scholarly journals Desain sensor massa menggunakan metode macrobending fiber optic

JURNAL ELTEK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Mochammad Junus ◽  
Yoyok Heru Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Mass Sensor ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Power Meter

Kecepatan dalam hal pengiriman data dan komunikasi merupakan hal terus menerus harus diperbaiki dalam era ini. Beberapa permasalahan dapat timbul karena adanya keterlambatan pengiriman data baik itu bertujuan untuk komunikasi atau pengiriman data pengukuran untuk keperluan tertentu. Salah satu solusi yang dapat di lakukan adalah dengan menggunakan fiber optik. Fiber optik kerap digunakan karena keunggulannya dalam kecepatannya dalam hal komunikasi dan pengiriman data. Saat ini, selain untuk berkomunikasi, fiber optik juga banyak dikembangkan di berbagai keperluan. Salah satunya adalah dalam pengiriman data sensor. Penelitian ini mengangkat topik permasalahan yaitu bagaimana mendesain sebuah sensor massa, dengan menggunakan fiber optik sebagai sensor massa dengan memanfaatkan metode macrobending. Kabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan tipe patch core singlemode FC to FC yang dililit dengan variasi 1,3,5,7, dan 9 kali lilitan pada selang elastis berdiamter ¼ inchi, ½ inchi, 5/8 inchi, ¾ inchi dan 1 inchi dengan massa 0,1 Kg- 10 Kg dengan range 200gram. Untuk input menggunkan OLS (Optical light Source) dengan nilai -7 dBm dan nilai output di terima dan dibaca oleh OPM (Optical Power Meter). Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai daya output, loss, losses macrobending, dan rugi-rugi tekanan. Dari penelitian ini, hasil yang didapatkan adalah sebuah rumus matematis hubungan antara beban atau massa dengan rugi-rugi tekanan pada kabel fiber optik. Speed ​​in terms of data transmission and communication is something that must continuously be improved in this era. Several problems can arise due to delays in sending data, either for communication purposes or for sending measurement data for certain purposes. One solution that can be done is to use optical fiber. Optical fiber is often used because of its superiority in speed in terms of communication and data transmission. Currently, in addition to communicating, optical fiber is also being developed for various purposes. One of them is in sending sensor data. This research raises the topic of the problem, namely how to design a mass sensor, using optical fiber as a mass sensor by utilizing the macrobending method. The cables used in this study used a single patch core type FC to FC wrapped with variations of 1,3,5,7, and 9 turns on elastic hoses with diameters of ¼ inch, ½ inch, 5/8 inch, ¾ inch and 1 inch. with a mass of 0.1 kg - 10 kg with a range of 200 grams. For input using an OLS (Optical light Source) with a value of -7 dBm and the output value is received and read by the OPM (Optical Power Meter). From the measurement results obtained the value of output power, loss, macrobending losses, and pressure losses. From this research, the results obtained are a mathematical formula for the relationship between load or mass and pressure losses on fiber optic cables.

scholarly journals Macrobending Loss Analysis on Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Optic Core

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Sisca Arisya Harry Andhina
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Source Test

Macrobending often occurs in optical fibers that embedded in the ground due to shifting of soil or rocks in the ground causing interference in transmission. In this study used single-mode-multimode-singlemode fiber optic cable connected manually and axially measured using a light source test equipment and optical power meter and the results will be compared. The measurement results obtained the greater  value of macrobending losses with the smaller the diameter of the winding, and the greater the number of turns. The highest value of macrobending losses in multimode cables is -1.48dB at 0.5cm diameter with 5 turns, highest value of macrobending losses on single mode cables is -12.73dB at 0.5cm diameter with 5 turns,  lowest value of macrobending losses for multimode cables is -0.44dB at 5cm diameter with 1 twist, lowest macrobending losses in singlemode cables is -1.69dB at 5cm diameter with 1 twist. While the value of macrobending losses on axially connected SMS cables shows the highest value of macrobending losses on multimode cables is -1.12dB in diameter of 0.5cm with 5 turns,  highest value of macrobending losses on singlemode cables is -1.18dB at diameter of 0.5cm with 5 turns,  lowest value for macrobending losses on multimode cables is -0.66dB at 5cm in diameter with 1 twist, the smallest value for macrobending losses on singlemode cables is -0.27dB at 5cm diameter with 1 twist . The measurement results also showed that the macrobending losses of manually connected SMS cables were greater than the macrobending losses of axially connected SMS cables.

An Optical Fiber Sensing Network Supporting Weak Optical Signal Detection and a Neural Network Method for Information Collection

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
Keyuan Liu ◽  
Haibin Li ◽  
Ya Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Information Collection ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Fiber Sensing ◽  
Optical Fiber Sensing

The weak direct current (DC) signals detected and converted by the photodetector are output to the mobile phone by voltage/frequency switching, and the signals are processed by the mobile phone APP and audio conversion module. The photodetector is equipped with the automatic switching function to design an optical power meter and detect weak signals. Meanwhile, the optical cable identification system is analyzed and combined with the optical power meter to generate an optical fiber sensing network to improve the weak alternating current (AC) signal detection. This network needs data fusion in sensor nodes’ data collection. The cluster routing protocol is introduced and combined with the back propagation neural network (BPNN) to propose a method suitable for this photoelectric transmission and improve the information fusion and accuracy. In the experiment, the optical power meter is output in gears first, and the output waveforms are normal. The photodiode’s optical power is adjusted to obtain different frequencies on the oscilloscope. In the proposed optical fiber sensing network, weak AC signals are amplified significantly, and different optical fiber lines can be distinguished in the optical cables. The proposed information collection method can reduce network communication and node energy consumption.

scholarly journals Adaptive Noise Cancellation of an Analog Fiber Optic Link

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Noise Cancellation ◽  
Adaptive Noise Cancellation ◽  
Fiber Link ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Adaptive Noise

There are three dominant noise mechanisms in an analog optical fiber link. These are shot noise that is proportional to the mean optical power, relative intensity noise (RIN) that is proportional to the square of the instanteaneous optical power. This report describes an adaptive noise cancellation of these dominant noise processes that persist an analog optical fiber link. The performance of an analog optical fiber link is analyzed by taking the effects of these noise processes. Analytical and simulation results show that some improvement in signal to noise ratio (SNR) and this filter is effective to remove noise adaptively from the optical fiber link.

scholarly journals Design and Research of a Color Discrimination Method for Polycrystalline Silicon Cells Based on Laser Detection System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4468
Author(s):  
Zijian Chen ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Lian Zhang ◽  
Zenghong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Polycrystalline Silicon ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Color Discrimination ◽  
Laser Detection ◽  
Coaxial System ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Optical Shutters ◽  
Silicon Cell

In this paper, a method of color discrimination based on sample sensitivity to light wavelength is proposed based on the reflection spectra of a large number of samples and the statistical calculation of the measurement data. A laser detection system is designed to realize the color discrimination. For the color discrimination of polycrystalline silicon cells, the most sensitive wavelength, 434 nm, and the least sensitive wavelength, 645 nm, of polycrystalline silicon cells is obtained according to this method. A laser detection system was built to measure the polycrystalline silicon cells. This system consists of two lasers, optical shutters, collimating beam expanding systems, an optical coaxial system, sample platform, collecting lens, and optical power meter or optical sensor. Two laser beams of different wavelengths are beamed coaxially through the optical coaxial system onto a polycrystalline silicon cell and are reflected or scattered. The reflected or scattered lights are collected through a lens with a high number aperture and received separately by the optical power meter. Then the color value of the polycrystalline silicon cell in this system is characterized by the ratio of light intensity data received. The system measured a large number of previous polycrystalline silicon cells to form the different color categories of polycrystalline silicon cells of this system in the computer database. When a new polycrystalline silicon cell is measured, the color discrimination system can automatically classify the new polycrystalline silicon cell to a certain color category in order to achieve color discrimination.

1×6 Compound-Driven Optical MEMS Device for Multifunctional Fiber Optic Communication

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 2210-2215
Author(s):  
Ying Jun Chen ◽  
Yan Mei Li ◽  
Qing Hua Chen ◽  
Wen Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Electrostatic Actuator ◽  
Optical Mems ◽  
Fiber Optic Communication ◽  
Mems Device ◽  
Optic Communication

A 1×6 compound-driven MEMS-based optical device with optical switch and variable optical power attenuating functions has been proposed to optimally serve multifunctional optical fiber-based networking applications. The device manipulates the light with binary-slope mirrors driven by compound electrostatic actuator. The optical models for attenuating are investigated. Performances of the fabricated devices assembled with ball-lensed fibers are measured and discussed. Measurements reveal that the insertion loss of the device is less than 2.7 dB and the controllable attenuation range is more than 40 dB for the switching and attenuation function, respectively.

scholarly journals Desain Sensor Kelembapan Relatif Udara Menggunakan Fiber Optik

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-219
Author(s):  
Rangga Pradana Marya ◽  
Yoyok Heru Marya ◽  
Mila Marya
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Fiber Coupler

Kelembapan udara menjadi faktor penting dalam kehidupan manusia yaitu untuk menjaga kesetabilan kesehatan tubuhyang jugai akan berpengaruh kepada kenyamanan kerja. Diperlukan sensor untuk mengetahui kelembapan dalam ruangan. Alat bisa dikatakan sensor jika memiliki linearitas dan sensitivitas, dalam hal ini fiber optik cocok untuk sensor dikarenakan kemampuan alaminya yang tahan terhadap gangguan elektromagnetik, tahan terhadap suhu tinggi, memiliki sensitivitas dan fleksibelitas yang tinggi, dan dapat digunakan untuk pengukuran dan penginderaan jauh. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 buah kabel patch core singlemode SC-SC yang dihubungkan dengan fiber coupler yang telah diberi lubang bagian tengahnya dengan diameter 1mm dan diberi jarak antar ferullenya sebasar 0.3mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm. Optical light source digunakan untuk memberikan masukan dengan nilai -7dBm dan nilai keluaran akan dibaca oleh Optical power meter yang nantinya akan diolah menjadi loss daya kemudian dibandingkan dengan nilai kelembapan relatif dari Hygrometer dan akan diperoleh persamaan linearnya. Hasil pengukuran didapatkan semakin jauh jarak antar ferulle maka range yang didapat juga akan semakin panjang. Range terpanjang didapat pada pengukuran jarak 1mm dengan selisih loss daya sebesar 0.2dB dan range terpendek didapat pada pengukuran 0.3mm dengan selisih loss daya sebesar 0.08dB.

scholarly journals Curvature Analysis in Fiber Optic Cables as a Tilt Sensor Based on Macro Bending

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Imam Mulyanto
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Optic Cable ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Curvature Analysis ◽  
Bending Process ◽  
Tilt Sensor

The test has been successfully carried out on optical fibers to be used as a macrobending tilt sensor using SMF-28 single mode optical fiber. The optical fiber was molded with silicon rubber, then connected to a laser light and a power meter to see the intensity of the laser power produced. The principle is carried out using the macro bending phenomenon on single mode optical fibers, where the laser light intensity in the fiber optic cable will decrease if there is a bend or bending in the fiber optic cable. We can observe the power loss resulting from the macro bending process to find out how sensitive the optical fiber is to changes in a given angle. The resulting optical fiber sensitivity value is -0.1534o/dBm.

Cascaded stages of parametric optical fiber amplifiers with Raman fiber amplifiers for upgrading of telecommunication networks through optical wireless communication channel

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M.A. Eid ◽  
Eslam Shehata ◽  
Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Power Meter

Abstract This paper contains a main model which concludes a two optical fiber cable along 70 km and with Parametric/Raman amplifiers with a result of total power 0.781 dBm that computed by the optical power meter which is located before the receiver part and the second optical fiber channel, a total power −44.186 dBm at the end of model which is computed by the electrical power meter visualizer, and a max. Q factor 2.548 computed by the BER analyzer. The suggested model has outlined some updates on the previous model to improve the results so that the results are increased at the same length as the following: total power of optical signal becomes 10.039 dBm, total power of electrical signal becomes 0.624 dBm, and the max. Q factor becomes 9.60787.

scholarly journals Temperature effect on the light propagation in a tapered optical fiber with a twisted nematic liquid crystal cladding

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Korec ◽  
Karol Antoni Stasiewicz ◽  
Leszek Roman Jaroszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Twisted Nematic ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber ◽  
Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal

This paper presents the influence of temperature on optical power spectrum propagated in a tapered optical fiber with twisted nematic liquid crystal cladding (TOF-TNLCC) modulated by an electric field. The measurements were performed for a liquid crystal cell with the twisted orientation of ITO layers, filled with E7 mixture. The induced reorientation of liquid crystal (LC) n-director was measured for visible and near-infrared wavelength range [550-1100 nm] at the electric field range of 0–160 V and temperature range of 20-60 °C. The relation between temperature and the optical power spectrum of the investigated device has been established. Full Text: PDF ReferencesV.J. Tekippe, "Passive fiber optic components made by the fused biconical taper process", Proc. SPIE 1085 (1990). CrossRef T. A. Birks, Y. W. Li, The shape of fiber tapers, Journal of Lightwave Technology 10, 4 (1992). CrossRef J. Korec, K. A. Stasiewicz, O. Strzeżysz, P. Kula, L. R. Jaroszewicz, Electro-Steering Tapered Fiber-Optic Device with Liquid Crystal Cladding, Journal of Sensors 2019: 1-11 (2019) CrossRef Ch. Veilleux, J. Lapierre, J. Bures, Liquid-crystal-clad tapered fibers, Opt. Lett. 11, 733-735 (1986) CrossRef J. F Henninot, D. Louvergneaux, N. Tabiryan, M. Warenghem, Controlled leakage of a tapered optical fiber with liquid crystal cladding, Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 282, 297-308. (1996). CrossRef Y. Wang, et.al., Tapered optical fiber waveguide coupling to whispering gallery modes of liquid crystal microdroplet for thermal sensing application, Opt. Express 25, 918-926 (2017) CrossRef J. Korec, K. A. Stasiewicz, O. Strzeżysz, P. Kula, L. R. Jaroszewicz, . E. Moś, Tapered fibre liquid crystal optical device, Proc. SPIE 10681 (2018) CrossRef G. Assanto, A. Picardi, R. Barboza, A. Alberucci, Electro-optic steering of Nematicons, Phot. Lett. Poland 4, 1 (2012). CrossRef A.Ghanadzadeh Gilani, M.S. Beevers, The Electro-optical kerr effect in eutectic nematic mixtures of E7 and E8,J ournal of Molecular Liquids, 92, 3 (2001). CrossRef E. C. Mägi, P. Steinvurzel, and B.J. Eggleton, Tapered photonic crystal fibers, Opt. Express 784, 12, 5 (2004). CrossRef Y. Li and J. Lit, Transmission properties of a multimode optical-fiber taper, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 2, (1985). CrossRef J. Korec, K. A. Stasiewicz, and L. R. Jaroszewicz, Temperature influence on optical power spectrum of the tapered fiber device with a liquid crystal cladding, Proc. SPIE 11045, 110450I (2019) CrossRef L.M. Blinov, Liquid crystals: physical properties and their possibilities in application, Advances in Liquid Crystal Research and Applications, (1981). CrossRef

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