scholarly journals A Universal Screening Tool for Dyslexia by a Web-Game and Machine Learning

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rauschenberger ◽  
Ricardo Baeza-Yates ◽  
Luz Rello
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
User Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Children with dyslexia have difficulties learning how to read and write. They are often diagnosed after they fail school even if dyslexia is not related to general intelligence. Early screening of dyslexia can prevent the negative side effects of late detection and enables early intervention. In this context, we present an approach for universal screening of dyslexia using machine learning models with data gathered from a web-based language-independent game. We designed the game content taking into consideration the analysis of mistakes of people with dyslexia in different languages and other parameters related to dyslexia like auditory perception as well as visual perception. We did a user study with 313 children (116 with dyslexia) and train predictive machine learning models with the collected data. Our method yields an accuracy of 0.74 for German and 0.69 for Spanish as well as a F1-score of 0.75 for German and 0.75 for Spanish, using Random Forests and Extra Trees, respectively. We also present the game content design, potential new auditory input, and knowledge about the design approach for future research to explore Universal screening of dyslexia. universal screening with language-independent content can be used for the screening of pre-readers who do not have any language skills, facilitating a potential early intervention.

scholarly journals Perspective: Web-based machine learning models for real-time screening of thermoelectric materials properties

APL Materials ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 053213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Gaultois ◽  
Anton O. Oliynyk ◽  
Arthur Mar ◽  
Taylor D. Sparks ◽  
Gregory J. Mulholland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Machine Learning Models

scholarly journals Risk Assessment in Energy Infrastructure Installations by Horizontal Directional Drilling Using Machine Learning

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Maria Krechowicz ◽  
Adam Krechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Horizontal Directional Drilling ◽  
Risk Assessment Process ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Nowadays we can observe a growing demand for installations of new gas pipelines in Europe. A large number of them are installed using trenchless Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) technology. The aim of this work was to develop and compare new machine learning models dedicated for risk assessment in HDD projects. The data from 133 HDD projects from eight countries of the world were gathered, profiled, and preprocessed. Three machine learning models, logistic regression, random forests, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), were developed to predict the overall HDD project outcome (failure free installation or installation likely to fail), and the occurrence of identified unwanted events. The best performance in terms of recall and accuracy was achieved for the developed ANN model, which proved to be efficient, fast and robust in predicting risks in HDD projects. Machine learning applications in the proposed models enabled eliminating the involvement of a group of experts in the risk assessment process and therefore significantly lower the costs associated with the risk assessment process. Future research may be oriented towards developing a comprehensive risk management system, which will enable dynamic risk assessment taking into account various combinations of risk mitigation actions.

scholarly journals Advances in Electronic Phenotyping: From Rule-Based Definitions to Machine Learning Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Banda ◽  
Martin Seneviratne ◽  
Tina Hernandez-Boussard ◽  
Nigam H. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Effectiveness Studies ◽  
Machine Learning Models

With the widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHRs), large repositories of structured and unstructured patient data are becoming available to conduct observational studies. Finding patients with specific conditions or outcomes, known as phenotyping, is one of the most fundamental research problems encountered when using these new EHR data. Phenotyping forms the basis of translational research, comparative effectiveness studies, clinical decision support, and population health analyses using routinely collected EHR data. We review the evolution of electronic phenotyping, from the early rule-based methods to the cutting edge of supervised and unsupervised machine learning models. We aim to cover the most influential papers in commensurate detail, with a focus on both methodology and implementation. Finally, future research directions are explored.

A web-based automated machine learning platform to analyze liquid biopsy data

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2166-2174
Author(s):  
Hanfei Shen ◽  
Tony Liu ◽  
Jesse Cui ◽  
Piyush Borole ◽  
Ari Benjamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
Automated Machine Learning ◽  
Machine Learning Tool ◽  
Machine Learning Models

We have developed a web-based, self-improving and overfitting-resistant automated machine learning tool tailored specifically for liquid biopsy data, where machine learning models can be built without the user's input.

scholarly journals Predicting at-risk students at different percentages of course length for early intervention using machine learning models

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Asad Habib ◽  
Jawad Ashraf ◽  
Shafaq Mussadiq ◽  
Arsalan Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Course Length ◽  
Machine Learning Models

scholarly journals Mining Archive.org’s Twitter Stream Grab for Pharmacovigilance Research Gold

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya Tekumalla ◽  
Javad Rafiei Asl ◽  
Juan M. Banda
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Machine Learning Models

AbstractIn the last few years Twitter has become an important resource for the identification of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), monitoring flu trends, and other pharmacovigilance and general research applications. Most researchers spend their time crawling Twitter, buying expensive pre-mined datasets, or tediously and slowly building datasets using the limited Twitter API. However, there are a large number of datasets that are publicly available to researchers which are underutilized or unused. In this work, we demonstrate how we mined over 9.4 billion Tweets from archive.org’s Twitter stream grab using a drug-term dictionary and plenty of computing power. Knowing that not everything that shines is gold, we used pre-existing drug-related datasets to build machine learning models to filter our findings for relevance. In this work we present our methodology and the 3,346,758 identified tweets for public use in future research.

scholarly journals BitterSweet: Building machine learning models for predicting the bitter and sweet taste of small molecules

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudraksh Tuwani ◽  
Somin Wadhwa ◽  
Ganesh Bagler
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gustatory System ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Machine Learning Models

ABSTRACTThe dichotomy of sweet and bitter tastes is a salient evolutionary feature of human gustatory system with an innate attraction to sweet taste and aversion to bitterness. A better understanding of molecular correlates of bitter-sweet taste gradient is crucial for identification of natural as well as synthetic compounds of desirable taste on this axis. While previous studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular basis of bitter-sweet taste and contributed models for their identification, there is ample scope to enhance these models by meticulous compilation of bitter-sweet molecules and utilization of a wide spectrum of molecular descriptors. Towards these goals, based on structured data compilation our study provides an integrative framework with state-of-the-art machine learning models for bitter-sweet taste prediction (BitterSweet). We compare different sets of molecular descriptors for their predictive performance and further identify important features as well as feature blocks. The utility of BitterSweet models is demonstrated by taste prediction on large specialized chemical sets such as FlavorDB, FooDB, SuperSweet, Super Natural II, DSSTox, and DrugBank. To facilitate future research in this direction, we make all datasets and BitterSweet models publicly available, and also present an end-to-end software for bitter-sweet taste prediction based on freely available chemical descriptors.

scholarly journals Comparing regression modeling strategies for predicting hometime

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessalyn K. Holodinsky ◽  
Amy Y. X. Yu ◽  
Moira K. Kapral ◽  
Peter C. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Machine Learning Models

Abstract Background Hometime, the total number of days a person is living in the community (not in a healthcare institution) in a defined period of time after a hospitalization, is a patient-centred outcome metric increasingly used in healthcare research. Hometime exhibits several properties which make its statistical analysis difficult: it has a highly non-normal distribution, excess zeros, and is bounded by both a lower and upper limit. The optimal methodology for the analysis of hometime is currently unknown. Methods Using administrative data we identified adult patients diagnosed with stroke between April 1, 2010 and December 31, 2017 in Ontario, Canada. 90-day hometime and clinically relevant covariates were determined through administrative data linkage. Fifteen different statistical and machine learning models were fit to the data using a derivation sample. The models’ predictive accuracy and bias were assessed using an independent validation sample. Results Seventy-five thousand four hundred seventy-five patients were identified (divided into a derivation set of 49,402 and a test set of 26,073). In general, the machine learning models had lower root mean square error and mean absolute error than the statistical models. However, some statistical models resulted in lower (or equal) bias than the machine learning models. Most of the machine learning models constrained predicted values between the minimum and maximum observable hometime values but this was not the case for the statistical models. The machine learning models also allowed for the display of complex non-linear interactions between covariates and hometime. No model captured the non-normal bucket shaped hometime distribution. Conclusions Overall, no model clearly outperformed the others. However, it was evident that machine learning methods performed better than traditional statistical methods. Among the machine learning methods, generalized boosting machines using the Poisson distribution as well as random forests regression were the best performing. No model was able to capture the bucket shaped hometime distribution and future research on factors which are associated with extreme values of hometime that are not available in administrative data is warranted.

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