scholarly journals Research Progress on Epigenetics of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxin Deng ◽  
Yunxiu Liao ◽  
Jianpin Liu ◽  
Wenjuan Liu ◽  
Dewen Yan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Diastolic Relaxation ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Clinical Heart Failure ◽  
Artery Disease

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by diastolic relaxation abnormalities in its initial stages and by clinical heart failure (HF) without dyslipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease in its last stages. DCM contributes to the high mortality and morbidity rates observed in diabetic populations. Diabetes is a polygenic, heritable, and complex condition that is exacerbated by environmental factors. Recent studies have demonstrated that epigenetics directly or indirectly contribute to pathogenesis. While epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, have been recognized as key players in the pathogenesis of DCM, some of their impacts remain not well understood. Furthering our understanding of the roles played by epigenetics in DCM will provide novel avenues for DCM therapeutics and prevention strategies.

Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Mechanism to Management in a Nutshell

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Khan ◽  
Syed S. Ahmad ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Cardiac Cell ◽  
Clinical Heart Failure ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Apoptosis And Necrosis

: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by gradual failing heart with detrimental cardiac remodellings such as fibrosis and diastolic and systolic dysfunction, which is not directly attributable to coronary artery disease. Insulin resistance and resulting hyperglycemia is the main trigger involved in the initiation of diabetic cardiomyopathy. There is a constellation of many pathophysiological events such as lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, dysfunctional immune modulation promoting increased rate of cardiac cell injury, apoptosis, and necrosis which ultimately culminates into interstitial fibrosis, cardiac stiffness, diastolic dysfunction initially and later systolic dysfunction too. These events finally lead to clinical heart failure of DCM. Herein, we have briefly discussed the pathophysiology of DCM. We have also briefly mentioned potential therapeutic strategies currently used for DCM.

scholarly journals Evidence for a Specific Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: An Observational Retrospective Echocardiographic Study in 656 Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Pham ◽  
Emmanuel Cosson ◽  
Minh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Isabela Banu ◽  
Isabelle Genevois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Silent Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Aim. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy, occurring among diabetic patients without hypertension or coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods. 656 asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes for 14 ± 8 years (359 men, 59.7 ± 8.7 years old, HbA1c 8.7 ± 2.1%) and at least one cardiovascular risk factor had a cardiac echography at rest, a stress cardiac scintigraphy to screen for silent myocardial ischemia (SMI), and, in case of SMI, a coronary angiography to screen for silent CAD.Results. SMI was diagnosed in 206 patients, and 71 of them had CAD. In the 157 patients without hypertension or CAD, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH: 24.1%) was the most frequent abnormality, followed by left ventricular dilation (8.6%), hypokinesia (5.3%), and systolic dysfunction (3.8%). SMI was independently associated with hypokinesia (odds ratio 14.7 [2.7–81.7],p<0.01) and systolic dysfunction (OR 114.6 [1.7–7907],p<0.01), while HbA1c (OR 1.9 [1.1–3.2],p<0.05) and body mass index (OR 1.6 [1.1–2.4],p<0.05) were associated with systolic dysfunction. LVH was more prevalent among hypertensive patients and hypokinesia in the patients with CAD.Conclusion. In asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, diabetic cardiomyopathy is highly prevalent and is predominantly characterized by LVH. SMI, obesity, and poor glycemic control contribute to structural and functional LV abnormalities.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiological processes of diabetic cardiomyopathy: emerging biomarkers and potential therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jakubik ◽  
Alex Fitas ◽  
Ceren Eyileten ◽  
Joanna Jarosz-Popek ◽  
Anna Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

AbstractThe epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM) necessitates the development of novel therapeutic and preventative strategies to attenuate complications of this debilitating disease. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a frequent disorder affecting individuals diagnosed with DM characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic and systolic dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in the absence of other heart diseases. Progression of DCM is associated with impaired cardiac insulin metabolic signaling, increased oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial and cardiomyocyte calcium metabolism, and inflammation. Various non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as well as their target genes are implicated in the complex pathophysiology of DCM. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs and lncRNAs play an important role in maintaining homeostasis through regulation of multiple genes, thus they attract substantial scientific interest as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and as a potential therapeutic strategy in DM complications. This article will review the different miRNAs and lncRNA studied in the context of DM, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the contribution of pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, hypertrophy and fibrosis to the development of DCM .

scholarly journals Current Status and Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Using Non-coding RNA to Treat Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit K. Rai ◽  
Brooke Lee ◽  
Ramesh Gomez ◽  
Deepu Rajendran ◽  
Mahmood Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCM) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among diabetic patients. DMCM is characterized by an increase in oxidative stress with systemic inflammation that leads to cardiac fibrosis, ultimately causing diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Even though DMCM pathophysiology is well studied, the approach to limit this condition is not met with success. This highlights the need for more knowledge of underlying mechanisms and innovative therapies. In this regard, emerging evidence suggests a potential role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including micro-RNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) as novel diagnostics, mechanisms, and therapeutics in the context of DMCM. However, our understanding of ncRNAs’ role in diabetic heart disease is still in its infancy. This review provides a comprehensive update on pre-clinical and clinical studies that might develop therapeutic strategies to limit/prevent DMCM.

Research progress of lncRNAs in diabetic retinopathy

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212097040
Author(s):  
Qinying Huang ◽  
Jinying Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is known as a severe complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, can cause varying degrees of damage to visual acuity. The pathogenesis of DR is multifactorial and not fully understood. Many previous research studies have revealed that an aberrant level of some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may accelerate the development of DR. These lncRNAs are regulatory factors and research related to them is always underway. In this review, we will update several types of lncRNAs based on the previous studies which are related to the development of DR and discuss its potential mechanisms of action and connections. Generally, the review will help us know more about lncRNAs and provide directions for future research related to DR.

scholarly journals Adaptive Immunity, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Complications in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pedicino ◽  
Giovanna Liuzzo ◽  
Francesco Trotta ◽  
Ada Francesca Giglio ◽  
Simona Giubilato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Insulin Production ◽  
Autoreactive T Cells ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Artery Disease

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a pandemics that affects more than 170 million people worldwide, associated with increased mortality and morbidity due to coronary artery disease (CAD). In type 1 (T1) DM, the main pathogenic mechanism seems to be the destruction of pancreaticβ-cells mediated by autoreactive T-cells resulting in chronic insulitis, while in type 2 (T2) DM primary insulin resistance, rather than defective insulin production due toβ-cell destruction, seems to be the triggering alteration. In our study, we investigated the role of systemic inflammation and T-cell subsets in T1- and T2DM and the possible mechanisms underlying the increased cardiovascular risk associated with these diseases.

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