scholarly journals Responses of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Diversity and Community to 41-Year Rotation Fertilization in Brown Soil Region of Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyu Zhang ◽  
Peiyu Luo ◽  
Jinfeng Yang ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Jian Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Amf Diversity

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play vital roles in the growth and development of plants, ecosystem sustainability, and stability in agroecosystem, such as transporting nutrients to host plants, improving soil physical structure, and enhancing the stress resistance of host plants. However, the effects of fertilization on AMF diversity and community in brown soil areas are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore changes in AMF diversity and community structures and finding out the factors that influenced the changes after 41 years of fertilization in brown soil. Samples were collected from five treatments of the long-term fertilization experiment in June 2019, including CK (no fertilizer), N (mineral nitrogen fertilizer), NP (mineral nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer), M (pig manure), and MNP (pig manure, mineral nitrogen, and phosphate fertilizer). Illumina HiSeq sequencing was used to determine AMF diversity and community structure. The relationship between AMF communities in soil and roots and environmental factors was analyzed by redundancy analysis. The results showed that the soil nutrient content of manure treatments was generally higher than that of chemical fertilizer treatments and no fertilizer treatment. Long-term fertilization increased AMF spore density, which increased with the increase of soil fertility. The moderate content of soil available phosphorus was beneficial to the colonization of AMF. AMF diversity in soil decreased with soil fertility, but AMF diversity in roots was influenced only by soil nitrate–nitrogen and pH. Glomus was the dominant genus in both soil and root samples. AMF community structure in soil and roots had a different response to long-term fertilization. Application of manure had a greater impact on AMF community structure in soil, whereas application of exogenous phosphate fertilizer had a greater impact on that in roots. Soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate–nitrogen, total nitrogen, organic carbon, total potassium, and available potassium were the most important factors that influenced taxa of AMF in soil, whereas soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate–nitrogen, total nitrogen, organic carbon, total potassium, available potassium, available phosphorus, and plant phosphorus and potassium content were the most important factors influencing taxa of AMF in maize roots under long-term fertilization in brown soil.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ghana: Effect of Regional Locations and Soil Factors on Diversity and Community Assembly

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie Sarkodee-Addo ◽  
Michiko Yasuda ◽  
Chol Gyu Lee ◽  
Makoto Kanasugi ◽  
Yoshiharu Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
Amf Diversity

Understanding the community composition and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in an agricultural ecosystem is important for exploiting their potential in sustainable crop production. In this study, we described the genetic diversity and community structure of indigenous AMF in rain-fed rice cultivars across six different regions in Ghana. The morphological and molecular analyses revealed a total of 15 different AMF genera isolated from rice roots. Rhizophagus and Glomus were observed to be predominant in all regions except the Ashanti region, which was dominated by the genera Scutellospora and Acaulospora. A comparison of AMF diversity among the agroecological zones revealed that Guinea Savannah had the highest diversity. Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) analysis indicated that the available phosphorus (AP) in the soil was the principal determining factor for shaping the AMF community structure (p < 0.05). We report, for the first time, AMF diversity and community structure in rice roots and how communities are affected by the chemical properties of soil from different locations in Ghana.

scholarly journals Inoculation with highly-related mycorrhizal fungal siblings, and their interaction with plant genoptypes, strongly shapes tropical mycorrhizal fungal community structure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Marcela Ordoñez ◽  
Lucas Villard ◽  
Isabel Ceballos ◽  
Frédéric G Masclaux ◽  
Alia Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Amf Diversity ◽  
Amf Communities ◽  
The Impact

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to increase crop yields and all globally important crops form the mycorrhizal symbiosis. Only a few studies have investigated the impact of introduced AMF on local AMF communities and most studies have only investigated effects of one isolate. We studied the impact on AMF community structure of inoculating roots of the globally important crop cassava with highly genetically-related clonal siblings of two genetically different Rhizophagus irregularis isolates. We hypothesized that inoculation with R. irregularis siblings differentially influences the structure and the diversity of the pre-existing AMF community colonizing cassava. Alpha and beta taxonomic and phylogenetic AMF diversity were strongly and significantly altered differentially following inoculation with sibling AMF progeny. In most cases, the effects were also cassava-genotype specific. Although biomass production and AMF colonization were also both differentially affected by inoculation with sibling R. irregularis progeny these variables were not correlated with changes in the AMF community structure. The results highlight that investigations on the impact of an introduced AMF species, that use only one isolate, are unlikely to be representative of the overall effects of that AMF species and that the genetic identity of the host must be considered. The amount of inoculum added was very small and effects were observed 12 months following inoculation. That such a small amount of almost genetically identical fungal inoculum can strongly differentially influence AMF community structure 12 months following inoculation, indicates that AMF communities in tropical soils are not very resistant to perturbation.

Study on the Effects of Biogas Slurry Application on Soil Phosphate and Catalase Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3625-3629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Hua Pu ◽  
Ping Huang ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Song Quan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Soil Enzymes ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
The Relationship

To discuss the relationship between the effect on soil improvement, soil phosphatase activity and catalase activity by applying biogas slurry, the soil was applied on biogas slurry and pig manure respectively which was from demonstration base of ecological mulberry field at Rongchang, the soil enzymes and nutrients factor were determined and analyzed at different times. The results show that biogas slurry and pig manure can increase the content of soil organic matter, TN, TP, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, and improve the activity of soil enzymes. It can significantly improve the activity of acid phosphatase by applying biogas slurry, and have certain effect on alkaline and neutral phosphatase activity; it can effectively improve the soil catalase activity for long-term using.

Allelopathic and Medicinal plant. 26. Millettia speciosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Nasiruddin Nasiruddin ◽  
Yu Zhangxin ◽  
Ting Zhao Chen Guangying ◽  
Minghui Ji
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Rhizosphere Pseudomonas

We grew cucumber in pots in greenhouse for 9-successive cropping cycles and analyzed the rhizosphere Pseudomonas spp. community structure and abundance by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative PCR. Results showed that continuous monocropping changed the cucumber rhizosphere Pseudomonas spp. community. The number of DGGE bands, Shannon-Wiener index and Evenness index decreased during the 3rd cropping and thereafter, increased up to the 7th cropping, however, however, afterwards they decreased again. The abundance of Pseudomonas spp. increased up to the 5th successive cropping and then decreased gradually. These findings indicated that the structure and abundance of Pseudomonas spp. community changed with long-term cucumber monocropping, which might be linked to soil sickness caused by its continuous monocropping.

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