scholarly journals Proteomics Analysis Reveals Bacterial Antibiotics Resistance Mechanism Mediated by ahslyA Against Enoxacin in Aeromonas hydrophila

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Lishan Zhang ◽  
Qingli Song ◽  
Guibin Wang ◽  
Wenxiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Proteomics Data ◽  
Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance

Bacterial antibiotic resistance is a serious global problem; the underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely elusive. The earlier reports states that the vital role of transcriptional regulators (TRs) in bacterial antibiotic resistance. Therefore, we have investigated the role of TRs on enoxacin (ENX) resistance in Aeromonas hydrophila in this study. A label-free quantitative proteomics method was utilized to compare the protein profiles of the ahslyA knockout and wild-type A. hydrophila strains under ENX stress. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the deletion of ahslyA triggers the up-regulated expression of some vital antibiotic resistance proteins in A. hydrophila upon ENX stress and thereby reduce the pressure by preventing the activation of SOS repair system. Moreover, ahslyA directly or indirectly induced at least 11 TRs, which indicates a complicated regulatory network under ENX stress. We also deleted six selected genes in A. hydrophila that altered in proteomics data in order to evaluate their roles in ENX stress. Our results showed that genes such as AHA_0655, narQ, AHA_3721, AHA_2114, and AHA_1239 are regulated by ahslyA and may be involved in ENX resistance. Overall, our data demonstrated the important role of ahslyA in ENX resistance and provided novel insights into the effects of transcriptional regulation on antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

scholarly journals Black Queen Evolution and Trophic Interactions Determine Plasmid Survival after the Disruption of the Conjugation Network

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Cairns ◽  
Katariina Koskinen ◽  
Reetta Penttinen ◽  
Tommi Patinen ◽  
Anna Hartikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Genetic Elements

ABSTRACTMobile genetic elements such as conjugative plasmids are responsible for antibiotic resistance phenotypes in many bacterial pathogens. The ability to conjugate, the presence of antibiotics, and ecological interactions all have a notable role in the persistence of plasmids in bacterial populations. Here, we set out to investigate the contribution of these factors when the conjugation network was disturbed by a plasmid-dependent bacteriophage. Phage alone effectively caused the population to lose plasmids, thus rendering them susceptible to antibiotics. Leakiness of the antibiotic resistance mechanism allowing Black Queen evolution (i.e. a “race to the bottom”) was a more significant factor than the antibiotic concentration (lethal vs sublethal) in determining plasmid prevalence. Interestingly, plasmid loss was also prevented by protozoan predation. These results show that outcomes of attempts to resensitize bacterial communities by disrupting the conjugation network are highly dependent on ecological factors and resistance mechanisms.IMPORTANCEBacterial antibiotic resistance is often a part of mobile genetic elements that move from one bacterium to another. By interfering with the horizontal movement and the maintenance of these elements, it is possible to remove the resistance from the population. Here, we show that a so-called plasmid-dependent bacteriophage causes the initially resistant bacterial population to become susceptible to antibiotics. However, this effect is efficiently countered when the system also contains a predator that feeds on bacteria. Moreover, when the environment contains antibiotics, the survival of resistance is dependent on the resistance mechanism. When bacteria can help their contemporaries to degrade antibiotics, resistance is maintained by only a fraction of the community. On the other hand, when bacteria cannot help others, then all bacteria remain resistant. The concentration of the antibiotic played a less notable role than the antibiotic used. This report shows that the survival of antibiotic resistance in bacterial communities represents a complex process where many factors present in real-life systems define whether or not resistance is actually lost.

The central role of the SOS DNA repair system in antibiotics resistance: A new target for a new infectious treatment strategy

Life Sciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 118562
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yousef Memar ◽  
Mina Yekani ◽  
Giuseppe Celenza ◽  
Vahdat Poortahmasebi ◽  
Behrooz Naghili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Repair System

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains with Increased Mutation Frequency Due to Inactivation of the DNA Oxidative Repair System

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 2483-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Mandsberg ◽  
O. Ciofu ◽  
N. Kirkby ◽  
L. E. Christiansen ◽  
H. E. Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Repair System ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Development Of Resistance

ABSTRACT The chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is characterized by the biofilm mode of growth and chronic inflammation dominated by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). A high percentage of P. aeruginosa strains show high frequencies of mutations (hypermutators [HP]). P. aeruginosa is exposed to oxygen radicals, both those generated by its own metabolism and especially those released by a large number of PMNs in response to the chronic CF lung infection. Our work therefore focused on the role of the DNA oxidative repair system in the development of HP and antibiotic resistance. We have constructed and characterized mutT, mutY, and mutM mutants in P. aeruginosa strain PAO1. The mutT and mutY mutants showed 28- and 7.5-fold increases in mutation frequencies, respectively, over that for PAO1. These mutators had more oxidative DNA damage (higher levels of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine) than PAO1 after exposure to PMNs, and they developed resistance to antibiotics more frequently. The mechanisms of resistance were increased β-lactamase production and overexpression of the MexCD-OprJ efflux-pump. Mutations in either the mutT or the mutY gene were found in resistant HP clinical isolates from patients with CF, and complementation with wild-type genes reverted the phenotype. In conclusion, oxidative stress might be involved in the development of resistance to antibiotics. We therefore suggest the possible use of antioxidants for CF patients to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Antimicrobials Misuse/Overuse: Adverse Effect, Mechanism, Challenges and Strategies to Combat Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Amit K. Mittal ◽  
Rohit Bhardwaj ◽  
Priya Mishra ◽  
Satyendra K. Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
High Effectiveness ◽  
Effect Mechanism ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Disease Condition

Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are the first risk factors for the development of antibiotics resistance. Inadequate professional competence of health care physicians might worsen the complications associated with antibiotics resistance. Antibiotic resistance is a global issue; however, the epicenter of this misfortune is Asian regions due to the easy accessibility of the strongest antibiotics without prescriptions or diagnoses. High effectiveness and easy accessibility of antibiotics lead to overuse/misuse and encouraging bacteria to develop the resistance. The over-usage and mis-usage of antibiotics are antibiotic abuse, which increase the potentially serious impact on human health. Bestowing to WHO guidelines, the resistance has led to spread worldwide and classifying resistance is a serious health problem. Furthermore, resistance claims uncertainty to predict the future. This review summarizes the major antibiotics involved in drug resistance, mechanism, prescribed dosage with a disease condition, proposed policies and guidelines to combat antibiotic resistance associated problems.

scholarly journals Proteomic Analyses of Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates to Identify Drug Resistant Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Ren-Qing Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Wen-Tao Yang ◽  
Qing-Hua Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Labeling Approach ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Related Proteins

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections. Increasing numbers of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii cases have been reported in recent years, but its antibiotic resistance mechanism remains unclear. We studied 9 multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 10 drug-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates using Label free, TMT labeling approach and glycoproteomics analysis to identify proteins related to drug resistance. Our results showed that 164 proteins exhibited different expressions between MDR and drug-susceptible isolates. These differential proteins can be classified into six groups: a. proteins related to antibiotic resistance, b. membrane proteins, membrane transporters and proteins related to membrane formation, c. Stress response-related proteins, d. proteins related to gene expression and protein translation, e. metabolism-related proteins, f. proteins with unknown function or other functions containing biofilm formation and virulence. In addition, we verified seven proteins at the transcription level in eight clinical isolates by using quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that four of the selected proteins have positive correlations with the protein level. This study provided an insight into the mechanism of antibiotic resistance of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

BacARscan: A Comprehensive and Interactive Web-Resource to Discern Antibiotic Resistance Gene Diversity in –Omics Datasets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deeksha Pandey ◽  
Bandana Kumari ◽  
Neelja Singhal ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Metagenomic Data ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Proteomic Data

Abstract Regular surveillance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is important to understand the emergence and epidemiology of antibiotic resistance (AR) in clinical and environmental niches. With diminishing costs, NGS technologies are anticipated to replace classical microbiological and molecular methods for determination of AR. One major hindrance underlying identification and annotation of ARGs from WGS data is that a major part of genome databases contain fragmented genes/genomes (due to incomplete assembly). Herein, we propose a web resource of Bacterial ARGs, named as BacARscan (Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance scan), to detect, predict and characterize ARGs in metagenomic, genomic and proteomic data. The current version of BacARscan comprises 254 ARG models, each annotated with a resistant profile against different classes of antibiotics, resistance mechanism etc. Benchmarking on a combined dataset of AR and non-AR proteins found 92% precision & 95% F-measure. BacARscan can also discriminate between the protein families that are homologous but not all families are involved in the AR. BacARscan identified more ARGs in (a) gut microbiome and (b) datasets comprising short read genomic and proteomic sequences of ESKAPE pathogens. Analysis of clinical metagenomic data indicated its potential to complement and/or supplement WGS based identification of ARGs in clinical samples. BacARscan standalone software and web-server are freely available at http://proteininformatics.org/mkumar/bacarscan and github repository (https://github.com/University-of-Delhi-south-campus/BacARscan).

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chow ◽  
Stephen Yortsos ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Energy Efficiency Analysis in ERA using NFL-BA Algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
Palky Mehta ◽  
H. L. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Head ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Energy Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

In the current scenario of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), power consumption is the major issue associated with nodes in WSN. LEACH technique plays a vital role of clustering in WSN and reduces the energy usage effectively. But LEACH has its own limitation in order to search cluster head nodes which are randomly distributed over the network. In this paper, ERA-NFL- BA algorithm is being proposed for selects the cluster heads in WSN. This algorithm help in selection of cluster heads can freely transform from global search to local search. At the end, a comparison has been done with earlier researcher using protocol ERA-NFL, which clearly shown that proposed Algorithm is best suited and from comparison results that ERA-NFL-BA has given better performance.

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