scholarly journals The Potential Impacts of Obesity on COVID-19

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasaduk Sultan Khan ◽  
Musadiq Sultan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The City

Barrow in Furness, UHMBT, LA14 4LF, Cumbria, UK Coronavirus disease 2019 is the outbreak caused by a new strain of coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 1. The outbreak that leads to a global pandemic originated from the city of Wuhan in China 2. According to a CDC report, the commonest underlying conditions among those hospitalized with COVID-19 were diabetes, chronic lung disease, and cardiovascular disease 1. Obesity is a common denominator for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Previous experience with the H1N1 epidemic showed that obesity is associated with high mortality 3. All of these observations have raised concerns about the impacts that obesity could have on COVID-19.

Nicotine and Tobacco

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-182
Author(s):  
Shadi Nahvi ◽  
Darius A. Rastegar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

Nicotine is responsible for the psychoactive and habit-forming effects of tobacco. Approximately 30% of Americans use tobacco products; half of them are nicotine-dependent. Nicotine has mild stimulant effects. Overdose is rare in experienced users. Some may develop nausea, vomiting, weakness, and dizziness. Withdrawal symptoms include craving, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, and increased appetite. Smokers have elevated exhaled carbon monoxide and serum carboxyhemoglobin levels. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, can be detected in blood and urine. Many medical conditions are associated with tobacco use (particularly smoking), including cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and a variety of malignancies. A number of interventions can help increase smoking cessation rates, including physician advice, counseling, nicotine replacement, varenicline, and bupropion. Electronic cigarettes may help smokers quit or reduce their smoking.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease 2019 And Cardiovascular Disease: Does This Novel Disease Directly Affect The Cardiovascular System?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shoji Haruta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Global Pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic. The worsening of COVID-19 is caused by viral pneumonia, but the disease also remarkably affects the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Cystic Fibrosis: Diagnostic Difficulties or Incorrect Methods?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1681-1685
Author(s):  
Samuel Pecho-Silva ◽  
Ana Claudia Navarro-Solsol ◽  
Vicky Panduro-Correa ◽  
Kovy Arteaga-Livias ◽  
Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Early Discharge ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Molecular Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic lung disease with wide distribution worldwide. With the appearance of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), difficulties arise when evaluating, diagnosing, and treating patients with other conditions, including CF. We present the case of a patient with CF who had a definite serological diagnosis, a CT scan suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19, and a negative molecular test (RT-PCR), with rapid resolution of symptoms and early discharge. CF/SARS-CoV-2 comorbidity needs to be adequately studied and assessed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Differences Depending on the Etiology of Influenza Epidemics in 2014-2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Karpova ◽  
T. P. Stolyarova ◽  
N. M. Popovtseva ◽  
K. A. Stolyarov ◽  
D. M. Danilenko
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Development Rate ◽  
Influenza Epidemic ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Incidence Of Hospitalization ◽  
Federal Center

The goal is to identify features of epidemic process of influenza depending on the etiology of epidemics to clarification of the forecast for future epidemics. Analysis of epidemics of influenza in Russia conducted according to the Federal center for influenza on morbidity, hospitalization and deaths from influenza in 59 Russian cities. The epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 2015–16 different from the mixed epidemics of influenza (A(H3N2) and B) 2014–15 and 2016–17 high development rate, high incidence of influenza and ARI at its peak, the incidence of hospitalization with a diagnosis of «influenza» (14%) and high mortality among the infected (6,0 on 100000). The epidemic of influenza A(H3N2) and B started earlier (December). They had a longer duration and the incidence in the cities and in the country, but less than the incidence at the peak of the epidemic and the incidence of hospitalization with a diagnosis of «influenza» (7.5 and 7.3%) and smaller (8.6 and 20 times) the mortality from the influenza. In these epidemics among the dead was higher than the percentage of children under 14 years and persons over 65 years of age than in the influenza epidemic 2015–16. And among the deaths increased the proportion of persons with chronic lung disease and immunodeficiency, but decreased the proportion of individuals with obesity and diseases of the liver and kidneys. For the period from 2009 to 2017 the tendency to increase the intensity of influenza A(H3N2) epidemics was 2.4 times greater than the decrease in the intensity of epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. 

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Disease and SARS-CoV-2: the Role of Host Immune Response Versus Direct Viral Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8141
Author(s):  
Federico Biscetti ◽  
Maria Margherita Rando ◽  
Elisabetta Nardella ◽  
Andrea Leonardo Cecchini ◽  
Piergiorgio Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Response Versus ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The 2019 novel coronavirus [2019-nCoV], which started to spread from December 2019 onwards, caused a global pandemic. Besides being responsible for the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 [SARS-CoV-2], the virus can affect other organs causing various symptoms. A close relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and the cardiovascular system has been shown, demonstrating an epidemiological linkage between SARS-CoV-2 and cardiac injury. There are emerging data regarding possible direct myocardial damage by 2019-nCoV. In this review, the most important available evidences will be discussed to clarify the precise mechanisms of cardiovascular injury in SARS-CoV-2 patients, even if further researches are needed.

scholarly journals The Association Between Presence of Comorbidities and COVID-19 Severity; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Honardoost ◽  
Laila Janani ◽  
Rokhsareh Aghili ◽  
Zahra Emami ◽  
Mohammad E Khamseh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
History Of

Results: A total of 6270 individuals were assessed (1615 severe and 4655 non-severe patients). The median age was 63 (95% CI: 49-74) and 47 (95% CI: 19-63) years in the severe and non-severe groups, respectively. Moreover, about 41% of patients had comorbidities. Severity was higher in patients with history of cerebrovascular disease: OR 4.85 (95% CI: 3.11-7.57). The odds of being in severe group increase by 4.81(95% CI: 3.43-6.74) for history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This was 4.19 (95% CI: 2.84-6.19) for chronic lung disease and 3.18, 95% CI: 2.09-4.82 for cancer .The odds ratio of a diabetes and hypertension were 2.61 (95% CI: 2.02-3.3), and 2.37( 95% CI: 1.80-3.13) respectively.

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