scholarly journals Test–Retest Reliability of the Assessment of Fatty Liver Disease Using Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Cardiac Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Hokkanen ◽  
Hanna Hämäläinen ◽  
Tiina M. Laitinen ◽  
Tomi P. Laitinen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disorder that is associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, its prevalence is high in patients with coronary artery disease. In myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans are used for attenuation correction in separate stress and rest studies. Here, the test–retest reliability of CT-based quantification of NAFLD was evaluated using these two CT scans. The study population consisted of 261 patients (156 men and 105 women, age 66 ± 10 years). Quantification of liver fat content was based on the radiodensity of the liver in Hounsfield units as well as in relation to corresponding values of the spleen. NAFLD was observed in 47 subjects (18%). CT quantification has good test–retest reliability in assessing NAFLD, with concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) ranging from 0.512 to 0.923, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ranging from 0.513 to 0.923, and coefficient of variation ranging from 3.1 to 7.0%. Regarding the liver to spleen ratio, CCC for non-NAFLD patients and NAFLD patients was 0.552 and 0.911, respectively. For non-NAFLD patients ICC was 0.553 and NAFLD patients it was 0.913. The coefficient of variation for non-NAFLD and NAFLD patients was 4.9% and 3.1%, respectively. Our results suggest that low-dose CT is a feasible and well repeatable method but amount of liver fat contributes to repeatability. In NAFLD patients CCC and ICC were high reflecting excellent reliability, whereas in non-NAFLD patients test-retest reliability was moderate. Assessment of liver fat content can be used as additional information in studies where a CT scan has been done for other medical reasons, such as for low-dose attenuation correction CT along with MPI.

scholarly journals Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Alessandro Mantovani ◽  
Graziana Petracca ◽  
Alessandro Csermely ◽  
Giorgia Beatrice ◽  
Giovanni Targher
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) tested the efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors to specifically treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We systematically searched three electronic databases (up to 31 October 2020) for identifying placebo-controlled or head-to-head RCTs that used SGLT-2 inhibitors for treatment of NAFLD. No published RCTs with paired liver biopsy data were available for the meta-analysis. Primary outcome measures were changes in serum liver enzyme levels and liver fat content on imaging techniques. Overall, we included a total of twelve RCTs testing the efficacy of dapagliflozin (n = six RCTs), empagliflozin (n = three RCTs), ipragliflozin (n = two RCTs) or canagliflozin (n = one RCT) to specifically treat NAFLD for a median period of 24 weeks with aggregate data on 850 middle-aged overweight or obese individuals with NAFLD (90% with type 2 diabetes). Compared to placebo/reference therapy, treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (weighted mean differences (WMD): −10.0 IU/L, 95%CI −12.2 to −7.79 IU/L; I2 = 10.5%) and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels (WMD: −14.49 IU/L, 95%CI −19.35 to −9.63 IU/L, I2 = 38.7%), as well as the absolute percentage of liver fat content on magnetic resonance-based techniques (WMD: −2.05%, 95%CI −2.61 to −1.48%; I2 = 0%). In conclusion, SGLT-2 inhibitors seem to be a promising treatment option for NAFLD.

Effects and Safety of Sitagliptin in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (07) ◽  
pp. 517-526
Author(s):  
Yuhan Zhang ◽  
Tian Cai ◽  
Junyu Zhao ◽  
Congcong Guo ◽  
Jinming Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease. However, the treatment is limited. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects and safety of sitagliptin, a selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4I), in treating NAFLD. Studies were sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, CENTRAL (Cochrane Controlled Trials Register), Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, and CNKI to identify all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs in adult patients with NAFLD. Key outcomes were changes in serum levels of liver enzymes and improvement in hepatic histology and fat content measured by imaging or liver biopsy. Stata14.0 and RevMan5.3 were used for the meta-analysis. Seven studies with 269 NAFLD patients were included. Compared to the control group, sitagliptin treatment improved serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels in the RCT subgroup (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.01–1.58). However, there was no significant improvement in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels following sitagliptin treatment. Four of the included studies performed liver imaging, but sitagliptin treatment did not result in a significant reduction in liver fat content. Only five participants developed sitagliptin-related gastrointestinal discomfort. Our study suggests that sitagliptin effects individuals with NAFLD by improving serum GGT. Although sitagliptin is safe and well tolerated in NAFLD patients, it exerts no beneficial effects on liver transaminase and liver fat content in these patients.

scholarly journals Thyroid function and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in hyperthyroidism patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bairong Wang ◽  
Baomin Wang ◽  
Yumei Yang ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Mengyang Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Although thyroid function has been demonstrated to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in different population, the prevalence and features of NAFLD in hyperthyroidism have not been reported. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD and association of thyroid function and NAFLD in hyperthyroidism patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China. A total 117 patients with hyperthyroidism were consecutively recruited from 2014 to 2015. Thyroid function and other clinical features were measured, liver fat content was measured by color Doppler ultrasonically, NAFLD was defined in patients with liver fat content more than 9.15%. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software package version 13.0. Results The prevalence of NAFLD was 11.97% in hyperthyroidism. Patient with NAFLD had lower free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels than patients without NAFLD (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age, gender, metabolic parameters and inflammation factors, higher FT3 were associated with lower liver fat content (β = − 0.072, P = 0.009) and decreased odds ratio of NAFLD (OR = 0.267, 95%CI 0.087–0.817, P = 0.021). Conclusions FT3 level was negatively associated with the liver fat content in this population. These results may provide new evidence in the role of thyroid hormone on the regulation of liver fat content and NAFLD.

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