scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Regional Difference of Environmental Efficiency Based on Carbon Reduction Goals: Evidence From China

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyan Pan ◽  
Muhammad Awais Gulzar ◽  
Zongjun Wang ◽  
Chensi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Carbon Reduction

China will strive to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutralization by 2060 cooperating with the system dominated by carbon intensity control and supplemented by total carbon emission control. This paper analyzes the environmental efficiency index of China; the empirical results show that the average growth rate is 4.5% from 2006 to 2017. A further decomposition of changes on scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency indicates that the pure technical efficiency maintains a long-term growth, and scale efficiency shows a fluctuant tendency. The abovementioned changes show that various methods in China such as industrial structure adjustment and promotion of the development of high and new technologies have obtained a certain effect. From the perspectives of regional differences, the average changes of environmental efficiency in eastern, central, and western regions as well as most of provinces and cities are all on the increase. On the space layout, a trend has been presented that the average changes in central regions exceed those in eastern regions, while the average changes in western regions are comparatively lower than those in eastern regions.

Measuring output-based technical efficiency of Indian coal-based thermal power plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushama Murty ◽  
Resham Nagpal
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian Coal ◽  
First Time ◽  
Production Approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure technical efficiency of Indian thermal power sector employing the recent by-production approach. Design/methodology/approach The by-production approach is used in conjunction with data from the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) of India to compute the output-based Färe, Grosskopf, Lovell (FGL) efficiency index and its decomposition into productive and environmental efficiency indexes for the ITPPs Findings The authors show that given the aggregated nature of data on coal reported by CEA, CEA’s computation of CO2 emissions through a deterministic linear formula that does not distinguish between different coal types and the tiny share of oil in coal-based power plants, the computed output-based environmental efficiency indexes are no longer informative. Meaningful measurement of environmental efficiency using CEA data is possible only along the dimension of the coal input. Productive efficiency is positively associated with the engineering concept of thermodynamic/energy efficiency and is also high for power plants with high operating availabilities reflecting better management and O&M practices. Both these factors are high for private and centrally owned as opposed to state-owned power-generating companies. The example of Sipat demonstrates the importance of (ultra)supercritical technologies in increasing productive and thermodynamic efficiencies of the ITPPs, while also reducing CO2 emitted per unit of the net electricity generated. Originality/value This paper uses the by-production approach for the first time to measure technical efficiency of ITPPs and highlights how the nature of the Indian data impacts on efficiency measurement.

scholarly journals Bank efficiency analysis of financial innovations: dea model application for the institutional concept

2021 ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Zohrab Ibrahimov ◽  
Sakina Hajiyeva ◽  
Vuqar Nazarov ◽  
Lamiya Qasimova ◽  
Vasif Ahadov
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Bank Efficiency ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Efficiency Decomposition ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
Banking Institutions

Globalization and digitization of the banking and financial market are well known. They are the trends of this decade-defining the context and efficiency of the banking business. Financial innovations introduced by new technologies have provided banks with the necessary utilities to seize the possibilities to tap into efficiency and competitive advantage gains. In this context, this study seeks to assess the overall efficiency of Azerbaijanian banks in adopting and utilizing financial innovation in providing financial products and services. The data envelopment analysis was applied to compute and compare the ability of financial intermediaries to adopt financial innovations via modern technologies efficiently. Based on the institutional value-added concept, the aggregate efficiency score for each of the 14 banking institutions was calculated. The inefficiency sources were derived from the overall technical efficiency decomposition into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The results showed that only four banks had utilized financial innovations in the banking production process to increase their value-added during 2017-2019. Decomposition results further indicated that slight values of the overall technical inefficiency were caused by scale inefficiency. Thus, these banks' had the capacity for banking business value-added growth by 5-16% just by adjusting scales. Simultaneously, all significant deviations from the absolute overall technical efficiency caused by both pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Therefore, there is still much room for banking institutions to increase value-added by adjusting scales and enhancing banking operations and management.

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Differentiations in Environmental Governance

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benhong Peng ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Guo Wei ◽  
Ehsan Elahi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Efficiency ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

With the general degradation of environmental carrying capacity in recent years, many developing countries are facing with the dual task of economic development and environmental protection. To explore the issue of urban environmental governance, in this research, we establish a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to investigate the environmental governance regarding temporal and spatial efficiency. Further, we deconstruct environmental governance efficiency into comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency and develop a Tobit model to analyze the influencing factors affecting urban environmental governance efficiency. In addition, the above DEA, Tobit model, and deconstruction of efficiency have been applied to study environmental governance efficiency for the Yangtze River urban agglomeration. Findings include: (1) The gap in environmental governance efficiency between cities is highly noticeable, as the highest efficiency index is 0.934, the lowest is only 0.246, and the comprehensive efficiency index has fallen sharply from 0.708 to 0.493 in the past 10 years; (2) Environmental governance efficiency is basically driven by technological progress, while the scale efficiency change index is the main driver of the technological progress change index; (3) For environmental governance efficiency, urbanization and capital openness are irrelevant factors, economic level and urban construction are unfavorable factors, and industrial structure and population density are favorable factors. These findings will help urban agglomerations to effectively avoid the adverse effects of environmental governance efficiency in economic development, and achieve a coordinated development of urban construction and environmental governance.

Factor Analysis on the Industrial Environmental Efficiency and Energy Utilization Efficiency of China by DEA Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1620-1626
Author(s):  
Hong Jun Lei ◽  
Qiao Li Zhang ◽  
Chang Jia Li ◽  
Bei Dou Xi ◽  
Xun Feng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Dea Method

Faced with two big stresses of energy shortage and environmental pollutants, China should improve its energy utilization efficiency. Based on the data of China Statistical Yearbook and China Environmental Statistics Yearbook, the pollutants discharge and energy utilization efficiency, including technical efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), scale efficiency (SE) and returns to scale (RTS) of China’s industry and its sub-sectors were analyzed by constant returns to scale model (CRS) and variable returns to scale model (VRS) of non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. Results showed that: (1) The RTS of China's total industrial environmental efficiency and energy utilization efficiency were all in "irs" state, indicating that it was beneficial to expand the entire industrial scale. (2) The TE of total industrial energy utilization efficiency was about 0.80, the minimum TE was 0.018 of production and distribution of gas sector. (3) The total industrial environmental efficiency was about 0.77, the two sectors with high pollutants discharges were mining of other ores and manufacture of paper and paper products, and TE were 0.065 and 0.067, respectively. Mostly industrial sub-sectors should improve their technologies and adjust its scales except for extraction of petroleum and natural gas, manufacture of tobacco, printing, reproduction of recording media and so on. (4) Mining of other ores, manufacture of tobacco, manufacture of communication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment, manufacture of measuring, instruments and machinery for cultural activity and office work and production and distribution of water were in high energy utilization efficiency while in low environmental efficiency and steady RTS. So these sectors should improve the technologies to achieve DEA effective. (5) Scale expanding, technology advancement, energy use pattern improvement and industry structure adjustment were suggested for energy-saving industry according to the TE, PTE, SE and RTS.

Analysis of Industrial Carbon Emissions Assessment and Spatial Distribution

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2745-2750
Author(s):  
Xiao Fen Li ◽  
Rui Peng ◽  
Min Xing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Industrial Carbon ◽  
Spatial Distribution Function ◽  
City Construction

Under the background of ecological civilization, the energy saving and emission reduction, low carbon eco-city construction is booming. At present, China industrial carbon emissions account for more than half of total carbon emissions in the whole society. The analysis of industrial carbon emissions and its spatial distribution is quite important. Consider the Park of Shenzhen international low-carbon city as the research object; based on the enterprise data from the 2011 industrial census, it combines both the top-down and bottom-up methods to evaluate its current industrial carbon emission levels and then discusses the relationship between the industrial structure and carbon emissions. Comprehensive utilization of the spatial distribution function of GIS, the spatial distribution characteristics of industrial carbon emissions and carbon intensity is evaluated, so as to provide the references for the related policy-making of low-carbon ecological city.

scholarly journals Exploring the Effects of Industrial Structure, Technology, and Energy Efficiency on China’s Carbon Intensity and Their Contributions to Carbon Intensity Target

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8016
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Jiachen Hong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Intermediate Input ◽  
Residential Energy

To achieve the national carbon intensity (NCI) target, China should adopt effective mitigation measures. This paper aims to examine the effects of key mitigation measures on NCI. Using the input-output table in 2017, this paper establishes the elasticity model of NCI to investigate the effects of industrial development, intermediate input coefficients, energy efficiency, and residential energy saving on NCI, and further evaluates the contributions of key measures on achieving NCI target. The results are shown as follows. First, the development of seven sectors will promote the increase of NCI while that of 21 sectors will reduce NCI. Second, NCI will decrease significantly with the descending of intermediate input coefficients of sectors, especially electricity production and supply. Third, improving energy efficiency and residential energy saving degree could reduce NCI, but the latter has limited contribution. Fourth, the development of all sectors will reduce NCI by 10.11% in 2017–2022 if sectors could continue the historical development trends. Fifth, assuming that sectors with rising intermediate input coefficients would keep their coefficients unchanged in the predicting period and sectors with descending coefficients would continue the historical descending trend, the improvement of technology and management of all sectors will reduce NCI by 14.02% in 2017–2022.

scholarly journals Investigation on firm efficiency: evidence from selected Asia-Pacific countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 3062-3080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khar Mang Tan ◽  
Fakarudin Kamarudin ◽  
Amin Noordin Bany-Ariffin ◽  
Norhuda Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Firm Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parametric Data

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the firm efficiency or technical efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE) in the selected developed and developing Asia-Pacific countries. Design/methodology/approach The sample consists of a sum of 700 firms in selected developed and developing Asia-Pacific countries over the period from 2009 to 2015. The non-parametric data envelopment analysis under the production approach is used to investigate firm efficiency. Findings On average, this paper discovers that the firms in selected Asia-Pacific countries are moderately efficient. Scale inefficiency (SIE) is found to be the dominant source of firms’ technical inefficiency. The analysis of return to scale shows that the large firms tend to operate at decreasing return to scale level, while the small firms tend to operate at increasing return to scale level. Practical implications The findings from this paper provide significant insights to the policy makers and firm managers in promoting the efficient firms of Asia-Pacific countries. Originality/value The present paper conducts a critical analysis on return to scale in the firms sector of Asia-Pacific context, which is ignored by the past studies on firm efficiency since the analysis of return to scale is mostly emphasized on banking sector. The precise nature of SIE is important for a firm to be efficient in achieving the firm’s primary goals of profit maximization and sustaining market competitiveness.

Impact of marine industrial structure on environmental efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhong Wang ◽  
Lu Xing ◽  
Hanxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Environmental Efficiency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Marine Economy ◽  
Marine Environmental ◽  
Land Economic

Purpose Recently, China has been paying increasing attention to how to improve the efficiency of the marine environment and realize a green and sustainable development of the marine economy. Consequently, the industrial structure is crucial to improving efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to introduce environmental factors into the efficiency analysis framework and explore the relationship between marine industrial structure and marine environmental efficiency. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses marine economic data under the DEA-BBC model to measure the marine environmental efficiency of provinces and cities and classifies them by cluster analysis. Then, the marine industrial structure and marine environmental efficiency are studied by an econometric model with human capital, ownership structure, land economic development level, scientific research input and government intervention degree as control variables. Findings The overall level of marine environmental efficiency is relatively low in China, increasing and then decreasing over the research period. The rationalization of industrial structure and scientific research input have significant promoting effects on marine environmental efficiency, while the degree of government intervention has a significant inhibiting effect. The positive effect of human capital on efficiency depends on whether it can be successfully converted into productivity. The effects of industrial structure advancement, ownership structure and land economic development level of on the marine environmental efficiency are mixed. Originality/value The results provide a theoretical and decision-making basis for China to transform and upgrade its marine industrial structure and sustainably develop the marine economy.

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