scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of Clinical Laboratory Indicators With Sarcopenia: Results From the West China Health and Aging Trend Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengting Yin ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
Qianhui Liu ◽  
Fei Ding ◽  
Yiping Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
West China ◽  
Aging Trend

BackgroundSarcopenia is an age-related and skeletal muscle disorder involving the loss of muscle mass or strength, and physiological function. Although the diagnostic indicators used in the different guidelines are for muscle mass, strength and physical performance, there are currently no uniform diagnostic criteria. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between a series of biomarkers with sarcopenia in southwest China.MethodsWe included 4302 patients from West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. Thyroxine、albumin、total protein、prealbumin、albumin to globulin ratio (A/G)、25(OH)VD、fasting insulin、adrenal cortisol、triglyceride、high-density lipoprotein、hemoglobin and aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT) were measured. The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were established to describe the predictive value for sarcopenia and we also used multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors of the disease.ResultsIn terms of protein state, patients with sarcopenia had lower value in total protein, albumin, prealbumin, A/G than the control (P<0.001). Patients had lower value in triglyceride but higher value in high-density lipoprotein compared with the healthy in the indicators of lipid metabolism (P<0.001). In the aspect of hormone state, patients had lower free triiodothyronine, fasting insulin but higher free tetraiodothyronine and adrenal cortisol than the healthy (P<0.001). The fasting insulin level (AUC=0.686) and the AST/ALT ratio (AUC=0.682) were the best predictors of sarcopenia among biomarkers. The diagnostic performance of fasting insulin combined with the AST/ALT ratio (AUC=0.720) is equal to multiple indicators (AUC=0.742).ConclusionThe fasting insulin combined with the AST/ALT ratio exhibits good diagnostic performance for sarcopenia.

Performance of commercially-available cholesterol self-tests

2021 ◽  
pp. 000456322199239
Author(s):  
Steef Kurstjens ◽  
Eugenie Gemen ◽  
Selina Walk ◽  
Tjin Njo ◽  
Johannes Krabbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
Better Regulation

Background Hypercholesterolemia (plasma cholesterol concentration ≥5.2 mmol/L) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Many different cholesterol self-tests are readily available at general stores, pharmacies and web shops. However, there is limited information on their analytical and diagnostic performance. Methods We included 62 adult patients who required a lipid panel measurement (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and LDLcalc) for routine care. The performance of five different cholesterol self-tests, three quantitative meters ( Roche Accutrend Plus, Mission 3-in-1 and Qucare) and two semi-quantitative strip tests ( Veroval and Mylan MyTest), was assessed according to the manufacturers’ protocol. Results The average plasma cholesterol concentration was 5.2 ± 1.2 mmol/L. The mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of the five cholesterol self-tests ranged from 6 ± 5% ( Accutrend Plus) to 20 ± 12% ( Mylan Mytest). The Accutrend Plus cholesterol meter showed the best diagnostic performance with a 92% sensitivity and 89% specificity. The Qucare and Mission 3-in-1 are able to measure HDL concentrations and can thus provide a cholesterol:HDL ratio. The Passing-Bablok regression analyses for the ratio showed poor performance in both self-tests ( Mission 3-in-1: y = 1.62x–1.20; Qucare: y = 0.61x + 1.75). The Accutrend Plus is unable to measure the plasma high-density lipoprotein concentration. Conclusions/interpretation: The Accutrend Plus cholesterol meter (Roche) had excellent diagnostic and analytic performance. However, several of the commercially-available self-tests had considerably poor accuracy and diagnostic performance and therefore do not meet the required qualifications, potentially leading to erroneous results. Better regulation, standardization and harmonization of cholesterol self-tests is warranted.

scholarly journals Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio Predicts the Prognosis of Large Artery Atherosclerosis Ischemic Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youyu Li ◽  
Daqing Chen ◽  
Laifang Sun ◽  
Zhibo Chen ◽  
Weiwei Quan
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Poor Functional Outcome ◽  
Outcome Group ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective: Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio is considered as a new inflammatory marker and has been used to predict the severity of coronary heart disease and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events (ACEs). However, there is a lack of data relative to large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) ischemic stroke. We investigated whether the monocyte to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (MHR) is related to the 3-month functional prognosis of LAA ischemic stroke.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 316 LAA ischemic stroke patients. The 3-month functional outcome was divided into good and poor according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between MHR and prognosis of ischemic stroke.Results: The MHR level of poor functional outcome group was higher than that of the good functional outcome group [0.44 (0.3, 0.55) vs. 0.38 (0.27, 0.5), P = 0.025]. Logistic stepwise multiple regression revealed that MHR [odds ratio (OR) 9.464, 95%CI 2.257–39.678, P = 0.002] was an independent risk factor for the 3-month poor outcome of LAA ischemic stroke. Compared to the lower MHR tertile, the upper MHR tertile had a 3.03-fold increase (95% CI 1.475–6.225, P = 0.003) in the odds of poor functional outcome after adjustment for potential confounders. Moreover, a multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline (RCS) showed a positive close to a linear pattern of this association.Conclusion: Elevated MHR was independently associated with an increased risk of poor 3-month functional outcome of patients with LAA ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Ischaemic Stroke in an Omani Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Sundar Ganguly ◽  
Arunodaya R. Gujjar ◽  
Hasina Al Harthi ◽  
Amal Al Hashmi ◽  
Sanjay Jaju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Case Control ◽  
High Density ◽  
History Of

Objectives: Stroke is recognized to be the third most common cause of mortality, with increasing incidence among developing countries. Recognition and control of risk factors is of prime importance in the prevention of stroke. We aimed to study the characteristics of ischemic stroke (IS) patients in Oman, and quantify its various risk factors using a case-control model. Methods: This study conducted from January 2012 to March 2013 included 255 adult Omani patients with IS admitted to two premier hospitals in Oman, compared to 255 age- and gender-matched controls. Demographic factors and frequency of various conventional risk factors were documented. Univariate and step-wise multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the risk factors associated for IS. Results: Of the 255 cases, 63% were males. The mean age was 62.2 ± 13.2 years. Most of the cases (89%)  were above 45 years of age. Cardio-embolism(32%) was the commonest mechanism of IS. The stepwise multiple logistic regression model revealed that family history of stroke was the strongest independent risk factor with odds ratio (OR) of 10.10, followed by hypertension with OR of 5.17 and high-density lipoprotein with OR 3.34 (p< 0.01). Conclusions: Cardio-embolism was the predominant mechanism of IS in this study. Family history of stroke, hypertension and reduced high-density lipoprotein were the leading independent risk factors. Strong emphasis on screening for risk factors, control of hypertension and life-style modification for those with family history of stroke, would be expected to emerge as the major stroke-preventive measures in Oman. Keywords:  Ischemic stroke; Risk factors; Case-control study; Oman.

scholarly journals Association Between Nontraditional Lipid Profiles and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Chinese adults with Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Ding ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Yumeng Shi ◽  
Minghui Li ◽  
Lihua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Chinese Adults

Abstract Background: Data concerning the association between nontraditional lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C ratio, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C)] and the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) are limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between nontraditional lipid indices and the risk of PAD in Chinese hypertensive population.Methods: In the cross-sectional study, a total of 10,900 adults with hypertension were enrolled. PAD was defined as ankle-brachial index < 0.9. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between nontraditional lipid profiles and PAD. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was also used. Results: All nontraditional lipid profiles were independently and positively associated with the prevalence of PAD in a dose response fashion. In multivariable models, we observed a 37%, 14%, 40%, and 24% higher risk for PAD with each SD increment in TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratios, and non-HDL-C levels, respectively. Compared with the lowest tertile, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 1.77 (1.31, 2.40), 1.71 (1.25, 2.34), 2.03 (1.50, 2.74), 1.70 (1.25, 2.31) for the highest tertile of TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratios, and non-HDL-C, respectively. Furthermore, the area under the curves (AUCs) for LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (0.548; 95% CI, 0.516-0.581) and TC/HDL-C ratio (0.547; 95% CI, 0.514-0.579) were significantly larger than those for TG/HDL-C ratio (0.508; 95% CI, 0.461-0.523) and non-HDL-C (0.519; 95% CI, 0.486-0.552).Conclusions: All nontraditional lipid profiles were positively associated with PAD in Chinese adults with hypertension, among which LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratio were better for predicting PAD.Trial registration: CHiCTR, ChiCTR1800017274. Registered 20 July 2018

249 BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALPACA SEMEN AFTER COLLECTION BY ELECTROEJACULATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rodriguez ◽  
W. Huanca ◽  
M. Ramos ◽  
M. Vasquez ◽  
J. Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics

The collection of alpaca semen presents difficulties because of the characteristics of mounts and copulation time in addition to the high viscosity of semen. The biophysical and biochemical characteristics of alpaca semen were investigated. Semen samples from four adult males from 6 to 7 years of age were collected using an electroejaculation technique. The biophysical parameters measured in seminal plasma included volume, color, sperm concentration, motility, and viscosity, and the biochemical parameters included pH and glucose, calcium, triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase concentrations. The mean time for semen collection was 10.3 ± 1.5 min; the volume varied from 1.2 to 3.8 and the colour from clear to milky, and pH was 7.4 ± 0.03. Mean concentration of spermatozoa was 69.3 ± 193 million mL–1, and motility was 52.4 ± 9.7%. Biochemical parameters were glucose (mg dL–1) 8.22 ± 0.77; cholesterol (mg dL–1) 79.78 ± 5.64; triglycerides (mg dL–1) 44.12 ± 7.38; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg dL–1) 4.73 ± 0.30; total protein (g dL–1) 2.36 ± 0.15; albumin (g dL–1) 0.97 ± 0.33; calcium (mg dL–1) 11.77 ± 1.74; alanine transaminase (U L–1) 17.92 ± 9.09; alkaline phosphatase (U L–1) 288.76 ± 279.59; and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (U L–1) 89.62 ± 39.09. These results provide information on the biophysical and biochemical characteristics of alpaca semen collected by electroejaculation, with variable results in the enzymatic components.

Cardioprotective Activity of Agaricus bisporus Against Isoproterenol- Induced Myocardial Infarction in Laboratory Animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apoorva Bhushan ◽  
Mayank Kulshreshtha
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density

Background: Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) is an edible basidiomycete mushroom native to grasslands in Europe and North America. A. bisporus, commonly known as white button mushroom (WBM), is widely cultivated in most countries, and it constitutes the bulk of all mushrooms consumed in the United States and Australia. Traditionally this fungus has used in the treatment of heart diseases. Also it has anti-ageing property.Mushrooms have been found effective against cancer, cholesterol reduction, stress, insomnia, asthma, allergies and diabetes. Objective: The present research was designed to appraise the cardioprotective activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of Agaricus bisporus (EEAB) on Isoproterenol (ISO) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in Albino Wistar rat. Traditionally, Agaricus bisporus is reported in the treatment of heart diseases, cancer, cerebral stroke and anti-ageing property. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats of different sex were randomly split into five groups namely positive control, negative control, standard, test-1 and test-2 and received distilled water, ISO (85 mg/kg), Simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day, oral) and EEAB (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 30 days, respectively. MI was induced in rats by ISO at an interval of 24 hrs on 31 and 32 day and on the next day, blood was amassed through retro-orbital plexus for the assessment of biochemical markers (cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and total protein) and finally, the rats were immolated by cervical dislocation. The heart tissue was reaped instantly, cleaned with chilled isotonic saline and clasped in 10% buffered formalin and used for the histopathological analysis. Results: ISO p.o. administration significantly elevated the cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels while it decreases high-density lipoprotein and total protein in plasma and administration of EEAB decreases the level of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels while it increases high-density lipoprotein and total protein levels. Pretreatment with EEAB protected the cardiotoxicity induced by ISO. The histopathological findings support the analysis of biochemical parameters, ISO-induced myocardium showed infracted zone with edema, inflammatory cells, lipid droplets, myocardial necrosis and vacuolization of myofibrils which were reduced. Conclusion: It can be an outcome that EEAB possessed cardioprotective activity against experimental and clinical studies of ISO-induced myocardial infarction in rats.

Inverse Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration with Muscle Mass in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 476-484
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Duran ◽  
Kyriakos Martakis ◽  
Leonie Schafmeyer ◽  
Miriam Jackels ◽  
Mirko Rehberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Inverse Association

scholarly journals Association between nontraditional lipid profiles and peripheral arterial disease in Chinese adults with hypertension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Ding ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Yumeng Shi ◽  
Minghui Li ◽  
Lihua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Data on the relationship of nontraditional lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C ratio, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C)] with the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) are limited. The present study investigated the relationship of nontraditional lipid indices with PAD in hypertensive patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 10,900 adults with hypertension. Participants were diagnosed with PAD when their ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.9. The association of nontraditional lipid profiles with PAD was examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis and the restricted cubic spline.Results: All nontraditional lipid indices were independently and positively associated with PAD in a dose-response fashion. After multivariable adjustment, the per SD increments of the TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and non-HDL-C were all significantly associated with 37%, 14%, 40%, and 24% higher risk for PAD, respectively. The adjusted ORs (95% CI) for PAD were 1.77 (1.31, 2.40), 1.71 (1.25, 2.34), 2.03 (1.50, 2.74), and 1.70 (1.25, 2.31) when comparing the highest tertile to the lowest tertile of the TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratios and non-HDL-C, respectively. Conclusions: Among Chinese hypertensive adults, all nontraditional lipid indices were positively associated with PAD, and the LDL-C/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratios were better for predicting PAD than other nontraditional lipid indices, which may improve the risk stratification of cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia management. Trial registration: CHiCTR, ChiCTR1800017274. Registered 20 July 2018

scholarly journals The potential shared role of inflammation in insulin resistance and schizophrenia: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. e1003455
Author(s):  
Benjamin I. Perry ◽  
Stephen Burgess ◽  
Hannah J. Jones ◽  
Stan Zammit ◽  
Rachel Upthegrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Cardiometabolic Traits

Background Insulin resistance predisposes to cardiometabolic disorders, which are commonly comorbid with schizophrenia and are key contributors to the significant excess mortality in schizophrenia. Mechanisms for the comorbidity remain unclear, but observational studies have implicated inflammation in both schizophrenia and cardiometabolic disorders separately. We aimed to examine whether there is genetic evidence that insulin resistance and 7 related cardiometabolic traits may be causally associated with schizophrenia, and whether evidence supports inflammation as a common mechanism for cardiometabolic disorders and schizophrenia. Methods and findings We used summary data from genome-wide association studies of mostly European adults from large consortia (Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC) featuring up to 108,557 participants; Diabetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) featuring up to 435,387 participants; Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC) featuring up to 173,082 participants; Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) featuring up to 339,224 participants; Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) featuring up to 105,318 participants; and Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium featuring up to 204,402 participants). We conducted two-sample uni- and multivariable mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to test whether (i) 10 cardiometabolic traits (fasting insulin, high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides representing an insulin resistance phenotype, and 7 related cardiometabolic traits: low-density lipoprotein, fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, leptin, body mass index, glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes) could be causally associated with schizophrenia; and (ii) inflammation could be a shared mechanism for these phenotypes. We conducted a detailed set of sensitivity analyses to test the assumptions for a valid MR analysis. We did not find statistically significant evidence in support of a causal relationship between cardiometabolic traits and schizophrenia, or vice versa. However, we report that a genetically predicted inflammation-related insulin resistance phenotype (raised fasting insulin (raised fasting insulin (Wald ratio OR = 2.95, 95% C.I, 1.38–6.34, Holm-Bonferroni corrected p-value (p) = 0.035) and lower high-density lipoprotein (Wald ratio OR = 0.55, 95% C.I., 0.36–0.84; p = 0.035)) was associated with schizophrenia. Evidence for these associations attenuated to the null in multivariable MR analyses after adjusting for C-reactive protein, an archetypal inflammatory marker: (fasting insulin Wald ratio OR = 1.02, 95% C.I, 0.37–2.78, p = 0.975), high-density lipoprotein (Wald ratio OR = 1.00, 95% C.I., 0.85–1.16; p = 0.849), suggesting that the associations could be fully explained by inflammation. One potential limitation of the study is that the full range of gene products from the genetic variants we used as proxies for the exposures is unknown, and so we are unable to comment on potential biological mechanisms of association other than inflammation, which may also be relevant. Conclusions Our findings support a role for inflammation as a common cause for insulin resistance and schizophrenia, which may at least partly explain why the traits commonly co-occur in clinical practice. Inflammation and immune pathways may represent novel therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of schizophrenia and comorbid insulin resistance. Future work is needed to understand how inflammation may contribute to the risk of schizophrenia and insulin resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document