scholarly journals The Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Anthropometric Growth and Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients With Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Jun Kong ◽  
Guobin Wan ◽  
Ruiyi Tian ◽  
Siyu Liu ◽  
Kevin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Probiotic Treatment

Background: Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder associated with developmental delay, obesity, and neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis has demonstrated anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects in previous studies.Aim: To evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis probiotics supplementation on anthropometric growth, behavioral symptoms, and gut microbiome composition in patients with PWS.Methods: Ethical Approval was issued by the Internal Review Board (IRB) of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Review-YJ-2016-06). We conducted a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 68 patients with Prader-Willi syndrome aged 11 months−16 years (mean = 4.2 years old) who were randomly assigned to receive daily B. lactis-11 probiotics (6 × 1010 CFUs) or a placebo sachet. Weight, height, ASQ-3, ABC, SRS-2, and CGI-I were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks into treatment. Gut microbiome data were analyzed with the QIIME 2 software package, and functional gene analysis was conducted with PICRUSt-2.Results: We found a significant increase in height (mean difference = 2.68 cm, P < 0.05) and improvement in CGI-I (P < 0.05) in the probiotics group compared to the placebo group. No significant change in weight or psychological measures were observed. Probiotic treatment altered the microbiome composition to favor weight loss and gut health and increased the abundance of antioxidant production-related genes.Conclusions: The findings suggest a novel therapeutic potential for Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis probiotics in Prader-Willi syndrome patients, although further investigation is warranted.

scholarly journals Changes in the Intestinal Microbiome during a Multispecies Probiotic Intervention in Compensated Cirrhosis

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Horvath ◽  
Marija Durdevic ◽  
Bettina Leber ◽  
Katharina di Vora ◽  
Florian Rainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Compensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Gut Barrier Function ◽  
Probiotic Treatment

Probiotics have been used in trials to therapeutically modulate the gut microbiome and have shown beneficial effects in cirrhosis. However, their effect on the microbiome of cirrhosis patients is not fully understood yet. Here, we tested the effects of a multispecies probiotic on microbiome composition in compensated cirrhosis. The gut microbiome composition of 58 patients with compensated cirrhosis from a randomized controlled trial who received a daily dose of multispecies probiotics or placebo for six months was analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbiome composition of patients who received probiotics was enriched with probiotic strains and the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Syntrophococcus sucromutans, Bacteroides vulgatus, Alistipes shahii and a Prevotella species was increased in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group. Patients who had microbiome changes in response to probiotic treatment also showed a significant increase in neopterin and a significant decrease in faecal zonulin levels after intervention, which was not observed in placebo-treated patients or patients with unchanged microbiome compositions. In conclusion, multispecies probiotics may enrich the microbiome of compensated cirrhotic patients with probiotic bacteria during a six-month intervention and beneficially change the residential microbiome and gut barrier function.

scholarly journals Effect of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, BB-12®, on defecation frequency in healthy subjects with low defecation frequency and abdominal discomfort: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1638-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Eskesen ◽  
Lillian Jespersen ◽  
Birgit Michelsen ◽  
Peter J. Whorwell ◽  
Stefan Müller-Lissner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Placebo Capsule ◽  
Defecation Frequency

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, BB-12®, on two primary end points – defecation frequency and gastrointestinal (GI) well-being – in healthy adults with low defecation frequency and abdominal discomfort. A total of 1248 subjects were included in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. After a 2-week run-in period, subjects were randomised to 1 or 10 billion colony-forming units/d of the probiotic strain BB-12® or a matching placebo capsule once daily for 4 weeks. Subjects completed a diary on bowel habits, relief of abdominal discomfort and symptoms. GI well-being, defined as global relief of abdominal discomfort, did not show significant differences. The OR for having a defecation frequency above baseline for ≥50 % of the time was 1·31 (95 % CI 0·98, 1·75), P=0·071, for probiotic treatment overall. Tightening the criteria for being a responder to an increase of ≥1 d/week for ≥50 % of the time resulted in an OR of 1·55 (95 % CI 1·22, 1·96), P=0·0003, for treatment overall. A treatment effect on average defecation frequency was found (P=0·0065), with the frequency being significantly higher compared with placebo at all weeks for probiotic treatment overall (all P<0·05). Effects on defecation frequency were similar for the two doses tested, suggesting that a ceiling effect was reached with the one billion dose. Overall, 4 weeks’ supplementation with the probiotic strain BB-12® resulted in a clinically relevant benefit on defecation frequency. The results suggest that consumption of BB-12® improves the GI health of individuals whose symptoms are not sufficiently severe to consult a doctor (ISRCTN18128385).

scholarly journals PHAGE-2 Study: Supplemental Bacteriophages Extend Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL04 Benefits on Gut Health and Microbiota in Healthy Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2474
Author(s):  
Diana S. Grubb ◽  
Scott D. Wrigley ◽  
Kimberley E. Freedman ◽  
Yuren Wei ◽  
Allegra R. Vazquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Gut Function ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Gi Inflammation

Probiotics are increasingly used by consumers and practitioners to reduce gastrointestinal (GI) distress and improve gut function. Here, we sought to determine whether the addition of supplemental bacteriophages (PreforPro) could enhance the effects of a common probiotic, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) on GI health. A total of 68 participants were enrolled in a 4-week, randomized, parallel-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial where primary outcomes included self-assessments of GI health, a daily stool log, and 16s rRNA analysis of gut microbial populations. We observed within-group improvements in GI inflammation (p = 0.01) and a trending improvement in colon pain (p = 0.08) in individuals consuming B. lactis with PreforPro, but not in the group consuming only the probiotic. There was also a larger increase in Lactobacillus and short-chain fatty acid-producing microbial taxa detected in the stool of participants taking PreforPro with B. lactis compared to the probiotic alone. Overall, these results suggest the addition of PreforPro as a combination therapy may alter gut ecology to extend the GI benefits of consuming B. lactis or other probiotics.

scholarly journals Impact of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii on the gut microbiome composition in HIV-treated patients: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e0173802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Villar-García ◽  
Robert Güerri-Fernández ◽  
Andrés Moya ◽  
Alicia González ◽  
Juan J. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Microbiome Composition

scholarly journals Fiber and Prebiotic Interventions in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Role Does the Gut Microbiome Play?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3204
Author(s):  
Genelle R. Healey ◽  
Larissa S. Celiberto ◽  
Soo Min Lee ◽  
Kevan Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is complex but is thought to be linked to an intricate interaction between the host’s immune system, resident gut microbiome and environment, i.e., diet. One dietary component that has a major impact on IBD risk and disease management is fiber. Fiber intakes in pediatric IBD patients are suboptimal and often lower than in children without IBD. Fiber also has a significant impact on beneficially shaping gut microbiota composition and functional capacity. The impact is likely to be particularly important in IBD patients, where various studies have demonstrated that an imbalance in the gut microbiome, referred to as dysbiosis, occurs. Microbiome-targeted therapeutics, such as fiber and prebiotics, have the potential to restore the balance in the gut microbiome and enhance host gut health and clinical outcomes. Indeed, studies in adult IBD patients demonstrate that fiber and prebiotics positively alter the microbiome and improve disease course. To date, no studies have been conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of fiber and prebiotics in pediatric IBD patients. Consequently, pediatric IBD specific studies that focus on the benefits of fiber and prebiotics on gut microbiome composition and functional capacity and disease outcomes are required.

scholarly journals PHAGE-2 Study: Supplemental Bacteriophages Extend Bifidobacterium animals subsp. lactis BL04 Benefits on Gut Health and Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana S. Grubb ◽  
Scott D Wrigley ◽  
Kimberley E Freedman ◽  
Yuren Wei ◽  
Allegra R Vazquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
Gut Function ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Gi Inflammation

Probiotics are increasingly used by consumers and practitioners to reduce gastrointestinal (GI) distress and improve gut function. Here, we sought to determine whether addition of supplemental bacteriophages (PreforPro) could enhance the effects of a common probiotic, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) on GI health. We conducted a 4-week, randomized, parallel-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial where primary outcomes included self-assessments of GI health, a daily stool log, and 16s rRNA analysis of gut microbial populations. We observed within group improvements in GI inflammation (p=0.01) and a trending improvement in colon pain (p=0.08) in individuals consuming B. lactis with PreforPro, but not in the group consuming only the probiotic. There was also a larger increase in Lactobacillus and short chain fatty acid-producing microbial taxa detected in stool of participants taking PreforPro with B. lactis compared to the probiotic alone. Overall, these results suggest the addition of PreforPro as a combination therapy may alter gut ecology to extend the GI benefits of consuming B. lactis or other probiotics.

scholarly journals PROVIT: Supplementary Probiotic Treatment and Vitamin B7 in Depression—A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3422
Author(s):  
Eva Z. Reininghaus ◽  
Martina Platzer ◽  
Alexandra Kohlhammer-Dohr ◽  
Carlo Hamm ◽  
Sabrina Mörkl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Probiotic Treatment

Gut microbiota are suspected to affect brain functions and behavior as well as lowering inflammation status. Therefore, an effect on depression has already been suggested by recent research. The aim of this randomized double-blind controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of probiotic treatment in depressed individuals. Within inpatient care, 82 currently depressed individuals were randomly assigned to either receive a multistrain probiotic plus biotin treatment or biotin plus placebo for 28 days. Clinical symptoms as well as gut microbiome were analyzed at the begin of the study, after one and after four weeks. After 16S rRNA analysis, microbiome samples were bioinformatically explored using QIIME, SPSS, R and Piphillin. Both groups improved significantly regarding psychiatric symptoms. Ruminococcus gauvreauii and Coprococcus 3 were more abundant and β-diversity was higher in the probiotics group after 28 days. KEGG-analysis showed elevated inflammation-regulatory and metabolic pathways in the intervention group. The elevated abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria after probiotic treatment allows speculations on the functionality of probiotic treatment in depressed individuals. Furthermore, the finding of upregulated vitamin B6 and B7 synthesis underlines the connection between the quality of diet, gut microbiota and mental health through the regulation of metabolic functions, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Concluding, four-week probiotic plus biotin supplementation, in inpatient individuals with a major depressive disorder diagnosis, showed an overall beneficial effect of clinical treatment. However, probiotic intervention compared to placebo only differed in microbial diversity profile, not in clinical outcome measures.

scholarly journals Gut microbiome-related effects of berberine and probiotics on type 2 diabetes (the PREMOTE study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifei Zhang ◽  
Yanyun Gu ◽  
Huahui Ren ◽  
Shujie Wang ◽  
Huanzi Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Bacteriostatic Agent ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects

Abstract Human gut microbiome is a promising target for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Measures altering gut microbiota like oral intake of probiotics or berberine (BBR), a bacteriostatic agent, merit metabolic homoeostasis. We hence conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with newly diagnosed T2D patients from 20 centres in China. Four-hundred-nine eligible participants were enroled, randomly assigned (1:1:1:1) and completed a 12-week treatment of either BBR-alone, probiotics+BBR, probiotics-alone, or placebo, after a one-week run-in of gentamycin pretreatment. The changes in glycated haemoglobin, as the primary outcome, in the probiotics+BBR (least-squares mean [95% CI], −1.04[−1.19, −0.89]%) and BBR-alone group (−0.99[−1.16, −0.83]%) were significantly greater than that in the placebo and probiotics-alone groups (−0.59[−0.75, −0.44]%, −0.53[−0.68, −0.37]%, P < 0.001). BBR treatment induced more gastrointestinal side effects. Further metagenomics and metabolomic studies found that the hypoglycaemic effect of BBR is mediated by the inhibition of DCA biotransformation by Ruminococcus bromii. Therefore, our study reports a human microbial related mechanism underlying the antidiabetic effect of BBR on T2D. (Clinicaltrial.gov Identifier: NCT02861261).

scholarly journals The Specific Carbohydrate Diet and Diet Modification as Induction Therapy for Pediatric Crohn’s Disease: A Randomized Diet Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3749
Author(s):  
David L. Suskind ◽  
Dale Lee ◽  
Young-Mo Kim ◽  
Ghassan Wahbeh ◽  
Namita Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Specific Carbohydrate Diet

Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disorder associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Diet modulates the intestinal microbiome and therefore has a therapeutic potential. The aim of this study is to determine the potential efficacy of three versions of the specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) in active Crohn’s Disease. Methods: 18 patients with mild/moderate CD (PCDAI 15–45) aged 7 to 18 years were enrolled. Patients were randomized to either SCD, modified SCD(MSCD) or whole foods (WF) diet. Patients were evaluated at baseline, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. PCDAI, inflammatory labs and multi-omics evaluations were assessed. Results: Mean age was 14.3 ± 2.9 years. At week 12, all participants (n = 10) who completed the study achieved clinical remission. The C-reactive protein decreased from 1.3 ± 0.7 at enrollment to 0.9 ± 0.5 at 12 weeks in the SCD group. In the MSCD group, the CRP decreased from 1.6 ± 1.1 at enrollment to 0.7 ± 0.1 at 12 weeks. In the WF group, the CRP decreased from 3.9 ± 4.3 at enrollment to 1.6 ± 1.3 at 12 weeks. In addition, the microbiome composition shifted in all patients across the study period. While the nature of the changes was largely patient specific, the predicted metabolic mode of the organisms increasing and decreasing in activity was consistent across patients. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the impact of diet in CD. Each diet had a positive effect on symptoms and inflammatory burden; the more exclusionary diets were associated with a better resolution of inflammation.

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