scholarly journals ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ МЕСТНЫХ ВЛАСТЕЙ ПО БОРЬБЕ С  ЭПИДЕМИЯМИ ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX – НАЧАЛЕ XX ВЕКА (на материалах Костромской губернии)*

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-143
Author(s):  
Андрей Михайлович Белов ◽  
Оксана Юрьевна Галинская
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Sharp Growth ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Provincial Center

После отмены крепостного права приток населения в города, в т.ч. в Кострому, привел к проблемам перенаселенности губернского центра и несоответствия существующей инфраструктуры (жилищной, транспортной, коммунальной) изменившейся численности жителей. Данная ситуация способствовала взрывному росту и распространению в Костроме заразных болезней, в том числе, массовых эпидемий холеры, тифа, оспы, скарлатины, следствием которых стала повышенная смертность среди костромичей, приводящая в некоторые годы к убыли населения губернского города. В статье на материалах Костромской губернии, прежде всего, губернского центра, рассматривается общая эпидемиологическая обстановка с 70-х гг. XIX века до начала XX века, а также основные направления совместной деятельности губернского правления и городских органов общественного управления по снижению эпидемиологической напряженности и профилактике массовых заболеваний в период капиталистической модернизации. В статье приведены статистические данные по Костромской губернии и губернскому центру, использованы отчеты Медицинского департамента Министерства внутренних дел за указанный период, материалы периодической печати, показана региональная специфика решения возникших проблем, учитывая, что Костромская губерния относилась к числу наиболее развитых промышленных губернии Российской Империи. After the peasant reform of 1861, the growth of the urban population in Kostroma led to the problems of overpopulation in the provincial center. The existing infrastructure did not match (housing, transport, utilities) the changed population. This contributed to the sharp growth and spread of infectious diseases among the population of Kostroma, including massive epidemics of cholera, typhoid, smallpox, scarlet fever. The result was an increased mortality rate among the population. The article, based on materials Kostroma province, primarily the provincial center, examines the general epidemiological situation from the 70s of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The main directions of joint activities of the provincial government and city public administration bodies to reduce epidemiological tension and prevent mass diseases during the period of modernization are investigated. The article provides statistical data on the Kostroma province and the provincial center, uses the reports of the Medical Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the specified period, materials from periodicals, shows the regional specifics of solving the problems that have arisen, given that the Kostroma province was one of the most developed industrial provinces of the Russian Empire.

Reflection of the financial policy of the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century on the pages of the newspapers of the Kazan province

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (03) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Makka Dolakova ◽  
Andrey Zvonarev ◽  
Dmitry Pashentsev
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the reflection on the pages of the provincial government periodicals of the financial policy pursued at the end of the 19th century. It reveals the role of the Ministry of Finance in public administration of the period under review. Authors confirm the conclusion about the special significance of the activities of the Ministry of Finance for the economic development of the country.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITY OF THE URAL STATISTICAL COMMITTEE IN THE LATE 19-TH - EARLY 20-TH CENTURIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
V. A. Skopa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Study ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Total Budget ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military ◽  
Statistical Work

The post-reform period in the Russian Empire laid down new principles for the organization and functioning of regional statistical services. Since the second half of the 19th century, the demand for statistical data had increased significantly. De jure and de facto, the Ural Statistical Committee dates back to 1896. Beginning in 1900, all military statistics were transferred to the committee. In connection with the increased load on the committee from the military capital, the regional statistical center was allocated an allowance of 1,500 rubles, and the total budget was 4,000 rubles. All the activities of the committee are represented by the implementation of mandatory statistical work and the socio-cultural study of the region. In 1901, the Ural Committee developed and introduced agricultural cards for collecting information about the industry under study and the systematic formation of data. In 1910, the committee conducted a survey of the property and occupations of the population. The Ural Statistical Committee paid special attention to “optional” works, most of which were devoted to the life and occupations of the population.

The Germans and their Jewish Neighbors on the Ukrainian Areas at the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
South West ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.

Reasons for the Onset of the Uniat Clergy’s Movement Towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the Beginning of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 293-317
Author(s):  
Protopriest Alexander Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Latin Church ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Church Service ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article studies the system of pre-conditions that caused the onset of the uniat clergy’s movement towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the beginning of the 19th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the tendency of the uniat clergy going back to Orthodoxy was the result of certain historic conditions, such as: 1) constant changes in the government policy during the reign of Emperor Pavel I and Emperor Alexander I; 2) increasing latinization of the uniat church service after 1797 and Latin proselytism that were the result of the distrust of the uniats on the part of Roman curia and representatives of Polish Catholic Church of Latin church service; 3) ecclesiastical contradictions made at the Brest Church Union conclusion; 4) division of the uniat clergy into discordant groups and the increase of their opposition to each other on the issue of latinization in the first decades of the 19th century. The combination of those conditions was a unique phenomenon that never repeated itself anywhere.

Transition of the Rusins of Austria-Hungary to the bosom of Orthodoxy in the end of 19th - beginning of 20th century: Lost perspective for Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-4) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Vadim Mikhailov ◽  
Konstantin Losev
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
World War ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military ◽  
Church Policy

The article is devoted to the issue of Church policy in relation to the Rusyn population of Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire. In the second half of the 19th century, the policy of the Austro-Hungarian administration towards the Rusyn Uniate population of the Empire underwent changes. Russia’s victories in the wars of 1849 and 1877-1878 aroused the desire of the educated part of the Rusyns to return to the bosom of the Orthodox Church. Nevertheless, even during the World War I, when the Russian army captured part of the territories inhabited by Rusyns, the military and officials of the Russian Empire were too cautious about the issue of converting Uniates to Orthodoxy, which had obvious negative consequences both for the Rusyns, who were forced to choose a Ukrainophile orientation to protect their national and cultural identity, and for the future of Russia as the leader of the Slavic and Orthodox world.

Heinrich Gross of Würtemberg: A Diplomat on Elizabeth Petrovna's Service

2021 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Maksim Anisimov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

Heinrich Gross was a diplomat of the Empress of Russia Elizabeth Petrovna, a foreigner on the Russian service who held some of the most important diplomatic posts of her reign. As the head of Russian diplomatic missions in European countries, he was an immediate participant in the rupture of both Franco-Russian and Russo-Prussian diplomatic relations and witnessed the beginning of the Seven Years' War, while in the capital of Saxony, besieged by Prussian troops. After that H. Gross was one of the members of the collective leadership of the Russian Collegium of Foreign Affairs. So far there is only one biographic essay about him written in the 19th century. The aims of this article are threefold. Using both published foreign affairs-related documentation and diplomatic documents stored in the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, it attempts to systematize the materials of the biography of this important participant in international events. It also seeks to assess his professional qualities and get valuable insight into his role both in the major events of European politics and in the implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Empire in the mid-18th century. Moreover, the account of the diplomatic career of H. Gross presented in this essay aims to generate genuine interest among researchers in the personality and professional activities of one of the most brilliant Russian diplomats of the Enlightenment Era.

Relations between the Russian Empire and the Orthodox Church of the East as Exemplified in the Collection of Greek Engravings of The Church Archaeological Museum at the Moscow Theological Academy

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-77
Author(s):  
Анна Леонидовна Краснова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Church Of The East ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
Made In

В XVIII в. на основании общего интереса к святыням Востока, а также единой тенденции для крупных монастырей изготавливать гравюры на память для паломников, многие греческие гравюры свидетели русско-афонских отношений попадают на территорию Российской Империи. Сохранились такие гравюры и в Церковноархеологического кабинете Московской духовной академии, собрание которых насчитывает 29 эстампов. Пять гравюр из этого собрания имеют надписи на греческом и на славянском языке. Надписи свидетельствуют о месте и времени создания гравюры, о граверах и заказчиках, являются источниками кратких исторических сведений. В статье приведены выявленные дополнительные факты об этих гравюрах, которые свидетельствуют о наличии церковных, экономических и политических отношений на базе культурных связей между Российской Империей и странами православного Востока. The Russ has always been supporting the relationship with the Orthodox Church of the East. As a result of these connections, we have a lot of icons and other gifts from The Mount Athos, The Saint Catherine’s Monastery and others holy places. There are five Greek engravings in the collection of The Museum of Church Archaeology at the Moscow Theological Academy, which have inscriptions in Greek and Slavic. These engravings were to be spread in Slavic countries. They are dated from the 17th to the 19th century. Some of them were made in Moscow. The images and the inscriptions of the engravings are the subject of a research presented in this article.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document