scholarly journals The Evolution of Alternative Buoyancy Mechanisms in Freshwater Fish Eggs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Carl Smith ◽  
Yeke Wang ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Wulai Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Perivitelline Space ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Reproductive Tactics ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Pelagic Eggs

Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are behavioural, morphological, and physiological traits associated with alternative reproductive phenotypes within a population or species. ARTs are widespread in nature, and are a particular feature of teleost fishes. However, few studies have examined egg buoyancy mechanisms in the context of the evolution of ARTs in freshwater fishes. In marine fishes, egg buoyancy is achieved chiefly through hydration. While the buoyancy of freshwater fish eggs has been suggested to be determined primarily through the presence of oil droplets, the majority (60%) of freshwater pelagic eggs do not possess an oil droplet. We applied a physical model of buoyancy to understand the contributions of oil droplets and hydration to the buoyancy of pelagic freshwater fish eggs. We further used phylogenetic regression to estimate the effect of the relative size of the perivitelline space, habitat and parental care on the occurrence of oil droplets, while controlling for non-independence among species due to phylogenetic relatedness. Our analysis demonstrates that the probability of oil droplets in freshwater pelagic eggs exhibits a significant negative relationship with the size of perivitelline space, which may reflect a trade-off relating to energy allocation in contrasting habitats. We also demonstrate a positive association between the probability of oil droplets and the provision of parental care and occupancy of lentic habitats. These findings indicates the evolution of contrasting buoyancy mechanisms as novel ARTs in freshwater fishes. A theoretical model in combination with empirical analysis indicate the evolution of novel ARTs in freshwater fishes as adaptive responses to flow conditions.

scholarly journals Probiotics for cultured freshwater fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Javier Fernando Melo-Bolívar ◽  
Ruth Yolanda Ruiz-Pardo ◽  
Michael E Hume ◽  
Hanna E Sidjabat ◽  
Luisa Marcela Villamil-Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Commercial Applications

Probiotic products are viewed as an alternative to the use of antibiotics in freshwater fishes farming. Probiotic organisms include bacteria, yeast, and filamentous fungi offering different benefits to fish including growth promotion, inhibition of pathogen colonisation, and improvement of nutrient digestion, water quality, and stress tolerance, as well as enhancement of reproduction. For these reasons, this review aims to identify the main trends in probiotic amendment in freshwater fishes. Strategies to incorporate the probiotic strains in the fish feed or pellets to allow optimal viability of the strains as they reach the fish gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are crucial in probiotic research and commercial applications for freshwater fish.

scholarly journals Ecology and Conservation of Freshwater Fishes Biodiversity: We Need More Knowledge to Develop Conservation Strategies

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Rafael Miranda ◽  
Imanol Miqueleiz
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Vertebrate Species

Freshwater fish represent one-fourth of all vertebrate species, despite freshwater occupying less than 1% of the Earth’s surface [...]

scholarly journals A review of length-weight relationships of freshwater fishes in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amonodin Mohamad Radhi ◽  
Mohd-Fadzil Nurul Fazlinda ◽  
Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal ◽  
Hashim Rohasliney
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Ecological Health ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species

Abstract This manuscript reviews the length-weight relationships (LWRs) of freshwater fishes in Malaysia. A total of 102 LWRs of fishes gathered from literature pertaining to 64 freshwater fish species were analysed. A meta-analysis from 13 previous reports showed that the b values was ranged from 2.19 (Clarias batrachus) to 4.106 (Barbodes binotatus). Out of 64 observed species, 47 species (11 families) experienced positive allometric growth, while another 23 species (eight families) and 31 species (12 families) were recorded under isometric and negative allometric growth, respectively. The fish LWRs observed can be used as an indicator of environmental changes and fish ecological health for freshwater fishes in Malaysia.

Distribution of freshwater fish from the Southern Neotropics reveals three new areas of endemism and show diffuse limits among freshwater ecoregions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Bessonart ◽  
Marcelo Loureiro ◽  
José Carlos Guerrero ◽  
Claudia Szumik
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Rio De La Plata ◽  
Río De La Plata ◽  
La Plata ◽  
Areas Of Endemism

Abstract Ecoregions and areas of endemism are central concepts in biogeography. Based on collection records and the Endemic Analyses implemented with NDM/VNDM method we analyzed fish areas of endemism in the junction of three freshwater ecoregions related to the Rio de la Plata estuary (Lower Parana, Lower Uruguay, Laguna dos Patos) in Southern Neotropical region. Using two grid cell sizes, results obtained showed the same general patterns. Areas of endemism recovered were mainly associated either to Lower Uruguay or to Laguna dos Patos. In both ecoregions nested areas of endemism were identified within larger patterns of endemism. Noteworthy, one area recovered occurred across Lower Uruguay and Laguna dos Patos limits. Our results also suggest a revision of the Lower Uruguay and Lower Parana ecoregion limits, and highlight the relevance of the Rio de la Plata estuary as a barrier and corridor for freshwater fishes in the area.

Multispecies and Watershed Approaches to Freshwater Fish Conservation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Fish Conservation ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Partnership Development ◽  
Freshwater Habitats

<em>Abstract</em>.—Texas harbors 191 species of native freshwater fishes, 48% of which are considered imperiled. The primary cause of fish species imperilment in Texas is anthropogenic alteration of freshwater systems, which continues to occur at rates and scales that threaten the long-term resiliency of freshwater habitats, species, and ecosystems. Innovative conservation approaches are needed to restore and maintain functional watershed processes, restore freshwater habitats, and conserve native species while simultaneously supporting human needs, such as flood control, municipal and agricultural water supply, water quality protection, and water-based recreation. The need for an integrated and holistic approach to conservation of freshwater systems has been the impetus for development of the Texas Native Fish Conservation Areas Network (hereafter “Texas NFCAs Network”). The Texas NFCAs Network consists of springs, ciénegas, creeks, rivers, and associated watersheds uniquely valued in preservation of Texas freshwater fish diversity. Twenty native fish conservation areas have been designated throughout the state. These were selected based on a spatial prioritization focused on identification of freshwater systems critically important to the long-term persistence of 91 freshwater fishes considered species of greatest conservation need. Through a shared vision of collaborative stewardship, conservation partnerships have formed among nongovernmental organizations, universities, and state and federal agencies to plan and deliver actions within the Texas NFCAs Network to restore and preserve native fishes and their habitats. Furthermore, the Texas NFCAs Network has increased awareness of the ecological, recreational, and economic values of Texas freshwater systems and helped increase interest and capacity of local landowners, communities, and recreational users (e.g., paddlers, anglers) to act as advocates and local stewards of these systems. By facilitating partnership development, coordinating broad-based conservation planning, and leveraging technical and financial resources toward strategic conservation investments, the Texas NFCAs Network has served as a catalyst for collaborative, science-based stewardship of native freshwater fishes and their habitats in Texas. The Texas NFCAs Network offers a successful case study in multispecies and watershed approaches to freshwater fish conservation transferrable to other states in the United States, with particular relevance to those states that, similar to Texas, consist predominately of privately owned landscapes.

scholarly journals Freshwater Fish Species of the Oorlogskloof River, Northern Cape Province, South Africa

Our Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
P.P. Ramollo ◽  
M. Schumann ◽  
W.A.J. Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Freshwater Fish Species ◽  
Northern Cape

The freshwater fish of Oorlogskloof River were sampled in March 2010. The study aimed to determine the distribution and relative abundance of freshwater fish in the Oorlogskloof River. A total of 4643individuals represented by five fish species belonging to two families were sampled. The Barbus anoplus was only sampled in the upper reaches of the Oorlogskloof River gorge while endangered Labeobarbus capensis appeared downstream in the Oorlogskloof River. Barbus serra dominated the fish species in the system. The invasion of Tilapia sparmanni in this system was confirmed during the survey andthe species appeared to be widespread throughout the system. At this stage it does not appear to be posing a serious threat to the endangered fish species. The Oorlogskloof River can be considered as a potential refuge site for the conservation of some endemic and threatened freshwater fishes of South Africa.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7746

Corrigenda — standard assumptions for biogeographica analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Nelson ◽  
P Ladiges
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
North American ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
North American Freshwater ◽  
Analytical Protocol ◽  
Spurious Results

Reanalysis of Mayden's data on distribution and relationships of North American freshwater fishes reveals weaknesses of the analytical protocol termed Brooks' Parsimony Analysis (BPA). Standard assumptions 2, 1, and 0 are explored with reference to suites of 3-area statements contained in cladograms of species. Component analysis proved effective for all assumptions for the freshwater fish data whereas BPA yielded results not optimal for any assumption. For Rosen's data on Heterandria and Xiphophoms, component analysis proved effective for assumption 2 whereas results from other methods proved effective for assumptions 1 and 0. Analysis of widespread species indicates that, when they are used to build area cladograms, they cause spurious results. Assumptions 1 and 0 are sensitive to these spurious effects.

Survey for Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene in Fish, Eggs, Milk, and Vegetables

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-561
Author(s):  
George Yip
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Manufacturing Plant ◽  
Fish Eggs ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Saltwater Fish ◽  
Lower Mississippi River ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

Abstract Eighty-four samples (fish, milk, eggs, vegetables) were collected from within a 25 mile radius of 10 perchloroethylene or trichloroethylene manufacturing plant sites and analyzed for hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) by a gas chromatographic method. Residues of HCBD were found mainly in freshwater fish caught in the lower Mississippi River. The levels ranged from 0.01 to 1.2 ppm. Two of the 20 saltwater fish contained residues of 0.01 and 0.02 ppm. No HCBD residues were found in eggs and vegetables. One of 20 milk samples contained 1.32 ppm HCBD.

On the infracommunity structure of adult cestodes in freshwater fishes

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. I. Andersen ◽  
E. T. Valtonen
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Bothnian Bay

The distribution–co-occurrence and exchange of adult cestode species in two fish communities (the Bothnian Bay and Lake Yli-Kitka both in Finland) was studied. Coexistence of two or more mature cestode species in the same fish host population was zero for all fish species studied (33) except pike in the Bothnian Bay and whitefish in the lake. It was found that 60% of the fish species studied in the Bothnian Bay and 80% of the fish species studied from Lake Yli-Kitka harboured only 1 mature cestode species. Exchange of adult cestode species between the different fish species in these two fish communities was found to be as rare as coexistence. The infra-community structure of adult cestodes in freshwater fish thus turned out to be markedly different from what is known to be the situation in birds. The evolutionary explanation behind the differences is discussed.

Standard assumptions for biogeographica analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
G Nelson ◽  
P Ladiges
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
North American ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
North American Freshwater ◽  
Analytical Protocol ◽  
Spurious Results

Reanalysis of Mayden's data on distribution and relationships of North American freshwater fishes reveals weaknesses of the analytical protocol termed Brooks' Parsimony Analysis (BPA). Standard assumptions 2, 1, and 0 are explored with reference to suites of 3-area statements contained in cladograms of species. Component analysis proved effective for all assumptions for the freshwater fish data whereas BPA yielded results not optimal for any assumption. For Rosen's data on Heterandria and Xiphophoms, component analysis proved effective for assumption 2 whereas results from other methods proved effective for assumptions 1 and 0. Analysis of widespread species indicates that, when they are used to build area cladograms, they cause spurious results. Assumptions 1 and 0 are sensitive to these spurious effects.

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