scholarly journals 3D Bioprinted Implants for Cartilage Repair in Intervertebral Discs and Knee Menisci

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalindu Perera ◽  
Ryan Ivone ◽  
Evelina Natekin ◽  
Cheryl. A. Wilga ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
3D Bioprinting

Cartilage defects pose a significant clinical challenge as they can lead to joint pain, swelling and stiffness, which reduces mobility and function thereby significantly affecting the quality of life of patients. More than 250,000 cartilage repair surgeries are performed in the United States every year. The current gold standard is the treatment of focal cartilage defects and bone damage with nonflexible metal or plastic prosthetics. However, these prosthetics are often made from hard and stiff materials that limits mobility and flexibility, and results in leaching of metal particles into the body, degeneration of adjacent soft bone tissues and possible failure of the implant with time. As a result, the patients may require revision surgeries to replace the worn implants or adjacent vertebrae. More recently, autograft – and allograft-based repair strategies have been studied, however these too are limited by donor site morbidity and the limited availability of tissues for surgery. There has been increasing interest in the past two decades in the area of cartilage tissue engineering where methods like 3D bioprinting may be implemented to generate functional constructs using a combination of cells, growth factors (GF) and biocompatible materials. 3D bioprinting allows for the modulation of mechanical properties of the developed constructs to maintain the required flexibility following implantation while also providing the stiffness needed to support body weight. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of current advances in 3D bioprinting for cartilage tissue engineering for knee menisci and intervertebral disc repair. We will also discuss promising medical-grade materials and techniques that can be used for printing, and the future outlook of this emerging field.

scholarly journals Translational Application of 3D Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Sophie McGivern ◽  
Halima Boutouil ◽  
Ghayadah Al-Kharusi ◽  
Suzanne Little ◽  
Nicholas J. Dunne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
3D Bioprinting

Cartilage is an avascular tissue with extremely limited self-regeneration capabilities. At present, there are no existing treatments that effectively stop the deterioration of cartilage or reverse its effects; current treatments merely relieve its symptoms and surgical intervention is required when the condition aggravates. Thus, cartilage damage remains an ongoing challenge in orthopaedics with an urgent need for improved treatment options. In recent years, major advances have been made in the development of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted constructs for cartilage repair applications. 3D bioprinting is an evolutionary additive manufacturing technique that enables the precisely controlled deposition of a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive molecules, collectively known as bioink, layer-by-layer to produce constructs that simulate the structure and function of native cartilage tissue. This review provides an insight into the current developments in 3D bioprinting for cartilage tissue engineering. The bioink and construct properties required for successful application in cartilage repair applications are highlighted. Furthermore, the potential for translation of 3D bioprinted constructs to the clinic is discussed. Overall, 3D bioprinting demonstrates great potential as a novel technique for the fabrication of tissue engineered constructs for cartilage regeneration, with distinct advantages over conventional techniques.

Research Progress of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage in Repairing Cartilage Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Yuan-Jia He ◽  
Shuang Lin ◽  
Qiang Ao
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Biomaterial Scaffolds ◽  
Seed Cells

Due to the unsatisfactory outcome of current clinical treatment, tissue engineering technology has become a promising approach for the treatment of cartilage defects. Typical cartilage tissue engineering uses seed cells that have been expanded in vitro to implant into various biomaterial scaffolds that are biocompatible and are gradually degraded and absorbed in the body, with or without physical/chemical factors mimicking the cartilage microenvironment, to regenerate cartilage tissue with similar biochemical and biomechanical properties to natural cartilage tissue. Therefore, we summarise the three aspects of seed cells, biological scaffolds, and factors/signals.

scholarly journals Applications of Biocompatible Scaffold Materials in Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Daniel A. Hu ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Fang He ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Repair Capacity ◽  
Scaffold Materials

Cartilage, especially articular cartilage, is a unique connective tissue consisting of chondrocytes and cartilage matrix that covers the surface of joints. It plays a critical role in maintaining joint durability and mobility by providing nearly frictionless articulation for mechanical load transmission between joints. Damage to the articular cartilage frequently results from sport-related injuries, systemic diseases, degeneration, trauma, or tumors. Failure to treat impaired cartilage may lead to osteoarthritis, affecting more than 25% of the adult population globally. Articular cartilage has a very low intrinsic self-repair capacity due to the limited proliferative ability of adult chondrocytes, lack of vascularization and innervation, slow matrix turnover, and low supply of progenitor cells. Furthermore, articular chondrocytes are encapsulated in low-nutrient, low-oxygen environment. While cartilage restoration techniques such as osteochondral transplantation, autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI), and microfracture have been used to repair certain cartilage defects, the clinical outcomes are often mixed and undesirable. Cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) may hold promise to facilitate cartilage repair. Ideally, the prerequisites for successful CTE should include the use of effective chondrogenic factors, an ample supply of chondrogenic progenitors, and the employment of cell-friendly, biocompatible scaffold materials. Significant progress has been made on the above three fronts in past decade, which has been further facilitated by the advent of 3D bio-printing. In this review, we briefly discuss potential sources of chondrogenic progenitors. We then primarily focus on currently available chondrocyte-friendly scaffold materials, along with 3D bioprinting techniques, for their potential roles in effective CTE. It is hoped that this review will serve as a primer to bring cartilage biologists, synthetic chemists, biomechanical engineers, and 3D-bioprinting technologists together to expedite CTE process for eventual clinical applications.

scholarly journals Digital Light Processing Bioprinted Human Chondrocyte-Laden Poly (γ-Glutamic Acid)/Hyaluronic Acid Bio-Ink towards Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Alvin Kai-Xing Lee ◽  
Yen-Hong Lin ◽  
Chun-Hao Tsai ◽  
Wan-Ting Chang ◽  
Tsung-Li Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cartilage Injury ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

Cartilage injury is the main cause of disability in the United States, and it has been projected that cartilage injury caused by osteoarthritis will affect 30% of the entire United States population by the year 2030. In this study, we modified hyaluronic acid (HA) with γ-poly(glutamic) acid (γ-PGA), both of which are common biomaterials used in cartilage engineering, in an attempt to evaluate them for their potential in promoting cartilage regeneration. As seen from the results, γ-PGA-GMA and HA, with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the photo-crosslinker, could be successfully fabricated while retaining the structural characteristics of γ-PGA and HA. In addition, the storage moduli and loss moduli of the hydrogels were consistent throughout the curing durations. However, it was noted that the modification enhanced the mechanical properties, the swelling equilibrium rate, and cellular proliferation, and significantly improved secretion of cartilage regeneration-related proteins such as glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and type II collagen (Col II). The cartilage tissue proof with Alcian blue further demonstrated that the modification of γ-PGA with HA exhibited suitability for cartilage tissue regeneration and displayed potential for future cartilage tissue engineering applications. This study built on the previous works involving HA and further showed that there are unlimited ways to modify various biomaterials in order to further bring cartilage tissue engineering to the next level.

Inclusion of a Collagen-GAG Sponge Core Improves Tangent Modulus of Multi-Phase PEGDM Hydrogel Constructs

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten R. C. Kinneberg ◽  
Andra Nelson ◽  
Rachel C. Paietta ◽  
Justine J. Roberts ◽  
Brendan A. Harley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tangent Modulus ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Multi Phase

Nearly 27 million people in the United States suffer from osteoarthritis (OA).[1] While surgical options are available for patients suffering from OA, focal treatments, such as resection and mosaicplasty, rarely succeed in regenerating fully functional cartilage. Tissue engineering holds potential for developing more effective repair strategies.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Electroactive Hydrogels for Cartilage–Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Razzaq Farooqi ◽  
Julius Zimmermann ◽  
Rainer Bader ◽  
Ursula van Rienen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Defect Site ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

The intrinsic regeneration potential of hyaline cartilage is highly limited due to the absence of blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves, as well as a low cell turnover within the tissue. Despite various advancements in the field of regenerative medicine, it remains a challenge to remedy articular cartilage defects resulting from trauma, aging, or osteoarthritis. Among various approaches, tissue engineering using tailored electroactive scaffolds has evolved as a promising strategy to repair damaged cartilage tissue. In this approach, hydrogel scaffolds are used as artificial extracellular matrices, and electric stimulation is applied to facilitate proliferation, differentiation, and cell growth at the defect site. In this regard, we present a simulation model of electroactive hydrogels to be used for cartilage–tissue engineering employing open-source finite-element software FEniCS together with a Python interface. The proposed mathematical formulation was first validated with an example from the literature. Then, we computed the effect of electric stimulation on a circular hydrogel sample that served as a model for a cartilage-repair implant.

Treatment of articular cartilage defects in horses with polymer-based cartilage tissue engineering grafts

Biomaterials ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 2882-2889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Barnewitz ◽  
Michaela Endres ◽  
Ina Krüger ◽  
Anja Becker ◽  
Jürgen Zimmermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

scholarly journals Chondrocytes Proliferation of Patients with Cartilage Lesions in Their Own Body for Use in Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Hypotheses on aNew Approach for the Proliferation of Autologous Chondrocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Zahra Abpeikar ◽  
Mostafa Soleimannejad ◽  
Akram Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Gene Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Wound Healing Process

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common chronic diseases, which have involved 250 million people around the world. One of the challenges in the field of cartilage tissue engineering is to provide an adequate source of chondrocytes to prevent changes in gene expression profile as a result of multiple passages.We hypothesized that by creating a low invasive lesion by scalpel or shear laser in the outer ear cartilage and stimulation of wound healing process, hyperplasia occurs and will provide an appropriate number of autologous chondrocytes for extraction and use in articular cartilage tissue engineering. Also, due to the effect of platelet-rich plasma and biomechanical forces in stimulating and accelerating of the repair process, these two factors can be used to achieve more desirable results.We describe a new approach to proliferate chondrocytes in the body. To evaluate this idea, various techniques of gene expression at the level of RNA or protein and animal experiments for histological studies can be used. Also, flowcytometry technique can be used to determine the cell viability and counting them.The use of autologous cell sources with minimal changes in gene expression profile can be promising in tissue engineering products. [GMJ.2019;8:e1483]

scholarly journals Bioprinting of a Zonal-Specific Cell Density Scaffold: A Biomimetic Approach for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7821
Author(s):  
Angeliki Dimaraki ◽  
Pedro J. Díaz-Payno ◽  
Michelle Minneboo ◽  
Mahdiyeh Nouri-Goushki ◽  
Maryam Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Densities

The treatment of articular cartilage defects remains a significant clinical challenge. This is partially due to current tissue engineering strategies failing to recapitulate native organization. Articular cartilage is a graded tissue with three layers exhibiting different cell densities: the superficial zone having the highest density and the deep zone having the lowest density. However, the introduction of cell gradients for cartilage tissue engineering, which could promote a more biomimetic environment, has not been widely explored. Here, we aimed to bioprint a scaffold with different zonal cell densities to mimic the organization of articular cartilage. The scaffold was bioprinted using an alginate-based bioink containing human articular chondrocytes. The scaffold design included three cell densities, one per zone: 20 × 106 (superficial), 10 × 106 (middle), and 5 × 106 (deep) cells/mL. The scaffold was cultured in a chondrogenic medium for 25 days and analyzed by live/dead assay and histology. The live/dead analysis showed the ability to generate a zonal cell density with high viability. Histological analysis revealed a smooth transition between the zones in terms of cell distribution and a higher sulphated glycosaminoglycan deposition in the highest cell density zone. These findings pave the way toward bioprinting complex zonal cartilage scaffolds as single units, thereby advancing the translation of cartilage tissue engineering into clinical practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document