scholarly journals Prenatal Maternal Stress Exacerbates Experimental Colitis of Offspring in Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Sun ◽  
Runxiang Xie ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
Ge Jin ◽  
Bingqian Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Prenatal Maternal Stress ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Mucosal Barrier Function

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide and correlates with dysregulated immune response because of gut microbiota dysbiosis. Some adverse early life events influence the establishment of the gut microbiota and act as risk factors for IBD. Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) induces gut dysbiosis and perturbs the neuroimmune network of offspring. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether PNMS increases the susceptibility of offspring to colitis in adulthood. The related index was assessed during the weaning period and adulthood. We found that PNMS impaired the intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, goblet cell and Paneth cell differentiation, and mucosal barrier function in 3-week-old offspring. PNMS induced low-grade intestinal inflammation, but no signs of microscopic inflammatory changes were observed. Although there was no pronounced difference between the PNMS and control offspring in terms of their overall measures of alpha diversity for the gut microbiota, distinct microbial community changes characterized by increases in Desulfovibrio, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus and decreases in Bifidobacterium and Blautia were induced in the 3-week-old PNMS offspring. Notably, the overgrowth of Desulfovibrio persisted from the weaning period to adulthood, consistent with the results observed using fluorescence in situ hybridization in the colon mucosa. Mechanistically, the fecal microbiota transplantation experiment showed that the gut microbiota from the PNMS group impaired the intestinal barrier function and induced low-grade inflammation. The fecal bacterial solution from the PNMS group was more potent than that from the control group in inducing inflammation and gut barrier disruption in CaCo-2 cells. After treatment with a TNF-α inhibitor (adalimumab), no statistical difference in the indicators of inflammation and intestinal barrier function was observed between the two groups. Finally, exposure to PNMS remarkably increased the values of the histopathological parameters and the inflammatory cytokine production in a mouse model of experimental colitis in adulthood. These findings suggest that PNMS can inhibit intestinal development, impair the barrier function, and cause gut dysbiosis characterized by the persistent overgrowth of Desulfovibrio in the offspring, resulting in exacerbated experimental colitis in adulthood.

scholarly journals Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function Restoration in Mice by Maize Diet Containing Enriched Flavan-4-Ols

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binning Wu ◽  
Rohil Bhatnagar ◽  
Vijaya V. Indukuri ◽  
Shara Chopra ◽  
Kylie March ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Function ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Colonic Inflammation ◽  
Mucosal Barrier Function ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Histology Score

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic intestinal inflammatory condition, awaits safe and effective preventive strategies. Naturally occurring flavonoid compounds are promising therapeutic candidates against IBD due to their great antioxidant potential and ability to reduce inflammation and improve immune signaling mediators in the gut. In this study, we utilized two maize near-isogenic lines flavan-4-ols-containing P1-rr (F+) and flavan-4-ols-lacking p1-ww (F−) to investigate the anti-inflammatory property of flavan-4-ols against carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-induced low-grade colonic inflammation. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to either 1% CMC (w/v) or water for a total of 15 weeks. After week six, mice on CMC treatment were divided into four groups. One group continued on the control diet. The second and third groups were supplemented with F+ at 15% or 25% (w/w). The fourth group received diet supplemented with F− at 15%. Here we report that mice consuming F+(15) and F+(25) alleviated CMC-induced increase in epididymal fat-pad, colon histology score, pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 expression and intestinal permeability compared to mice fed with control diet and F−(15). F+(15) and F+(25) significantly enhanced mucus thickness in CMC exposed mice (p < 0.05). These data collectively demonstrated the protective effect of flavan-4-ol against colonic inflammation by restoring intestinal barrier function and provide a rationale to breed for flavan-4-ols enriched cultivars for better dietary benefits.

scholarly journals Exosomal MicroRNA-181a Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Gut Microbiota Composition, Barrier Function, and Inflammatory Status in an Experimental Colitis Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Gu ◽  
Feng Ren ◽  
Xianrui Fang ◽  
Lianwen Yuan ◽  
Ganglei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Exosomal Microrna ◽  
Colitis Model

Background: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exos) are recently proved to be a promising candidate for ulcerative colitis (UC), but the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the effects of MSC-derived exosomal microRNA-181a (miR-181a) on gut microbiota, immune responses, and intestinal barrier function in UC.Methods: Human bone marrow MSC-derived Exos were extracted and identified via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), and Western blotting. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human colonic epithelial cell (HCOEPIC) model were established to determine the effect of MSC-Exos on gut microbiota, immune responses, and intestinal barrier function in vivo and in vitro. The relationship between miR-181a and UC was analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. MSC-miR-181-inhibitor was used to reveal the role of exosomal miR-181a in DSS-induced colitis.Results: TEM and NTA results showed that Exos of a diameter of about 100 nm with the round and oval vesicle-like structure were successfully extracted. The expressions of the CD63, CD81, and TSG101 proteins were positive in these Exos. After MSC-Exo treatment, the colon length in colitis mice increased; colon inflammatory injury decreased; TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, and IL-18 levels decreased; and Claudin-1, ZO-1, and IκB levels increased. In addition, the structure of the gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice was changed by MSC-Exos. MSC-Exos showed antiapoptotic effects on LPS-induced HCOEPIC. The protective effects decreased significantly by treatment with MSC-Exos interfered with miR-181a inhibitor in vivo and in vitro.Conclusion: MSC-derived exosomal miR-181a could alleviate experimental colitis by promoting intestinal barrier function. It exerted anti-inflammatory function and affected the gut microbiota. This indicated that MSC exosomal miR-181a may exhibit potential as a disease-modifying drug for UC.

Modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function during alleviation of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with Rhizoma Zingiber officinale (Ginger) extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 10839-10851
Author(s):  
Zhi-jie Ma ◽  
Huan-jun Wang ◽  
Xiao-jing Ma ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Hong-jun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea

Ginger extract showed beneficial effects on rats with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and the underlying mechanism might be associated with the recovery of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Fibres on Acute Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability in the Elderly: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
John-Peter Ganda Mall ◽  
Frida Fart ◽  
Julia A. Sabet ◽  
Carl Mårten Lindqvist ◽  
Ragnhild Nestestog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Dietary Fibres ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The effect of dietary fibres on intestinal barrier function has not been well studied, especially in the elderly. We aimed to investigate the potential of the dietary fibres oat β-glucan and wheat arabinoxylan to strengthen the intestinal barrier function and counteract acute non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin)-induced hyperpermeability in the elderly. A general population of elderly subjects (≥65 years, n = 49) was randomised to a daily supplementation (12g/day) of oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan or placebo (maltodextrin) for six weeks. The primary outcome was change in acute indomethacin-induced intestinal permeability from baseline, assessed by an in vivo multi-sugar permeability test. Secondary outcomes were changes from baseline in: gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammatory status and self-reported health. Despite a majority of the study population (85%) showing a habitual fibre intake below the recommendation, no significant effects on acute indomethacin-induced intestinal hyperpermeability in vivo or gut microbiota composition were observed after six weeks intervention with either dietary fibre, compared to placebo.

scholarly journals Icariin enhances intestinal barrier function by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathways and modulating gut microbiota in a piglet model

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (65) ◽  
pp. 37947-37956
Author(s):  
Wen Xiong ◽  
Haoyue Ma ◽  
Zhu Zhang ◽  
Meilan Jin ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

This study investigated the effects of icariin on intestinal barrier function and its underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Macrophage Deficiency Makes Intestinal Epithelial Cells Susceptible to NSAID-Induced Damage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Jiayang Wang ◽  
Tianyu Xie ◽  
Shuo Li ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Mucosal Barrier Function

Objectives. In Crohn’s disease (CD), the mechanisms underlying the regulation by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) of mucosal barrier function in the ileum are unclear. We analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation by GM-CSF of the mucosal barrier function. Methods. We examined the role of GM-CSF in the intestinal barrier function in CD at the molecular-, cellular-, and animal-model levels. Results. Macrophages directly secreted GM-CSF, promoting intestinal epithelial proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis, which maintained intestinal barrier function. Macrophages were absent in NSAID-induced ileitis, causing GM-CSF deficiency, increasing the apoptosis rate, decreasing the proliferation rate, increasing inter- and paracellular permeabilities, decreasing the TJP levels, and reducing the numbers of mesenteric lymph nodes, memory T cells, and regulatory T cells in Csf1op/op transgenic mice. Conclusions. GM-CSF is required for the maintenance of intestinal barrier function. Macrophages directly secrete GM-CSF, promoting intestinal epithelial proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis.

Citrus nobiletin ameliorates experimental colitis by reducing inflammation and restoring impaired intestinal barrier function

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjian Xiong ◽  
Dapeng Chen ◽  
Changchun Yu ◽  
Bochao Lv ◽  
Jinyong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function
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