic signals, after they have been used to interrogate rock masses, is used to compute preblast and postblast attenuation and velocity parameters. The results show that fragmentation efficiency of a mine blast and fracture anisotropy of a rock mass can be quantified in terms of three‐dimensional (3-D) attenuation spectra and polar anisotropy diagrams. These seismic data are correlated with the blast design and the energy used by the excavating dragline machine to dig to rock mass. An overview of the seismic attenuation technique and instrumentation used in the project (phases I and II) is given. A case study from phase III highlights the scope and interpretation of the relationship between excavation parameters and seismically characterized blasting efficiency.

scholarly journals Evaluation Principles of the Dust Influence of Mining Enterprises on the Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semen G. Gendler ◽  
Marat L. Rudakov ◽  
Vladimir S. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Refuse Dumps ◽  
Probabilistic Nature

Abstract It has been noted that the areas disturbed by open-pit mining together with the production processes in the extraction of mineral resources (drilling, blasting, transportation, etc.) have a negative influence on the environment in general and the atmosphere in particular. It has been indicated that, in percentage terms, dusting of refuse dumps and tailing dumps plays a prevailing role in the total amount of dust generated. It has been stated that the processes of formation and subsequent transfer of dust in the atmosphere depend on the combination of meteorological and mining factors that have a probabilistic nature in time and space. It has been shown that the maximum value of environmental risk characterises the level of dust influence, at which reduction environmental protection measures should be directed. The present paper proposes a procedure for evaluation of the dusty influence of mining enterprises on the environment. Under the conditions of Olenegorsk GOK, a GIS has been compiled – a project of the study area and, based on geo-information modelling, the results of calculating dust concentrations in the air have been imposed on a digital map of the area.

Using heat as a potential groundwater Tracer through Stratigraphically Complex  Media at the Victor Diamond Mine Site

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara Walker
Keyword(s):  
Water Movement ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mine Site ◽  
Groundwater Movement ◽  
Limestone Bedrock ◽  
Fractured Limestone ◽  
Mine Development ◽  
Bedrock Aquifer

The Victor Diamond Mine site near Attawapiskat, Ontario will begin mine development in the fall of 2007. The area around the site is characterized by two to three meters thick patterned peatland, which in turn is underlain by sand and silt, variable marine clay, and a large limestone bedrock aquifer. Bioherms, which are large, fractured limestone rocks that extend upward from the bedrock, to the surface in some cases, are complicating features to consider in the mine development planning. There is concern thatdewatering the aquifer for open pit mining may lead to disruptions in the surface peatlands due to draining through the bioherms. Dewatering the aquifer could impact the hydrological and ecological balance of the peatland, but the magnitude of the effect depends on the characteristics of the connections between the peatland and the underlying materials, which are currently unknown. A five year research program has commenced at the site to gain insight to the material behaviour and to study changes at the site asdevelopment progresses. This project will analyze the potential to use heat as a tracer for groundwater  movement, and to integrate the findings into the long­term monitoring plan. Heat tracing may be used to test hypotheses for water movement at the site, and to detect areas of particular concern during dewatering. It is expected that collecting  ormation about the site in this way and implementing monitoring plans will prevent, or at least anticipate, significant changes in the peatland ecosystem. 

scholarly journals Safety Analysis of Synergetic Operation of Backfilling the Open Pit Using Tailings and Excavating the Ore Deposit Underground

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Qinli Zhang ◽  
Bingyi Zhang ◽  
Qiusong Chen ◽  
Daolin Wang ◽  
Xiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Underground Mining ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Metal Mine ◽  
Paste Backfill ◽  
Backfill Strength

The transition from open pit mining to underground mining is essential for mineral resources to achieve deep excavation. Recently, cemented paste backfill (CPB) has been proposed as a novel technology to achieve open pit backfill (OPB). The proposed method not only eliminates the danger of the open-pit slope but also reduces the disposal of waste tailings. In order to ensure safe mining during the synergetic operation of OPB and underground mining, it is of great significance to improve this technology. In the present study, an open-pit metal mine in Anhui Province was taken as the research object. Then, the safety of underground stope roofs, underground backfill pillars, and open-pit slopes was evaluated during OPB. To this end, numerical simulations were performed and experiments were conducted on a similar physical model. Accordingly, the backfill mechanical parameters were optimized. The obtained results show that backfill height exerts the most significant effect on the safety of roofs and underground backfill pillars, accompanied by small displacements along the vertical direction during the backfill process. Moreover, concentration was observed at the foot of the slope, while the overall structure remained stable with no considerable displacement. The overall safety factors met the safety requirements. Based on the obtained results, the optimal foundation strength, foundation height, backfill strength and backfill height were 4 MPa, 10 m, 1.5 MPa, and 120 m, respectively. Moreover, it was concluded that displacements in the abovementioned three regions tend to be stable when the backfill height exceeds 150 m without damage. The present article provides a certain theoretical and application guideline for OPB practices in similar metal mines and suggests possibilities for cleaner production.

scholarly journals Study on the influence of the deformation zones of the quarry sides on the rock mass movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Vokhid Kadirov ◽  
Sherzod Karimov ◽  
Uchqun Qushshayev ◽  
Durdona Sharapova
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
The Stability

The article presents a study and analysis of the causes of deformation of the slopes and sides of the quarry indicates that the magnitude and nature of the deformation processes depend on the height of the ledge, the angle of slope of the slopes, the physical and mechanical properties, the lithological and structural features of the instrument array and the geodynamic activity of the fault zones. The influence of the deformation zones of the sides of the quarry on the transport of rock masses is justified. The zone of deformed masses of the ore deposit, which affect the movement of the rock mass, is studied. Each process performed in open pit mining is linked to another workflow. Without ensuring the safety of mining operations and performing the tasks set is impossible. Transportation of rock masses in the lower horizons of a deep quarry is one of the main tasks of the industry. At the same time, the removal of deformation and landslides in the area where the transport berm is being constructed for draining and continuous transportation is the main goal of the quarry. The stability of the transport berm depends directly on the stability of the side of the quarry. It is determined that the choice of a single-lane or twolane transport berm constructed for heavy-duty quarry dump trucks depends on the condition of the side of the quarry.

scholarly journals Calculation of Boundary Stripping Ratio Errors at the Stage of Quarries Designing

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 01043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei Selyukov ◽  
Radim Rybár
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Construction Operation

The open pit mining method of solid minerals extracting is widely used both in Russia and in the whole world, and sets a general direction of mining industry development as its main tool, at least for the next decades. This is due to its significant advantages compared with other methods of minerals extraction, especially with underground method. This conclusion is made considering production capacity of mining and enrichment enterprises, mining safety, productivity and working conditions, investment and operating costs, level of mechanization, automation, robotization, informatization and computerization of production, full use of mineral resources. However, the practical realization of these advantages of the open pit method of mining, neutralization and reduction or elimination of its shortcomings (environmental damage) requires thorough and reliable design solutions, their timely and accurate adjustment, application of scientific methods and modern technical and technological means. This is especially important and relevant for design, construction, operation, reconstruction and reclamation of open pits developing complex and large deposits of scarce and valuable mineral resources. Erroneous and insufficiently substantiated design solutions and their implementation lead to a significant decrease in the efficiency of open pit mining.

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