Advances in the Relationship Between Regulator of Ribosome Synthesis 1 (RRS1) and Diseases

A regulator of ribosome synthesis 1 (RRS1) was discovered in yeast and is mainly localized in the nucleolus and endoplasmic reticulum. It regulates ribosomal protein, RNA biosynthesis, and protein secretion and is closely involved in cellular senescence, cell cycle regulation, transcription, translation, oncogenic transformation etc., Mutations in the RRS1 gene are associated with the occurrence and development of Huntington’s disease and cancer, and overexpression of RRS1 promotes tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, the structure, function, and mechanisms of RRS1 in various diseases are discussed.

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Babam2 Regulates Cell Cycle Progression and Pluripotency in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells as Revealed by Induced DNA Damage

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines8100397 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 397

Author(s):

Cheuk Yiu Tenny Chung ◽

Paulisally Hau Yi Lo ◽

Kenneth Ka Ho Lee

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Gamma Irradiation ◽

Cellular Senescence ◽

Cell Cycle Regulation ◽

Cell Cycle Progression ◽

Embryonic Stem ◽

Cycle Progression ◽

Cycle Regulation

BRISC and BRCA1-A complex member 2 (Babam2) plays an essential role in promoting cell cycle progression and preventing cellular senescence. Babam2-deficient fibroblasts show proliferation defect and premature senescence compared with their wild-type (WT) counterpart. Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are known to have unlimited cell proliferation and self-renewal capability without entering cellular senescence. Therefore, studying the role of Babam2 in ESCs would enable us to understand the mechanism of Babam2 in cellular aging, cell cycle regulation, and pluripotency in ESCs. For this study, we generated Babam2 knockout (Babam2−/−) mESCs to investigate the function of Babam2 in mESCs. We demonstrated that the loss of Babam2 in mESCs leads to abnormal G1 phase retention in response to DNA damage induced by gamma irradiation or doxorubicin treatments. Key cell cycle regulators, CDC25A and CDK2, were found to be degraded in Babam2−/− mESCs following gamma irradiation. In addition, Babam2−/− mESCs expressed p53 strongly and significantly longer than in control mESCs, where p53 inhibited Nanog expression and G1/S cell cycle progression. The combined effects significantly reduced developmental pluripotency in Babam2−/− mESCs. In summary, Babam2 maintains cell cycle regulation and pluripotency in mESCs in response to induced DNA damage.

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A Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor Targeting CREB-CBP Complex Possesses Anti-Cancer Effects along with Cell Cycle Regulation, Autophagy Suppression and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0122628 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e0122628 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jong Woo Lee ◽

Hee Sun Park ◽

Sin-Aye Park ◽

Seung-Hee Ryu ◽

Wuyi Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽

Small Molecule ◽

Cell Cycle Regulation ◽

Small Molecule Inhibitor ◽

Molecule Inhibitor ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Cycle Regulation

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miR-221/222 suppression protects against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis via p27Kip1- and MEK/ERK-mediated cell cycle regulation

Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1515/bc.2010.072 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 391 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Rongyang Dai ◽

Juan Li ◽

Youping Liu ◽

Dongmei Yan ◽

Shaokun Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Cell Cycle ◽

Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Er Stress ◽

Cell Cycle Regulation ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Induced Apoptosis ◽

Apoptosis Regulation ◽

Cycle Regulation ◽

Hcc Cells

Abstract Cancer cells are relatively resistant to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. We observed that the microRNAs miR-221/222 are associated with apoptosis regulation under ER stress in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Induction of ER stress does not trigger significant apoptosis but obviously causes downregulation of miR-221/222 in HCC cells. In these cells, ER stress-induced apoptosis is enhanced by miR-221/222 mimics and attenuated by miR-221/222 inhibitors. miR-221/222 promoted-apoptosis under ER stress is associated with p27Kip1- and MEK/ERK-mediated cell cycle regulation. Our results suggest that suppression of miR-221/222 plays a crucial role in the protection against apoptosis induced by ER stress in HCC cells.

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