The Influence of Genetic Increases in Body Weight and Shank Width on the Abdominal Fat Pad and Carcass Composition of Turkeys

Mongolian × Versicolor and common pheasants were investigated. Birds were kept in a confined, environmentally controlled facility without outdoor access and fed ad libitum commercial diets for slaughter pheasants. Body weight was determined at the end of 6, 10 and 13 weeks of rearing, and body weight and body measurements were determined in 16-week-old pheasants. At 16 weeks, 20 pheasants were taken from each genetic group for slaughter. After slaughter, pH<sub>15</sub> of muscles was determined and carcasses were dissected. Samples of breast and leg muscles were collected to determine water holding capacity, colour, and sensory properties of meat. Compared to common pheasants, Mongolian × Versicolor hybrids were characterized by similar body weight and body measurements except for length of trunk with neck in females. The carcasses of Mongolian × Versicolor pheasants of both sexes contained more breast muscles, leg muscles, skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat. Differences in the values of these traits were not significant. Significant differences in the composition of carcasses from the groups under comparison were only found for the content of skin with subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat content in females, which were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) in Mongolian × Versicolor females. The leg muscles had significantly higher pH<sub>15 </sub>in Mongolian × Versicolor females and significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05) redness (a*) in males. Compared to the common pheasants, the breast muscles of Mongolian × Versicolor pheasants received lower scores for aroma and tenderness and higher scores for taste, whereas leg muscles had higher scores for intensity of aroma and taste, and lower scores for taste and tenderness.    

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RESPONSE OF MALE AND FEMALE BROILERS TO DIET PROTEIN

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-097 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 881-889 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. LEESON ◽

L. J. CASTON ◽

J. D. SUMMERS

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Protein Content ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Breast Meat ◽

Meat Yield ◽

Low Protein ◽

Breast Meat Yield ◽

Protein Diets

Two experiments were conducted to note the broilers' response to graded levels of dietary protein (CP). Female birds were fed one of six diet series ranging from 22–20–18 to 18–18–16% CP from 0–21 days, 21–35 days and 35–42 days, respectively. Males were fed diet series from 28–24–22 to 20–18–16 over the same time periods (Table 1). Each diet program was tested with four replicate groups of 60 birds. Body weight and feed intake were monitored at time of feed change-over and at termination of experiment. Twenty birds per replicate were used for carcass analyses. Females were heavier when diets of higher protein content were offered (P < 0.05). These birds consumed more feed (P < 0.05) but exhibited feed efficiency that was not different to birds fed diets of lower protein content. Carcass weight and breast meat yield were not influenced by diet, although higher-protein diet series resulted in reduced proportional abdominal fat pad size (P < 0.01). Diet protein had no effect on body weight of male birds at 42 d (P > 0.05). Male birds reared on a program involving die lowest CP levels of 20–18–16 exhibited inferior feed utilization relative to birds from most other treatments (P < 0.05). Programs with low-protein diets for males resulted in reduced carcass weight, reduced breast meat yield and increased abdominal fat deposition (P < 0.05). It is concluded that male birds can be reared on very low protein diets without loss of weight, although carcass quality will be inferior. Female broilers are heavier when diet protein intake is increased through use of diets with higher protein content. Key words: Broiler, diet protein, performance, carcass composition

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Genetic relations between carcass fat and body weight in mice

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600023182 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 317-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

P. Hull

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Genetic Relationship ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

The Other ◽

Theoretical Treatment ◽

Control Line ◽

Correlated Responses ◽

Age Changes ◽

Body Weights

Three different stocks of mice were selected for five generations for high body weight at 3, 4½, or 6 weeks of age. Changes in body weight at the three ages and in abdominal fat weight, an index of carcass composition, which occurred in the three lines were compared. It was found that the proportion of fat in the carcasses of the selected animals increased markedly in the lines selected for high 3-week weight, while in the other two lines the proportion remained the same as that in the control line.The theoretical treatment of the genetic relationship between body weights at different ages and between body weight and abdominal fat was reasonably adequate in accounting for the correlated responses actually observed.

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Body composition of British and zebu × British cattle in northern Australia 1. Breed and growth rate effects on yield of carcass, dressed carcass composition and offal composition

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100041805 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 177-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. M. Seebeck

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Weight ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Lower Proportion ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

The Body ◽

Carcass Yield ◽

Rate Of Growth ◽

Rate Effects

ABSTRACTComparative slaughter was used to assess the body composition of Shorthorn-Hereford (SH), Africander cross (A×), Brahman cross (B×), and late castrated Brahman cross (B×(late)) steers of the F, generation with respect to their yield of carcass, gross carcass composition and offal composition. Animals were slaughtered at pre-determined weights of 315, 355, 399, 449 and 505 kg.The B× animals had the highest carcass yield (expressed either as dressed carcass weight at the same fasted body weight or at the same empty body weight), while the A×, B×(late) and SH animals had similar carcass yield. Within a breed, rate of growth affected carcass yield, with faster growing animals having the lower carcass yield, particularly with respect to fasted body weight.The breeds were different in carcass composition but this was dependent on both size and growth rate. Brahman cross animals had a lower proportion of bone than A× and SH animals, particularly at the higher body weights. Faster growing animals tended to contain more muscle and bone and less fat, with the exception of the SH animals.The breeds were also significantly different in the composition of the offal components. A× were notable for high head weights and low tail weights, B× having high blood weights and low total gut tissue weights, and Bx(late) having high hide weights and low abdominal fat weights.Rate of growth had some effect on offal composition, the general trend being that the faster growing animals were characterized by a lower proportion of heart, blood and pancreas. However there was also evidence that the rate of growth differentially affected the offal composition with respect to breeds. This effect mainly arose because the faster growing B×(late) animals had lower weights of abdominal fat. Within the other breeds, the opposite trend was observed.

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Massa adiposa ligamenti falciformis or anterior abdominal fat pad — Its dimension and relation to body weight

Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger ◽

10.1016/j.aanat.2017.11.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 216 ◽

pp. 100-102

Author(s):

Friedemann Strobel ◽

Eckart Schirg ◽

Martin Schlaud ◽

Thomas Tschernig

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Fat Pad

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Effects of selection on growth, body composition, and food intake in mice: III. Correlated responses:growth, body composition, food intake and efficiency and catabolism

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s001667230002245x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 57-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

S. C. Bishop ◽

W. G. Hill

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Growth Period ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Maintenance Requirements ◽

Old Mice

SUMMARYWeekly food intake and body weight were measured from 3 to 17 weeks of age on mice selected 14 generations for increased and decreased values of one of three criteria: appetite (A) as measured by 4- to 6-week food intake, adjusted by phenotypic regression to minimize change in 4-week body weight; fat percentage (F), using the ratio of gonadal fat pad weight to body weight at 10 weeks of age and total lean mass (protein, P), using the index body weight in 10-week males— (8 × gonadal fat pad weight). Carcass composition analyses were undertaken on the 17-week-old mice, and are presented along with composition data for younger mice from earlier generations. The high intake A line mice are larger, eat more, have higher maintenance requirements and are slightly leaner than the low intake A line mice, but are no more efficient. The increased lean mass P line mice are much larger, eat more and are more efficient than the decreased lean mass P line mice, but show little difference in maintenance or carcass composition. The (much) fatter F line mice are larger, more efficient and eat more during the rapid growth period than their leaner F line counterparts, but show no difference in lean mass or maintenance requirements. These results provide implications about the relationships between the input (intake) and output (maintenance and lean and fat deposition) components of growth.

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Effects of the level and duration of feeding restriction on carcass components of broilers

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-58-99-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 99-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

H. Jahanpour ◽

A. Seidavi ◽

A. A. A. Qotbi ◽

R. Van Den Hoven ◽

S. Rocha e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Body Components ◽

Experimental Treatments ◽

Dietary Treatments

Abstract. The effects of the restriction of the advised daily feed intake (ADFI) during 1 or 2 weeks on broiler body weight (BW) and carcass composition were studied. A total of 150 1-day-old male broilers (Ross-308) were randomly allotted to a control and four experimental treatments with three replicates per treatment. Broilers were subjected to a feeding restriction equal to 75 and 50 % of ADFI, either for a 7- or a 14-day period, between the 7th and 14th and 7th and 21th day of age, respectively. The BW and carcass composition were determined on day 42. From the findings, neither of the two levels of restriction nor the two time intervals had significant effects (P > 0.05) on the BW or breast and leg weight and proportion, liver and most of the body components. However, the feeding treatments show a tendency (P = 0.078) to influence the BW, with birds fed 75 % of ADFI for 14 day being heavier than the control group. For eviscerated carcass weight, an effect (P = 0.002) was observed, with birds fed 75 % of ADFI for 14 day having heavier carcasses (P < 0.05) than those in control group. The abdominal fat, both with regard to weight and proportion, was slightly influenced by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). From our results, it can be concluded that the applied feeding restrictions have a neutral or slightly beneficial effect on broiler growth traits and carcass composition.

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