scholarly journals Identification of the Immunological Changes Appearing in the CSF During the Early Immunosenescence Process Occurring in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Picón ◽  
Amalia Tejeda-Velarde ◽  
José Ignacio Fernández-Velasco ◽  
Manuel Comabella ◽  
Roberto Álvarez-Lafuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Csf Levels ◽  
Patients Experience

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) suffer with age an early immunosenescence process, which influence the treatment response and increase the risk of infections. We explored whether lipid-specific oligoclonal IgM bands (LS-OCMB) associated with highly inflammatory MS modify the immunological profile induced by age in MS. This cross-sectional study included 263 MS patients who were classified according to the presence (M+, n=72) and absence (M-, n=191) of LS-OCMB. CSF cellular subsets and molecules implicated in immunosenescence were explored. In M- patients, aging induced remarkable decreases in absolute CSF counts of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, including Th1 and Th17 cells, and of B cells, including those secreting TNF-alpha. It also increased serum anti-CMV IgG antibody titers (indicative of immunosenescence) and CSF CHI3L1 levels (related to astrocyte activation). In contrast, M+ patients showed an age-associated increase of TIM-3 (a biomarker of T cell exhaustion) and increased values of CHI3L1, independently of age. Finally, in both groups, age induced an increase in CSF levels of PD-L1 (an inductor of T cell tolerance) and activin A (part of the senescence-associated secretome and related to inflammaging). These changes were independent of the disease duration. Finally, this resulted in augmented disability. In summary, all MS patients experience with age a modest induction of T-cell tolerance and an activation of the innate immunity, resulting in increased disability. Additionally, M- patients show clear decreases in CSF lymphocyte numbers, which could increase the risk of infections. Thus, age and immunological status are important for tailoring effective therapies in MS.

Osteopontin concentrations are increased in cerebrospinal fluid during attacks of multiple sclerosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Börnsen ◽  
Mohsen Khademi ◽  
Tomas Olsson ◽  
Per Soelberg Sørensen ◽  
Finn Sellebjerg
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Csf Levels

Background:The cytokine osteopontin (OPN) is a potential key player in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and a candidate biomarker for disease activity. Objective:The objective of this study was to examine concentrations of OPN in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) across the clinical spectrum of MS. Methods:Our research consisted of a cross-sectional study of patients from two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Concentrations of OPN and other blood and CSF markers were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples were obtained from untreated patients with exacerbation of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) ( n = 25) and relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) ( n = 41) of whom 48 participated in clinical trials, randomly allocated to treatment with placebo or methylprednisolone (MP) and undergoing repeated sampling after 3 weeks. Furthermore, we obtained CSF and blood samples from patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS, n = 9), secondary progressive MS (SPMS, n = 28) and other neurological disorders (OND, n = 44), and blood samples from 24 healthy subjects. Results:OPN concentrations were significantly increased in the CSF of patients with CIS ( p = 0.02) and RRMS ( p < 0.001) in exacerbation compared to patients with OND, and increased levels of OPN were associated with high values of other biomarkers of inflammation. At 3-week follow-up CSF OPN concentrations had decreased significantly from baseline regardless treatment with placebo or MP. Patients with PPMS had increased OPN levels in the CSF ( p = 0.004) and high CSF levels of OPN were associated with high degrees of disability. Conclusions:OPN concentration in the CSF is a dynamic indicator of disease activity in RRMS, presumably reflecting ongoing inflammation. Increased CSF OPN concentrations in PPMS may indicate ongoing inflammation even in these patients.

A novel nanoparticle containing MOG peptide with BTLA induces T cell tolerance and prevents multiple sclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bangqing Yuan ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Fenlan Fu ◽  
Yongping Liu ◽  
Chuangan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance

scholarly journals Association of the Serum Levels of the Nucleocapsid Antigen of SARS-CoV-2 With the Diagnosis, Disease Severity, and Antibody Titers in Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rin Yokoyama ◽  
Makoto Kurano ◽  
Yuki Nakano ◽  
Yoshifumi Morita ◽  
Hiroko Ohmiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Antibody Titers

Background: Several types of laboratory tests for COVID-19 have been established to date; however, the clinical significance of the serum SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) antigen levels remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we attempted to elucidate the usefulness and clinical significance of the serum N antigen levels.Methods: We measured the serum N antigen levels in 391 serum samples collected from symptomatic patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and 96 serum samples collected from patients with non-COVID-19, using a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer.Results: Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified the optimal cutoff value of the serum N antigen level (cutoff index, based on Youden’s index) as 0.255, which yielded a sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of COVID-19 of 91.0 and 81.3%, respectively. The serum N antigen levels were significantly higher in the patient groups with moderate and severe COVID-19 than with mild disease. Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between the serum N antigen levels and the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers, especially in patients with severe COVID-19.Conclusion: Serum N antigen testing might be useful both for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and for obtaining a better understanding of the clinical features of the disease.

Mechanisms of central and peripehral T-cell tolerance: lessons from experimental models of multiple sclerosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Anderton ◽  
Christoph Burkhart ◽  
Barbara Metzler ◽  
David Wraith
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance

scholarly journals Association between serum IgG antibody titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis and liver enzyme levels: A cross-sectional study in Sado Island

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e05531
Author(s):  
Kei Takamisawa ◽  
Noriko Sugita ◽  
Shigeki Komatsu ◽  
Minako Wakasugi ◽  
Akio Yokoseki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Antibody Titers

Long-lasting T cell tolerance induced by chronic injections of peptide in TCR transgenic mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
N Bercovici
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance

Molecular mimicry rather than identity breaks T cell tolerance in a mouse model for autoimmune hepatitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ehser ◽  
M Holdener ◽  
E Hintermann ◽  
U Christen
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Molecular Mimicry ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance

CD8+ T cell tolerance induced by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells depends on ICOS/ICOSL interactions

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Diehl ◽  
G Wingender ◽  
A Hutloff ◽  
R Kroczek ◽  
S Porcelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance ◽  
Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells

Brief Overview and Experience of Visual Evoked Potential of First 67 cases at Referral Neuroscience Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
Bithi Debnath ◽  
AFM Al Masum Khan ◽  
Md Ferdous Mian ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Visual Evoked

Background: The visual evoked potentials (VEP) is a valuable tool to document occult lesions of the central visual channels especially within the optic nerve. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to observe the findings of first few cases of VEP done in the neurophysiology department of the National Institute of Neurosciences (NINS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurophysiology at the National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September 2017 to March 2020. All patients referred to the Neurophysiology Department of NINS for VEP were included. Pattern reversal VEPs were done using standard protocol set by International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN). Results: The mean age of the study population was 30.70 (±12.11) years (6-68 years) with 31 (46.3%) male and 36 (53.7%) female patients. The mean duration of illness was 8.71 (±1.78) months (3 days- 120 months). Most common presenting symptom was blurring of vision (37.3%) and dimness of vision (32.8%). Patterned VEP revealed mixed type (both demyelinating and axonal) of abnormality in most cases [29(43.35)]. The most common clinical diagnosis was multiple sclerosis (29.85%) and optic neuropathy (26.87%). In the clinically suspected cases of multiple sclerosis, optic neuropathy and optic neuritis most of the cases of VEP were abnormal and the p value is 0.04 in optic neuropathy and optic neuritis. Conclusion: The commonest presentation of the patients in this series were blurring of vision and dimness of vision. The most common clinical diagnosis for which VEP was asked for, was optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. Most abnormalities were of mixed pattern (demyelinating and axonal). Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 74-77

Immunosuppressive PLGA TGF-ß1 Microparticles Induce Antigen-Specific T-Cell Tolerance for Enhancing Islet Transplantation Outcomes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 31-OR
Author(s):  
YING LI ◽  
ANTHONY FREI ◽  
STEVEN D. BARASH ◽  
CHERIE L. STABLER
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
T Cell Tolerance ◽  
Cell Tolerance ◽  
Transplantation Outcomes
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