scholarly journals Recent Developments on Using Nanomaterials to Combat Candida albicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingxin Li ◽  
Luyao Pan ◽  
Haofeng Zhang ◽  
Lingping Xie ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic

Vaginal candidiasis (VC) is a common disease of women and the main pathogen is Candida albicans (C. albicans). C. albicans infection incidence especially its drug resistance have become a global health threat due to the existence of C. albicans biofilms and the low bioavailability of traditional antifungal drugs. In recent years, nanomaterials have made great progresses in the field of antifungal applications. Some researchers have treated fungal infections with inorganic nanoparticles, represented by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antifungal properties. Liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were also used to improve the bioavailability of antifungal drugs. Herein, we briefly introduced the recent developments on using above nanomaterials to combat C. albicans in antifungal applications.

Efficacy of Novel Schiff base Derivatives as Antifungal Compounds in Combination with Approved Drugs Against Candida Albicans

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manzoor Ahmad Malik ◽  
Shabir Ahmad Lone ◽  
Parveez Gull ◽  
Ovas Ahmad Dar ◽  
Mohmmad Younus Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Total Sterol ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Schiff Base Derivatives

Background: The increasing incidence of fungal infections, especially caused by Candida albicans, and their increasing drug resistance has drastically increased in recent years. Therefore, not only new drugs but also alternative treatment strategies are promptly required. Methods: We previously reported on the synergistic interaction of some azole and non-azole compounds with fluconazole for combination antifungal therapy. In this study, we synthesized some non-azole Schiff-base derivatives and evaluated their antifungal activity profile alone and in combination with the most commonly used antifungal drugs- fluconazole (FLC) and amphotericin B (AmB) against four drug susceptible, three FLC resistant and three AmB resistant clinically isolated Candida albicans strains. To further analyze the mechanism of antifungal action of these compounds, we quantified total sterol contents in FLC-susceptible and resistant C. albicans isolates. Results: A pyrimidine ring-containing derivative SB5 showed the most potent antifungal activity against all the tested strains. After combining these compounds with FLC and AmB, 76% combinations were either synergistic or additive while as the rest of the combinations were indifferent. Interestingly, none of the combinations was antagonistic, either with FLC or AmB. Results interpreted from fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) and isobolograms revealed 4-10-fold reduction in MIC values for synergistic combinations. These compounds also inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, supported by the results from docking studies. Conclusion: The results of the studies conducted advocate the potential of these compounds as new antifungal drugs. However, further studies are required to understand the other mechanisms and in vivo efficacy and toxicity of these compounds.

Elucidation of flexible metal-organic frameworks: Research progresses and recent developments

2019 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
pp. 161-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hwa Lee ◽  
Sungeun Jeoung ◽  
Yongchul G. Chung ◽  
Hoi Ri Moon
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Flexible Metal

scholarly journals A New Form of Intraoral Delivery of Antifungal Drugs for the Treatment of Denture-Induced Oral Candidosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wala M. Amin ◽  
Muna H. Al-Ali ◽  
Nesreen A. Salim ◽  
Sandra K. Al-Tarawneh
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Resin

ABSTRACTObjectives: To monitor the release of the antifungal drugs Fluconazole, Chlorhexidine and a combination of the two from an auto-polymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base resin; and to investigate the effect of the released drugs upon the growth of Candida albicans.Methods: A high performance liquid chromatography-Ultra violet (HPLC-UV) method was used in the analysis of the released drugs into distilled water from PMMA discs doped with the antifungal drugs Fluconazole (10%), Chlorhexidine (10%) and a combination of the two drugs (5% each). The antifungal efficacy of the released drugs was monitored, microbiologically, employing “well” technique on a Saborauds culture medium inoculated with a resistant strain of Candida albicans.Results: It was shown that Fluconazole, Chlorhexidine and the combination of the two drugs can be successfully incorporated with PMMA. It was found that the drugs leach steadily out of the PMMA resin into distilled water at mouth temperature and that sustained drug release continued throughout the 28 days test period. It was also shown that the released drugs demonstrated an antifungal activity against the resistant Candida albicans and this was most remarkable in the combined drugs samples.Conclusions: The findings of this investigation have a clinical value in terms of their significant contribution to the treatment of fungal infections of the oral cavity. The sustained release of antifungal drugs from the PMMA resin clearly constitutes a new dosage form of these drugs via the poly (methyl methacrylate) delivery system. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:257-266)

scholarly journals From Metal-Organic Framework Powders to Shaped Solids: Recent Developments and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakytzhan Yeskendir ◽  
Jean-Philippe Dacquin ◽  
Yannick Lorgouilloux ◽  
Christian Courtois ◽  
Sebastien Royer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Structure ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Metal-organic frameworks represent a class of porous materials which developed considerably over the past few years. Their porous structure makes them outperforming conventional adsorbents in hot topics such as dihydrogen...

scholarly journals Metal Organic Frameworks as Heterogeneous Catalysts in Olefin Epoxidation and Carbon Dioxide Cycloaddition

Inorganics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Alessia Tombesi ◽  
Claudio Pettinari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Olefin Epoxidation ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
New Research

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a family of porous crystalline materials that serve in some cases as versatile platforms for catalysis. In this review, we overview the recent developments about the use of these species as heterogeneous catalysts in olefin epoxidation and carbon dioxide cycloaddition. We report the most important results obtained in this field relating them to the presence of specific organic linkers, metal nodes or clusters and mixed-metal species. Recent advances obtained with MOF nanocomposites were also described. Finally we compare the results and summarize the major insights in specific Tables, outlining the major challenges for this emerging field. This work could promote new research aimed at producing coordination polymers and MOFs able to catalyse a broader range of CO2 consuming reactions.

scholarly journals The Effects of Tormentic Acid and Extracts from Callistemon citrinus on Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis Growth and Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Candida albicans

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Chido Bvumbi ◽  
Godloves Fru Chi ◽  
Marc Y. Stevens ◽  
Molly Mombeshora ◽  
Stanley Mukanganyama
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Ergosterol Content ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Tormentic Acid

Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis are the leading causes of human fungal infections worldwide. There is an increase in resistance of Candida pathogens to existing antifungal drugs leading to a need to find new sources of antifungal agents. Tormentic acid has been isolated from different plants including Callistemon citrinus and has been found to possess antimicrobial properties, including antifungal activity. The study aimed to determine the effects of tormentic and extracts from C. citrinus on C. albicans and C. tropicalis and a possible mode of action. The extracts and tormentic acid were screened for antifungal activity using the broth microdilution method. The growth of both species was inhibited by the extracts, and C. albicans was more susceptible to the extract compared to C. tropicalis. The growth of C. albicans was inhibited by 80% at 100 μg/ml of both the DCM: methanol extract and the ethanol: water extract. Tormentic acid reduced the growth of C. albicans by 72% at 100 μg/ml. The effects of the extracts and tormentic acid on ergosterol content in C. albicans were determined using a UV/Vis scanning spectrophotometer. At concentrations of tormentic acid of 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, and 200 μg/ml, the content of ergosterol was decreased by 22%, 36%, 48%, and 78%, respectively. Similarly, the DCM: methanol extract at 100 μg/ml and 200 μg/ml decreased the content by 78% and 88%, respectively. A dose-dependent decrease in ergosterol content was observed in cells exposed to miconazole with a 25 μg/ml concentration causing a 100% decrease in ergosterol content. Therefore, tormentic acid inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol in C. albicans. Modifications of the structure of tormentic acid to increase its antifungal potency may be explored in further studies.

Metal–organic frameworks: a future toolbox for biomedicine?

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (24) ◽  
pp. 9121-9153
Author(s):  
Ricardo F. Mendes ◽  
Flávio Figueira ◽  
José P. Leite ◽  
Luís Gales ◽  
Filipe A. Almeida Paz
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Biological Field

The present review focuses on the use of Metal–Organic Frameworks, (MOFs) highlighting the most recent developments in the biological field and as bio-sensors.

Controlled polymerizations using metal–organic frameworks

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (84) ◽  
pp. 11843-11856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuto Mochizuki ◽  
Takashi Kitao ◽  
Takashi Uemura
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Organic

This short review focuses on recent developments in polymerization reactions using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs).

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