scholarly journals FLOW METER OF MINERALIZATION FOR AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Alexander K. Manstein ◽  
Pavel A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Measuring Cell ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Electrode Sensor ◽  
Side Walls

The paper presents the elements of the development of the hardware and software complex "Flow meter of mineralization of aqueous solutions", designed for the rapid assessment of salinity of solutions directly in metal pipelines, with a permanent installation of a two-electrode sensor in an explosive zone, at pressures up to 160 atm. and with side walls of the measuring cell made of steel.

A Rapid Viscous-Inviscid Interaction Method for the Preliminary Design of S-Shaped Transition Ducts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Veyrat ◽  
J. F. Carrotte ◽  
A. D. Walker ◽  
C. Hall ◽  
H. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Layer Growth ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Interaction Method ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Potential Core ◽  
Law Of The Wall ◽  
Streamline Curvature ◽  
Use Of Time

Abstract For preliminary design of compressor transition ducts, knowledge-based tools for the rapid assessment of aerodynamic performance of S-shaped ducts are not currently available in the open literature. This is due to the highly complex flow developing under the combined influence of pressure gradients and streamline curvature. This paper presents a new approach enabling an agile design process avoiding premature use of time-consuming high-fidelity CFD calculations. The features of a 2D axisymmetric incompressible steady flow field are captured with a semi-analytical viscous inviscid interaction method. A potential core, based on streamline curvature and implicit velocity profile by parametric spline reconstruction, is coupled to an integral method predicting the turbulent boundary layer growth up to separation. The shear stress distribution is generated by a modified mixing length model for strongly curved flows and wall shear stress closure is performed by inverse calculation of a composite law-of-the-wall. When compared to CFD, the aerodynamic loading is generally predicted to within ±3% but convergence is achieved 20 times faster.

scholarly journals Hardware-software complex for the study of sedimentation processes in technical and biological suspensions of aggregating micro- and nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
The State ◽  
Inhomogeneous Field ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Sedimentation Processes

A new hardware-software complex is proposed for automatic registration, processing and analysis of sedimentation curves in technical or biological suspensions of aggregating micro- or nanoparticles to assess the aging index of the industrial fluids, the state of microbiological suspensions, or medical diagnostics. The complex includes a centrifuge to create an inhomogeneous field of forces that accelerate the settling process. Registration of the sedimentation curves as the height of the column of aggregates in the lower part of the sedimentation tube is carried out using optical sensors. The curves can be taken repeatedly with or without the addition of various substances. The proposed method was tested, and the correspondence of the values ​​of the 1-hour index of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the 10-minutes centrifuge test was confirmed on a large data set. A three-phase mathematical model of the suspension is developed. This model more accurately describes the dynamics of sedimentation processes compared to the two-phase model. Computer code for the curves processing and calculation of the indices characterizing the state of the suspension is developed. Based on this model a new index is proposed to evaluate the state of suspension. It has advantages because it does not require bringing the test samples to the same concentrations. Using the mathematical model you can determine and the rate of aggregation of suspension particles. As a result a rapid assessment of the aggregation ability of suspension which characterizes the "age" of technical suspension is possible. An example of the use of the complex to assess the indicator of aggregation of red blood cells in order to diagnose the presence of food or drug allergies is given.

scholarly journals CALIBRATION OF ULTRASONIC FLOWMETER FOR WI-FI NETWORK WITH THE HELP OF WEB BROWSER

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
M. A. Velichko ◽  
Yu. P. Gladkikh ◽  
O. N. Satler
Keyword(s):  
Operating Systems ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Laptop Computer ◽  
Flow Meter ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Flow Meters ◽  
Software Complex

Objectives. The purpose of the work was to change the method of signal transmission containing metrological information from industrial time-pulse ultrasonic gas flow meter to a compu-ting device (CD). It was planned to expand the range of devices serving as gas flow calculators. A hardware-software complex (HSC) for automatic calibration / verification of ultrasonic flowmeters was to be developed. This HSC should work equally well on different operating systems. The information exchange between the CD and the flowmeter was to be carried out wirelessly.Method. The Wi-Fi Pro-tocol was used as a wireless Protocol. The energy-efficient ESP8266 controller was chosen as micro-controller to provide the functionality of Wi-Fi. The ESP8266 board acted as a Wi-Fi access point on the network to which CD was connected for data exchange. The ESP8266 microcontroller also served as a HTTP server. Exchange of metrological and other information was carried out by GET-requests. Given the need for continuous flow measurements and simultaneous communication between the user and the flow meter, requests to the server were transmitted using AJAX technology. The software part of the APK consisted of 3 programs: a program that measured the flow and transmitted the information further to the ESP8266 microcontroller, a server program recorded in ESP8266, providing a response to the requests of CD users, and the client program installed on the CD. The article discusses the key points of the HSC.Result. As a result of this work, the HSC was processed for calibration/verification of ultrasonic gas flow meters. For the first time this process for industrial flow meters was implemented using the ESP8266Wi-Fi controller as an access point. As a WU, it became possible to use any desktop or laptop computer or mobile device with a modern browser.Conclusion. The method proposed in the paper significantly simplified the data exchange between the VU and the flowmeter, reduced the cost of software development due to the common approach for different operating systems.

CFD Aided Investigation of Multipath Ultrasonic Gas Flow Meter Performance Under Complex Flow Profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 897-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huichao Zhao ◽  
Lihui Peng ◽  
Sonh Aubin Stephane ◽  
Hiroaki Ishikawa ◽  
Kazuyoshi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Flow Meter

Unsteady Three-Dimensional Natural Convection in an Inclined Air Slot With a Hexagonal Honeycomb Core

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 634-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Asako ◽  
Y. Yamaguchi ◽  
T. Yamanaka ◽  
M. Faghri
Keyword(s):  
Natural Convection ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Fully Implicit ◽  
Oscillating Solutions ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Side Walls

Unsteady three-dimensional natural convection heat transfer in an inclined air slot with a hexagonal honeycomb enclosure is investigated numerically. The numerical methodology is based on an algebraic coordinate transformation technique that maps the hexagonal cross section onto a rectangle. The transformed governing equations are solved with a control volume discretization scheme using a fully implicit method with time. The computations are performed for inclination angles in the range of 60 to 80 deg for Ra = 104, and in the range of 45 to 80 deg for Ra = 105, for Prandtl number of 0.7, and for a fixed aspect ratio of H/L = 5. A conductive thermal boundary condition for the honeycomb side walls is considered. Both periodic and nonperiodic oscillating solutions are obtained depending on the inclination angle and Rayleigh number. The complex flow patterns are presented in form of particle trajectory maps and are compared with the flow visualization results using microcapsulated liquid crystals.

Ultrathin frozen sections of yeast without aldehyde prefixation

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
K. J. Böhm ◽  
a. E. Unger
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Good Preservation ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections

During the last years it was shown that also by means of cryo-ultra-microtomy a good preservation of substructural details of biological material was possible. However the specimen generally was prefixed in these cases with aldehydes.Preparing ultrathin frozen sections of chemically non-prefixed material commonly was linked up to considerable technical and manual expense and the results were not always satisfying. Furthermore, it seems to be impossible to carry out cytochemical investigations by means of treating sections of unfixed biological material with aqueous solutions.We therefore tried to overcome these difficulties by preparing yeast cells (S. cerevisiae) in the following manner:

Zone-axis ALCHEMI for the rapid assessment of site occupancies in garnets

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 706-707
Author(s):  
M.T. Otten ◽  
P.R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Zone Axis ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Crystallographic Planes

ALCHEMI (Atom Location by CHannelling-Enhanced Microanalysis) is a TEM technique for determining site occupancies in single crystals. The method uses the channelling of incident electrons along specific crystallographic planes. This channelling results in enhanced x-ray emission from the atoms on those planes, thereby providing the required site-occupancy information. ALCHEMI has been applied with success to spinel, olivine and feldspar. For the garnets, which form a large group of important minerals and synthetic compounds, the channelling effect is weaker, and significant results are more difficult to obtain. It was found, however, that the channelling effect is pronounced for low-index zone-axis orientations, yielding a method for assessing site occupancies that is rapid and easy to perform.

Imaging polymers, proteins and dna in aqueous solutions with the atomic force microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
S.A.C. Gould ◽  
B. Drake ◽  
C.B. Prater ◽  
A.L. Weisenhorn ◽  
S.M. Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
Piezoelectric Crystal ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Structure Of Molecules ◽  
Optical Lever

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is an instrument that can be used to image many samples of interest in biology and medicine. Images of polymerized amino acids, polyalanine and polyphenylalanine demonstrate the potential of the AFM for revealing the structure of molecules. Images of the protein fibrinogen which agree with TEM images demonstrate that the AFM can provide topographical data on larger molecules. Finally, images of DNA suggest the AFM may soon provide an easier and faster technique for DNA sequencing.The AFM consists of a microfabricated SiO2 triangular shaped cantilever with a diamond tip affixed at the elbow to act as a probe. The sample is mounted on a electronically driven piezoelectric crystal. It is then placed in contact with the tip and scanned. The topography of the surface causes minute deflections in the 100 μm long cantilever which are detected using an optical lever.

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