scholarly journals Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Periodontal Infrabony Defect Depth and Width and Their Correlation

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Rajashri Kolte ◽  
Rajashri Kolte ◽  
Sumedh Khobragade ◽  
Pranjali Bawankar
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Defect Depth ◽  
Infrabony Defects ◽  
Auxiliary Line ◽  
Infrabony Defect ◽  
Defect Angle

Brief Background There is preliminary evidence of periodontal defect depth, number of walls and the width of infrabony defects exerting influence on the regenerative potential of particular therapeutic modality. Aim: To assess defect width and defect depth and their influence on pretreatment defect angle in patients affected with periodontal disease. Materials and Methods 60 untreated severe chronic or aggressive periodontitis patients were selected for the study. Digital intraoral periapical radiograph of defects in all patients were taken using RVG. First auxiliary line was drawn to represent tooth axis (AUX1). Perpendicular to this, a second auxiliary line (AUX2) was drawn that ran through most coronal margin of defect (M3). The depth of defect was measured as the distance between the base of bony defect and AUX2. The width of defect was the distance from coronal margin of bony defect to the root surface perpendicular to AUX1. Results In a total of 67 defects, the radiographic defect depth, defect width and defect angle for maxillary arch was 3.19 ± 1.19 mm , 2.82 ± 0.63 mm and 37.34 ± 9.47 ° respectively while these values for mandibular sites were 3.69 ± 0.92 mm, 2.87 ± 0.76 mm and 35.62 ± 7.08 ° respectively. Multilevel regression analysis revealed narrow defect angles to be related to deep infrabony defects, whereas the width of the interdental space to wide defects. Summary and Conclusion Defect dimensions are determined by the radius of action of microbial biofilm and the baseline defect angle of an infrabony defect would be a function of defect depth. Key Words: Periodontitis, periodontal therapy, vertical defects, radiography

Radiographic Defect Depth and Width for Prognosis and Description of Periodontal Healing of Infrabony Defects

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1639-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Klein ◽  
Ti-Sun Kim ◽  
Stefan Hassfeld ◽  
Hans-Jörg Staehle ◽  
Peter Reitmeir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defect Depth ◽  
Infrabony Defects ◽  
Periodontal Healing

scholarly journals Virtual contact hypothesis: Preliminary evidence for intergroup contact hypothesis in interactions with characters in video games

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Mulak ◽  
Mikołaj Henryk Winiewski
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Contact Hypothesis ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Positive Attitudes

This paper examines intergroup contact hypothesis in interactions in video games to conceptualize how intergroup contact with characters in games may relate to attitudes toward minorities. Intergroup contact hypothesis states that intergroup contact leads to more positive attitudes and stereotype reduction. It also specifies situational factors that promote or hinder such an outcome. In an online survey a sample of 1627 gamers stated games they played the most and filled out a questionnaire measuring their attitudes toward minorities. Independent judges assessed games that were played by most participants (N = 44 games). A multilevel regression analysis revealed that average quality of contact with minorities in a game (measured at game-level, as a characteristic of a game) was associated with higher acceptance of minorities of the players (measured at individual level). Diversity of the game world generated by fictional races had no significant connection to attitudes. Game-level predictors largely increased fit to the data showing that game worlds were significant for the acceptance of minorities. The results supply preliminary evidence for the validity of the intergroup contact hypothesis for the interactions with characters in video games.

scholarly journals Root surface defect produced by hand instruments and ultrasonic scaler with different power settings: an in vitro study

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Corrêa Viana Casarin ◽  
Fernanda Vieira Ribeiro ◽  
Antonio Wilson Sallum ◽  
Enilson Antonio Sallum ◽  
Francisco Humberto Nociti-Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Surface Defect ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Defect Depth ◽  
Ultrasonic Scaler ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Power Setting ◽  
Hand Instrumentation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the root surface defect produced by hand curettes and ultrasonic tips with different power settings. Forty root surfaces were divided into 4 groups according the treatment: Gracey curettes, ultrasonic scaler at 10% power, ultrasonic scaler at 50% power and ultrasonic scaler at 100% power. Each specimen was instrumented with 15 strokes and the and divided in the middle to evaluate: (1) the defect depth produced by the instrumentation and (2) contact area of the instrument tips, which was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for statistical analysis (a=0.05). The results (mean ± SD) of the contact area showed significantly greater defects (p<0.05) for the hand instrumented groups (2092.9 ± 482) compared to the ultrasonic groups (606.8 ± 283.0; 858.6 ± 422.5; 1212.0 ± 366.7, respectively), independently of the power setting. The values for the defect depth on root surface showed no statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between hand instrumentation (66.1 ± 34.0) and ultrasonic scaling at 10%, 50% or 100% power settings (52.4 ± 22.1; 72.0 ± 29.9; 77.7 ± 37.7, respectively). The findings of this study demonstrate that ultrasonic instrumentation produced a similar defect depth to that of hand instrumentation, with a smaller tip contact area, independently of the power setting used for scaling.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the Hocus Focus Magic Performance Evaluation Scale for health professions personnel in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Spencer ◽  
Hon Keung Yuen ◽  
Max Darwin ◽  
Gavin Jenkins ◽  
Kimberly Kirklin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Distinct Factor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development And Validation

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe the development and validation of the Hocus Focus Magic Performance Evaluation Scale (HFMPES), which is used to evaluate the competency of health professions personnel in delivering magic tricks as a therapeutic modality. Methods: A 2-phase validation process was used. Phase I (content validation) involved 16 magician judges who independently rated the relevance of each of the 5 items in the HFMPES and established the veracity of its content. Phase II evaluated the psychometric properties of the HFMPES. This process involved 2 magicians using the HFMPES to independently evaluate 73 occupational therapy graduate students demonstrating 3 magic tricks.Results: The HFMPES achieved an excellent scale-content validity index of 0.99. Exploratory factor analysis of the HFMPES scores revealed 1 distinct factor with alpha coefficients ≥0.8 across the 3 magic tricks. The construct validity of the HFMPES scores was further supported by evidence from a known-groups analysis, in which the Mann–Whitney U-test showed significant difference in HFMPES scores between participants with different levels of experience in delivering the 3 magic tricks. The inter-rater reliability coefficients were ≥0.75 across the 3 magic tricks, indicating that the competency of health professions personnel in delivering the 3 magic tricks could be evaluated precisely.Conclusion: Preliminary evidence supported the content and construct validity of the HFMPES, which was found to have good internal consistency and inter-rater reliability in evaluating health professions personnel’s competency in delivering magic tricks.

scholarly journals Does Right-Hemispheric Anodal tDCS Enhance the Impact of Script Training in Chronic Aphasia? A Single-Subject Experimental Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Figeys ◽  
Esther Sung Kim ◽  
Tammy Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Anodal Tdcs ◽  
Script Training ◽  
Aphasia Treatment ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Background: Script training is an aphasia treatment approach that has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on communication of individuals with aphasia; however, it is time intensive as a therapeutic modality. To augment therapy-induced neuroplasticity, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be implemented. tDCS has been paired with other speech-language treatments, however, has not been investigated with script training.Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine if tDCS improves communication proficiency when paired with script training, compared to script training alone.Methods and Procedures: A single-subject experimental design was implemented with a participant with non-fluent aphasia, using two scripts across treatment conditions: script training with sham-tDCS, and script training with anodal-tDCS. Treatment sessions were 75 min long, administered three times weekly. Anodal tDCS was implemented for 20 min with a current of 1.5 mA over the right inferior frontal gyrus.Results: Large effect sizes were obtained on script mastery for both stimulation conditions (anodal d2 = 9.94; sham d2 = 11.93). tDCS did not improve script accuracy, however, there was a significant improvement in the rate of change of script pace relative to baseline (3.99 seconds/day, p &lt; 0.001) in the anodal tDCS condition.Conclusion: Despite a null tDCS result on accuracy, the script training protocol increased script performance to a near-fluent level of communication. There is preliminary evidence to suggest that tDCS may alter the rate of script acquisition, however, further research to corroborate this finding is required. Implications for future studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Correction of Deep Overbite by Using a Modified Nance Appliance in an Adult Class II Division 2 Patient with Dehiscence Defect

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zhujun Li ◽  
Zhengxi Chen ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Li’an Yang ◽  
Zhenqi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Fabrication Procedure ◽  
Dehiscence Defect ◽  
Division 2

A modified Nance Appliance (MNA) is introduced as a treatment option for an adult class II division 2 malocclusion (CII/2) patient with deep overbite and dehiscence on the facial root surface of retroclined upper incisors through the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Indications for this modified MNA as well as a brief description of fabrication procedure and biomechanical analysis of the treatment effects are shown in detail. Root control and absolute intrusion without enlarging the bony defect were achieved. The treatment results were satisfying and favorable.

scholarly journals Effect of Three-wall Bony Defect along Various Root Surfaces on Position of Center of Resistance: A 3D Finite Element Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
Achint Devendra Chachada ◽  
PV Hazarey ◽  
Mrunal Shyam Aley ◽  
Harish Keshaorao Atram ◽  
Asmita Kharche
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
Relative Location ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Infrabony Defects ◽  
Root Surfaces ◽  
Retraction Force ◽  
Labial Surface ◽  
Center Of Resistance

ABSTRACT Introduction Increase in adult orthodontic patients has increased the challenges faced by orthodontists, as they often present themselves with a varying degree of dental and periodontal compromise, in which the entire orthodontic treatment planning will revolve around maintenance and augmentation of supporting apparatus. One of the many factors to be considered during treating an adult patient is the height of alveolar bone and its effect on center of resistance (CRes). Materials and methods Eight 3D analytical models of upper central incisor were designed using ‘Solid Works Office Premium’. The models were subjected to 3 and 6 mm bone loss along all four surfaces, i.e. labial, lingual, mesial and distal. One Newton of retraction force was applied on labial surface of tooth on model number 1, 2, 5 and 6 and 1N of distalization force was applied to model number 3, 4, 7 and 8. The relative location of the CRes to the total root length was taken as 41.8% of total root length from the root apex. The ANSYS software was used to evaluate the change in CRes on all the models. Results It was observed that CRes shifted apically from its relative location (41.8% from apex); however, this shift was clinically insignificant. Minimum deflection of CRes, 0.0122 mm, was seen when a distalization force was applied on model with 6 mm bone loss on distal surface, while maximum deflection of 0.0245 mm was seen when retraction force was applied on model with 6 mm bone loss on labial surface. Conclusion The resultant displacement in position of center of resistance is negligible; hence, there is no need of changing biomechanics during orthodontic treatment for a tooth with three wall infrabony defects. However, it is necessary to further study other infrabony defects like two wall or one wall defect, and their effect on position of CRes. How to cite this article Chachada AD, Hazarey PV, Aley MS, Atram HK, Kharche A. Effect of Three-wall Bony Defect along Various Root Surfaces on Position of Center of Resistance: A 3D Finite Element Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(8): 688-691.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of CBCT Versus Intraoral Imaging for Assessment of Peri‐implant Bone Defects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Song ◽  
Sohaib Shujaat ◽  
Karla de Faria Vasconcelos ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Constantinus Politis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
P Value ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Defect Depth ◽  
Male Health ◽  
Infrabony Defects

Abstract Background: Early detection of marginal bone loss is vital for treatment planning and prognosis of teeth and implant. This study was conducted to assess diagnostic accuracy of CBCT compared to intra-oral (IO) radiography for detection, classification and measurement of peri-implant bone defects in an animal model.Methods: Fifty-four mandible blocks with implants were harvested from nine male health adult beagle dogs with acquisition of IO, CBCT and micro-CT images from all samples. Peri-implant bone defects from 16 samples were diagnosed using micro-CT and classified into 3 defect categories: dehiscence (n = 5), infrabony defect (n = 3) and crater-like defect (n = 8). Following training and calibration of the observers, they asked to detect location (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) and shape of the defect (dehiscence, horizontal defect, vertical defect, carter-like defect) utilizing both IO and CBCT images. Both observers assessed defect depth and width on IO, CBCT and micro-CT images at each side of peri-implant bone defect via CT-analyzer software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and a p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Overall, there was a high diagnostic accuracy for detection of bone defects with CBCT images (sensitivity: 100%/100%), while IO images showed a reduction in accuracy (sensitivity: 69%/63%). Similarly, diagnostic accuracy for defect classification was significantly higher for CBCT, whereas IO images were unable to correctly identify vestibular dehiscence, with incorrect assessment of half of the infrabony defects. For accuracy of measuring defect depth and width, a higher correlation was observed between CBCT and gold standard micro-CT (r = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.94), whereas a lower correlation was seen for IO images (r = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.67-0.91).Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy and reliability of CBCT was found to be superior to IO imaging for the detection, classification and measurement of peri-implant bone defects. The application of CBCT adds substantial information related to the peri-implant bone defect diagnosis and decision-making which cannot be achieved with conventional IO imaging.

Radiographic Parameters for Prognosis of Periodontal Healing of Infrabony Defects: Two Different Definitions of Defect Depth

2004 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Eickholz ◽  
Torten Hörr ◽  
Filip Klein ◽  
Stefan Hassfeld ◽  
Ti-Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Defect Depth ◽  
Radiographic Parameters ◽  
Infrabony Defects ◽  
Periodontal Healing

scholarly journals The Relation Between Aggression and the Living Group Climate in a Forensic Treatment Unit for Adolescents: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1821-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
An de Decker ◽  
Lisa Lemmens ◽  
Peer van der Helm ◽  
Liesbeth Bruckers ◽  
Geert Molenberghs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Group Climate ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Forensic Treatment ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
Living Group

In the current study, the associations between inpatient aggression and the living group climate as perceived by the adolescents admitted to a forensic psychiatric treatment unit, are investigated based on carefully registered longitudinal data. Multilevel regression analyses revealed a significant inverse relation between the number and severity of aggressive incidents and the amount of support, as well as with the possibilities of growth perceived by the adolescents. No significant associations of aggression and the perception of repression or atmosphere are found. Our study reveals preliminary evidence for the relation between the prevalence of aggressive incidents and how the adolescents perceive social contextual factors in daily forensic treatment practices. Moreover, preliminary evidence that evidence-based treatment programs and psychiatric care have an important influence on experienced possibilities for growth and support and as such prevent institutional aggression, is found.

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