scholarly journals Protocol for the Cultural Translation and Adaptation of the World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonization Project Endometriosis Participant Questionnaire (EPHect)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cise Mis ◽  
Gokcen Kofali ◽  
Bethan Swift ◽  
Pinar Yalcin Bahat ◽  
Gamze Senocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Cultural Translation ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Northern Cyprus ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking

Endometriosis affects 10% of women worldwide and is one of the most common causes of chronic pelvic pain and infertility. However, causal mechanisms of this disease remain unknown due to its heterogeneous presentation. In order to successfully study its phenotypic variation, large sample sizes are needed. Pooling of data across sites is not always feasible given the large variation in the complexity and quality of the data collected. The World Endometriosis Research Foundation (WERF) Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonization Project (EPHect) have developed an endometriosis participant questionnaire (EPQ) to harmonize non-surgical clinical participant characteristic data relevant to endometriosis research, allowing for large-scale collaborations in English-speaking populations. Although the WERF EPHect EPQs have been translated into different languages, no study has examined the cross-cultural translation and adaptation for content and face validity. In order to investigate this, we followed the standard guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation and translation of the minimum version of the EPQ (EPQ-M) using 40 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in Turkey and 40 women in Northern Cyprus, aged between 18 and 55. We assessed the consistency by using cognitive testing and found the EPHect EPQ-M to be comprehensive, informative, and feasible in these two Turkish-speaking populations. The translated and adapted questionnaire was found to be epidemiologically robust, taking around 30–60 min to complete; furthermore, participants reported a similar understanding of the questions, showing that common perspectives were explored. Results from the cognitive testing process led to minor additions to some items such as further descriptive and/or visuals in order to clarify medical terminology. This paper illustrates the first successful cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the EPHect EPQ-M and should act as a tool to allow for further studies that wish to use this questionnaire in different languages. Standardized tools like this should be adopted by researchers worldwide to facilitate collaboration and aid in the design and conduction of global studies to ultimately help those affected by endometriosis and its associated symptoms.

Improving Attendance and Patient Experiences During the Expansion of a Telehealth-Based Pediatric Otolaryngology Practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982096591
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Kolb ◽  
Kristen Born ◽  
Karen Banker ◽  
Patrick C. Barth ◽  
Nicole Leigh Aaronson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Missed Appointments ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Otolaryngology ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
English Speaking

Objective To determine the rates and primary causes of missed appointments (MAs) for telehealth visits and present remedies for improvement. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted at a tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology practice during expansion of telehealth-based visits. A review of questionnaire responses was performed for 103 consecutive patients with MAs over 50 business days from March 20, 2020, to May 29, 2020. Families were asked a brief survey regarding the cause of the MA and assisted with technical support and rescheduling. MA rates and causes were analyzed. Results The overall MA rate during the initiation of telehealth services was significantly increased at 12.4% as compared with clinic-based visits of a similar duration before COVID of 5.2% ( P < .001). Technical issues were the most common causes of MAs (51.3%). Of the caregivers, 23.8% forgot or reported cancellation of the appointment. Five percent of patients were non–English speaking and scheduled without translator support. Minorities and patients with public insurance represented 53.6% and 61.9% of MAs, respectively. Discussion Technical difficulties were the most commonly reported cause of missed telehealth appointments. Optimization of applications by providing patient reminders, determining need for translator assistance, and reducing required upload/download speeds may significantly reduce rates of MAs and conversions to other communication. Implications for Practice Clear, concise education materials on the technical aspects of telehealth, platform optimization, and robust technical and administrative support may be necessary to reduced missed telehealth appointments and support large-scale telehealth operations. An assessment of institutional capacity is critical when considering telehealth expansion.

“Stay and Starve, Or Go and Prosper!” Juvenile Emigration from Great Britain in the Nineteenth Century

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-166
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
South America ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Equable Climate ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

The nineteenth century saw the beginning of large-scale migration of population from western Europe to various countries of the world. North and South America had proven hospitable in previous centuries and the southern tip of Africa presented an equable climate as well as strategic location. The islands of the southern seas reached by Cook and Van Diemen proved equally attractive if more remote. In retrospect it seems inevitable that, with the exception of South America, they were bound to be English-speaking. Even South America had its British farming colonists at one stage. In 1826 just under two hundred Highland Scots embarked for Topo in the highlands of Colombia (United Kingdom, 1827). Significantly, one hundred and two of them were under fourteen years of age.

Eberhard Jüngel: God as the Mystery of the World. On the Foundation of the Theology of the Crucified One in the Dispute Between Theism and Atheism

1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-556
Author(s):  
J. B. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Doctrine Of God ◽  
Complex Argument ◽  
Single Argument ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World

Eberhard jüngel'S reputation as a severely professional systematic and philosophical theologian is beginning to drift across to the English speaking world. His Gott ah Geheimnis der Welt, which first appeared in 1976 and whose third edition is here translated by Darrell L. Guder, is a curious book. It is perhaps best read not so much as a single argument but as a series of studies which at important points overlap or converge. It is a remarkably wide-ranging book: indeed, so wideranging that the argument becomes frustratingly difficult to get hold of in its entirety. Jü ngel writes illuminatingly about a variety of philosophical and theological traditions, and does so in order to advance some large-scale proposals about how a contemporary Christian doctrine of God ought to be pursued. And yet at the end of the book, even the reader who has put in the demanding work of mastering Jüngel's complex argument is left with an odd feeling of dissatisfaction, as if the book somehow lacks a recognisable, sustained treatment of its central theme.

The World Economy

2008 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Banking System ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Mortgage Defaults

A financial crisis, rooted in US mortgage defaults, has been building for several years. Its effects have seriously damaged the prospects for the global economy, and have particularly serious consequences for the English speaking world. Unsound lending permitted by poor regulation and worsened by lax bankruptcy laws has led the US, and potentially the rest of the OECD, to the brink of a large-scale recession. The scale of the potential slowdown depends upon the scale of losses to the banking system and their impacts on the ability of the banking system to lend.

Healing as a Missiological Challenge

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Christoffer Grundmann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Charismatic Movement ◽  
African Independent Churches ◽  
Healing Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent Churches ◽  
Traditional Societies

AbstractThe formal approbation of the study project "The Church as a Healing Community" by I.A.M.S. Executive Committee (see: Mission Studies No. 5, Vol. III-1, 1986, p. 77) sets the scene for missiologists to embark upon the whole issue of healing on a large scale. It is hoped that by tapping the resources of the international, ecumenical and cross-cultural membership of the association the long felt need can be met to adequately respond to the challenge healing puts before us not only by the new religious movements all over the world and by the traditional societies, but also by the African Independent Churches and the charismatic movement within the established churches. There do exist monographs on several aspects of healing from nearly all over the world of course. But mostly they are concerned with a particular technique or with the health system and healing methods of a certain ethnic group. When it comes to missiology the phenomenon of healing outside the Christian fold often is looked at as something demoniac which as such has to be refused for the sake of the gospel. The only more recent missiological thesis I came across so far addressing the issue in a broader sense is Harold E. Dollar's "A Cross-Cultural Theology of Healing" (1980, Fuller) which actually tries to develop a cross-cultural liturgy or model of healing instead of a theology. This article tries to identify some of the most relevant issues any qualified study of the matter in question has to pay attention to.

Translating Happiness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lomas
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Different Cultures

This book presents an innovative new approach to the study of wellbeing, intersecting psychology, linguistics, and cross-cultural scholarship. It begins by introducing a cartographic theory of language, proposing that words enable us to map our world, and thus to understand and navigate our lives. However, different cultures map the world in different ways, generating so-called untranslatable words (i.e., which lack an equivalent in another language – in this case, English). Their significance is that they point to aspects of life that have hitherto been overlooked or undervalued in English-speaking cultures. By exploring such words, we can therefore refine our maps, developing a more nuanced appreciation of the world. This book deploys this process with respect to wellbeing specifically, bringing its hidden dimensions to light. Moreover, it argues that this process may not only enhance our understanding of wellbeing, but also our experience of it, empowering us to identify phenomena that had previously been only dimly perceived, and even to discover new dimensions of existence we had not realised were there. These possibilities are brought to life through a tour of 400 or so words, sourced from nearly 80 languages. These terms are analysed thematically, arranged into three overarching meta-categories – feelings, relationships, and personal development – which together constitute a comprehensive new theory of wellbeing. The book concludes by outlining an ambitious research agenda that will fully allow the promise of these untranslatable words, and the theory outlined here, to be realised.

Translation and Cultural Adaptation of NIH Toolbox Cognitive Tests into Swahili and Dholuo Languages for Use in Children in Western Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Megan M. Duffey ◽  
David Ayuku ◽  
George Ayodo ◽  
Emily Abuonji ◽  
Mark Nyalumbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Cognitive Interviews ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Translation And Cultural Adaptation

Abstract Objectives: Performing high-quality and reliable cognitive testing requires significant resources and training. As a result, large-scale studies involving cognitive testing are difficult to perform in low- and middle-income settings, limiting access to critical knowledge to improve academic achievement and economic production in these populations. The NIH Toolbox® is a collection of cognitive, motor, sensory, and emotional tests that can be administered and scored using an iPad® tablet, reducing the need for training and quality monitoring; and thus, it is a potential solution to this problem. Methods: We describe our process for translation and cultural adaptation of the existing NIH Toolbox tests of fluid cognition into the Swahili and Dholuo languages for use in children aged 3–14 years in western Kenya. Through serial forward and back translations, cognitive interviews, group consensus, outside feedback, and support from the NIH Toolbox team, we produced translated tests that have both face validity and linguistic validation. Results: During our cognitive interviews, we found that the five chosen tests (one each of attention, cognitive flexibility, working memory, episodic memory, and processing speed) were generally well understood by children aged 7–14 years in our chosen populations. The cognitive interviews informed alterations in translation as well as slight changes in some images to culturally adapt the tests. Conclusions: This study describes the process by which we translated five fluid cognition tests from the NIH Toolbox into the Swahili and Dholuo languages. The finished testing application will be available for future studies, including a pilot study for assessment of psychometric properties.

Commodities

Anthropology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Patico
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Ethical Consumption ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Cultural Encounter ◽  
The World

The anthropology of commodities has a significant history, although it has picked up pace and intensity since the 1980s. Commodities generally are understood as goods that are subject to market exchange; yet anthropologists also have expanded, problematized, and relativized this definition. The anthropological study of commodities often is framed in terms of research on consumption or consumer culture; it is also linked with studies of globalization, cross-cultural encounter, and large-scale economic transformation. Scholarship stretches across disciplinary and subdisciplinary boundaries, impacting and impacted by developments in economics, political economy, cultural studies, sociology, and geography as well as sociocultural anthropology, archaeology, economic anthropology, and linguistic anthropology. This article centers on theoretical and ethnographic perspectives from sociocultural anthropology. However, certain key texts from beyond the discipline are included, particularly when their impact on anthropological analysis has been significant and ongoing. While the study of commodities goes back at least as far as Adam Smith, Karl Marx (b. 1818–d. 1883) was an early and continuing influence on anthropological understandings and definitions of the commodity. Early-to-mid-20th-century anthropologists typically described economies that were not centered around commodity exchange but involved other modes of exchange closely tied with kinship, cosmology, and ritual; commodities were conceptualized mainly, implicitly or explicitly, in the effort to define these other forms of exchange by contrast. In the 1980s–2000s, these frameworks were revisited as anthropologists presented new theories of exchange and value. Meanwhile, in the 1980s, some anthropologists incorporated Marx’s materialism, paying close attention to long-term histories of colonization and capitalist expansion. Such work helped opened the door to a new generation of studies that focused on the trade and consumption of commodities as integral to the processes of cross-cultural encounter, cultural change, and capitalist “modernization” happening around the world. By the 1990s, the conversation had shifted for many anthropologists to the study of globalization: How had sped-up production and new communications technologies impacted cultures? How did commodities and commodity images, circulated transnationally, serve as vehicles of cultural expression or transformation? In the 21st century, anthropologists are investigating the social and political as well as economic arrangements associated with neoliberalism through attention not only to commodity consumption, but more broadly to commodification—of emotional labor, reproductive capacity, or linguistic ability, for example—as an increasingly salient aspect of contemporary life. Attention also has turned to how efforts toward “ethical consumption” are reshaping consumerism around the world—not necessarily with the intended political and environmental consequences.

From Color Naming to a Language Space: An Analysis of Data from the World Color Survey

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bimler
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Consensus ◽  
Quantitative Index ◽  
Stimulus Set ◽  
Color Categories ◽  
The World ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Linguistic Evolution

AbstractThe World Color Survey was a large-scale cross-cultural experiment in which informants used the color lexicons of 110 non-written languages to label a standard set of stimuli. Here those data are explored with a novel analysis which focuses on the averaged location of boundaries within the stimulus set, revealing the system of color categories native to each language. A quantitative index of inter-language similarity was defined, comparing these average boundaries. Analyzing the similarities among color-naming patterns led to a 'language space', in which languages are grouped into clusters according to linguistic families (i.e., descent from common ancestors). This implies that each language's departures from the cross-cultural consensus about color categories are systematic (non-random). Given the non-unanimity about the color lexicon within languages, the persistence of these language families across the course of linguistic evolution is paradoxical.

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