scholarly journals Glacier Runoff Variation Since 1981 in the Upper Naryn River Catchments, Central Tien Shan

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Saks ◽  
Eric Pohl ◽  
Horst Machguth ◽  
Amaury Dehecq ◽  
Martina Barandun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Runoff Variation ◽  
Glacier Runoff ◽  
Climate Interactions

Water resources in Central Asia strongly depend on glaciers, which in turn adjust their size in response to climate variations. We investigate glacier runoff in the period 1981–2019 in the upper Naryn basin, Kyrgyzstan. The basins contain more than 1,000 glaciers, which cover a total area of 776 km2. We model the mass balance and runoff contribution of all glaciers with a simplified energy balance melt model and distributed accumulation model driven by ERA5 LAND re-analysis data for the time period of 1981–2019. The results are evaluated against discharge records, satellite-derived snow cover, stake readings from individual glaciers, and geodetic mass balances. Modelled glacier volume decreased by approximately 6.7 km3 or 14%, and the majority of the mass loss took place from 1996 until 2019. The decreasing trend is the result of increasingly negative summer mass balances whereas winter mass balances show no substantial trend. Analysis of the discharge data suggests an increasing runoff for the past two decades, which is, however only partly reflected in an increase of glacier melt. Moreover, the strongest increase in discharge is observed in winter, suggesting either a prolonged melting period and/or increased groundwater discharge. The average runoff from the glacierized areas in summer months (June to August) constitutes approximately 23% of the total contributions to the basin’s runoff. The results highlight the strong regional variability in glacier-climate interactions in Central Asia.

scholarly journals Heat flow of Uzbekistan: geology and interpretation

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Zui ◽  
Dmitriy N. Andreyev ◽  
Khikmatilla Kh. Rakhmatullayev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Heat Flow Density ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Deep Faults ◽  
Wide Range

The first determinations of the heat flow density in Uzbekistan, as well as in Central Asia as a whole, were carried out in the middle 1960s. In subsequent years, many researchers, primarily in connection with the search and exploration of oil and natural gas deposits, studied the geothermal field of the region. The data accumulated to date show a significant heterogeneity of the thermal field in both Uzbekistan and the adjacent territory of Central Asia. Rare wells were studied in the desert areas of Kyzyl Kum and Kara Kum. The heat flow in Uzbekistan varies over a wide range from 20–30 to approximately 100 mW/m2. Its high values are characteristic of intermountain depressions and blocks of the earth’s crust with a dense network of deep faults. The heat flow increases significantly in the southern and eastern parts of Uzbekistan, as well as in the neighbouring territories adjacent to the mountain structures of the Tien Shan and Pamir, characterized by high seismicity, tectonic and thermal activation. An updated map of the heat flow density of Uzbekistan was compiled and, separately for the Fergana Depression. They reflect a significant regional variability of the geothermal field. With the transition from the relatively flat territory of the Turanian Plate to mountain structures, the degree of differentiation by the heat flow increases significantly. This is typical of the entire orogenic Alpine-Himalayan Belt.

scholarly journals Long-range terrestrial laser scanning measurements of annual and intra-annual mass balances for Urumqi Glacier No. 1, eastern Tien Shan, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2361-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhai Xu ◽  
Zhongqin Li ◽  
Huilin Li ◽  
Feiteng Wang ◽  
Ping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Surface Mass Balance ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Surface Mass ◽  
Mass Conversion ◽  
Geodetic Mass Balance

Abstract. The direct glaciological method provides in situ observations of annual or seasonal surface mass balance, but can only be implemented through a succession of intensive in situ measurements of field networks of stakes and snow pits. This has contributed to glacier surface mass-balance measurements being sparse and often discontinuous in the Tien Shan. Nevertheless, long-term glacier mass-balance measurements are the basis for understanding climate–glacier interactions and projecting future water availability for glacierized catchments in the Tien Shan. Riegl VZ®-6000 long-range terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), typically using class 3B laser beams, is exceptionally well suited for repeated glacier mapping, and thus determination of annual and seasonal geodetic mass balance. This paper introduces the applied TLS for monitoring summer and annual surface elevation and geodetic mass changes of Urumqi Glacier No. 1 as well as delineating accurate glacier boundaries for 2 consecutive mass-balance years (2015–2017), and discusses the potential of such technology in glaciological applications. Three-dimensional changes of ice and firn–snow bodies and the corresponding densities were considered for the volume-to-mass conversion. The glacier showed pronounced thinning and mass loss for the four investigated periods; glacier-wide geodetic mass balance in the mass-balance year 2015–2016 was slightly more negative than in 2016–2017. Statistical comparison shows that agreement between the glaciological and geodetic mass balances can be considered satisfactory, indicating that the TLS system yields accurate results and has the potential to monitor remote and inaccessible glacier areas where no glaciological measurements are available as the vertical velocity component of the glacier is negligible. For wide applications of the TLS in glaciology, we should use stable scan positions and in-situ-measured densities of snow–firn to establish volume-to-mass conversion.

Earthquake focal mechanisms, deformation state, and seismotectonics of the Pamir-Tien Shan region, Central Asia

1995 ◽  
Vol 100 (B10) ◽  
pp. 20321-20343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert A. Lukk ◽  
Sergei L. Yunga ◽  
Vladimir I. Shevchenko ◽  
Michael W. Hamburger
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Earthquake Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Deformation State

Paleozoic accretion and Cenozoic redeformation of the Chinese Tien Shan Range, central Asia

Geology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Windley ◽  
M. B. Allen ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
Z-Y Zhao ◽  
G-R Wang
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Tien Shan

Permafrost warming in the Tien Shan Mountains, Central Asia

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Marchenko ◽  
A.P. Gorbunov ◽  
V.E. Romanovsky
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Permafrost Warming ◽  
Tien Shan Mountains

scholarly journals Pupilla loessica LOŽEK 1954 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Pupillidae) - „A living Fossil“ in Central Asia?

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Meng ◽  
Matthias H. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
European Region ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
Central European ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Central European Region ◽  
Northern Mongolia

Abstract. LOŽEK (1986) is of the opinion that Pupilla loessica has been found recently in Central Asia. The aim of this study is to provide some initial, concrete contributions to the discussion of this subject. It should be understood as a basis for further investigations. During recent visits on site between 1995 and 2006 in Central Asia in the Russian Altay, in Northern Mongolia, in the Baikal region and in the Tien Shan, numerous recent malacocenoses were examined. In many places evidence was found of a form of Pupilla which had not previously been described from this region; its shell morphology cannot be distinguished from Pupilla loessica. Its distribution is concentrated in the strongly continental Khrebet Saylyugem in the South Eastern Altay. The probability of the occurrence of Pupilla loessica in Central Asia is supported, apart from the shell morphology criteria, by the preference of this species for more continental types of habitat with average annual temperatures markedly below 0° C and the corresponding accompanying fauna adapted to the cold, including e.g. Columella columella, Vertigo genesii, Vallonia tenuilabris, etc., which make these fauna easily comparable to the Pleistocene glacial associations of the Central European region.

Empirical relationship between particulate matter and aerosol optical depth over Northern Tien-Shan, Central Asia

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris B. Chen ◽  
Leonid G. Sverdlik ◽  
Sanjar A. Imashev ◽  
Paul A. Solomon ◽  
Jeffrey Lantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Northern Tien Shan

Description of the female of Chelis ferghana Dubatolov, 1988, an endemic moth species of the Tien Shan Range in Central Asia (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4790 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-200
Author(s):  
VITALY M. SPITSYN ◽  
GRIGORY S. POTAPOV
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Moth Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

Seven Arctiine genera have recently been synonymized with the genus Chelis Rambur, 1866 using a comprehensive multi-locus phylogeny (Rönkä et al. 2016). The genus Chelis s. str. contains nine species, the ranges of which cover temperate and subtropical areas of Eurasia from the Iberian Peninsula to the Pacific Ocean coast (Dubatolov & de Vos 2010, Ortiz et al. 2016). Two species, i.e. Chelis ferghana Dubatolov, 1988 and C. strigulosa (Böttcher, 1905), are endemic to the Tien Shan Mountain Range. These taxa can be distinguished by morphological differences in the apical part of the valva. 

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