scholarly journals Maximization of Solar Radiation on PV Panels With Optimal Intervals and Tilt Angle: Case Study of Yanbu, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makbul A. M. Ramli ◽  
Houssem R. E. H. Bouchekara ◽  
Mohammad S. Shahriar ◽  
Ahmad H. Milyani ◽  
Muhyaddin Rawa
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
The Impact

A key factor in the performance of PV panels is the tilt angle, adjustable via various tracking systems. Fixed tilt angle PV panels miss out on most of the solar radiation each day whereas continuous tracking systems are not always cost-efficient, rather impractical in some cases. Therefore, adjusting the tilt angle using a limited number of periods per year can be a good, compromised solution. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to maximize the impact of solar radiation on PV panels by adjusting their tilt angles. Based on a limited number of periods or intervals per year, the optimal duration (number of days) of each period or interval along with the optimum tilt angle corresponding to each interval are determined by solving two interlinked optimization problems. These two problems are solved using the Most Valuable Player Algorithm (MVPA) combined with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The case study for Yanbu, a western coastal city of Saudi Arabia has been investigated. The obtained results show that the enhanced solar power generation can be achieved by using optimal intervals and optimum tilt angle and provide a suitable benchmark for similar techniques to be used in the future to solve the problem of tilt angle adjustment for maximizing PV panels output.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Solar PV Tilt Angle to Maximize the Power Output: A Case Study for Saudi Arabia

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 15914-15928
Author(s):  
Ridha Ben Mansour ◽  
Meer Abdul Mateen Khan ◽  
Fahad Abdulaziz Alsulaiman ◽  
Rached Ben Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Solar Pv

scholarly journals Non-renewable Resources and the Intergenerational Equity Problem in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Norman Adamson Sigalla King
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Economic Trend ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Intergenerational Equity ◽  
Future Price ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Source Of Information

This study examines the intergenerational equity problem of Saudi Arabia, a country that is highly dependent on oil, a non-renewable resource, for most of her income. The first part which is introductory covers the definition of the main concepts, the importance of energy and the Saudi Arabian economic trend. The second part covers oil production and the alternative and future strategies. The paper has articulated documentation as the major source of information, while maintaining review through thinking holistically as the drive to making analyses of the discussion. It is a case study design as it focuses on Saudi Arabia. The third part of the paper discusses the challenges to models, alternatives, and the impact of future price of oil. The paper concludes that managing an economy which has the strength of nonrenewable resource such as oil, need highly adept understanding of resource management while containing other industrial products to support the economy.

scholarly journals Improved empirical models for estimating surface direct and diffuse solar radiation at monthly and daily level: A case study in North China

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Feng ◽  
Dongmei Chen ◽  
Xinyi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
North China ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Total Solar Radiation ◽  
Diffuse Solar Radiation ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

Precise knowledge of direct and diffuse solar radiation is important for energy utilization and agricultural activities. However, field measurements in most areas of the world are only for total solar radiation. The satellite-retrieved direct and diffuse solar radiation show poor performance under overcast skies. Therefore, better empirical models are needed to estimate direct and diffuse solar radiation by considering the impact of aerosols over polluted regions. A case study is conducted in North China with the ground-measured solar radiation and satellite-retrieved aerosol optical depth to improve new empirical models at monthly (from 2000 to 2016) and daily (from 2006 to 2009) level. The improved empirical models are validated using the field measurements and compared with the existing models. Results suggest that these models perform well in estimating direct solar radiation at monthly ( R2 = 0.86–0.91, RMSE = 0.76–0.83 MJ/m2) and daily ( R2 = 0.91–0.94, RMSE = 1.51–1.64 MJ/m2) level. The accuracy of estimated monthly ( R2 = 0.95–0.96, RMSE = 0.57–0.65 MJ/m2) and daily ( R2 = 0.91–0.93, RMSE = 1.09–1.15 MJ/m2) diffuse solar radiation, particularly the maximum diffuse solar radiation value, has been improved compared to the existing models. The models presented in this study can be useful in the improvement and evaluation of solar radiation dataset over polluted regions similar to North China.

scholarly journals Early estimates of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP: a case study of Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
David Havrlant ◽  
Abdulelah Darandary ◽  
Abdelrahman Muhsen
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Estimating the Optimum Tilt Angles for South-Facing Surfaces in Palestine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramez Abdallah ◽  
Adel Juaidi ◽  
Salameh Abdel-Fattah ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Horizontal Surface ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Energy Gains ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The optimum tilt angle of solar panels or collectors is crucial when determining parameters that affect the performance of those panels. A mathematical model is used for determining the optimum tilt angle and for calculating the solar radiation on a south-facing surface on a daily, monthly, seasonal, semi-annual, and annual basis. Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) and Photovoltaic Software (PVWatts) is developed by the NREL (US National Renewable Energy Laboratory) are also used to calculate the optimum monthly, seasonal, semi-annual, and annual tilt angles and to compare these results with the results obtained from the mathematical model. The results are very similar. PVGIS and PVWatts are used to estimate the solar radiation on south-facing surfaces with different tilt angles. A case study of a mono-crystalline module with 5 kWP of peak power is used to find out the amount of increased energy (gains) obtained by adjusting the Photovoltaic (PV) tilt angles based on yearly, semi-annual, seasonal, and monthly tilt angles. The results show that monthly adjustments of the solar panels in the main Palestinian cities can generate about 17% more solar energy than the case of solar panels fixed on a horizontal surface. Seasonal and semi-annual adjustments can generate about 15% more energy (i.e., it is worth changing the solar panels 12 times a year (monthly) or at least 2 times a year (semi-annually). The yearly optimum tilt angle for most Palestinian cities is about 29°, which yields an increase of about 10% energy gain compared to a solar panel fixed on a horizontal surface.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Solar Collectors Installation on a Roof of the Small Public Building in Poland, Lithuania and Spain—A Case Study

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk ◽  
Mirosław Żukowski ◽  
Antonio Rodero ◽  
Ruta Bilinskiene
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Solar Collectors

A solar collector market is most European countries is at the stage of continuous development, however its expansion rate differs. It shows that much more factors than only the local solar radiation is important, including a technology progress, costs, local manufactures’ engagement, an economic government support or an environmentally consciousness raising relevant to a mitigating climate change. We conducted the analysis for a public office building, with a few toilets and a social room, used by 54 people. As a primary heat source for HVAC and DHW systems an oil boiler was used, whereas solar collectors were considered as an energy source for hot water preparation. The analysis was conducted for three locations of the building: Bialystok (Poland), Cordoba (Spain) and Kaunas (Lithuania), using a simulation software delivered within the framework of VIPSKILLS project. Theoretical hot water consumption was considered as 3–7 dm3/(day person) in compliance with national recommendations. It was found that beam solar radiation share in a total radiation balance was nearly twice higher in Cordoba than in Bialystok or Kaunas. The highest efficiency (44%) was estimated in Cordoba for solar collectors installed with the tilt angle between 45–50°. In case of Bialystok and Kaunas the efficiency was lower than in Cordoba and nearly equal 40–41% and the recommended tilt angle was in a range 30– 45°.

scholarly journals The impact of listing on banks’ performance: case study from Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alsharif
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Commercial Bank ◽  
Efficient Frontier ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Additional Monitoring

Using quarterly data from 2010 to 2019, this paper investigates the impact of listing status on the performance of the National Commercial Bank (NCB), the largest commercial bank in Saudi Arabia, by applying a combination of financial ratios analysis and efficient frontier analysis with a mix of parametric and non-parametric tests. The overall results show that although the NCB performance is superior compared to their counterparts, this superiority has deteriorated after the bank was listed in 2014. This result was captured by the deterioration in the efficiency measures of NCB, indicating the significance of using the efficient frontier analysis as an additional monitoring tool by the Saudi regulators. The financial ratios analysis also shows that even though the NCB profitability has increased, there is an increase in the bank’s overall risk after being listed. Therefore, Saudi regulators should closely monitor their listed banks as these banks are directed toward high-risk assets.

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