What Is the Profile of Overweight Individuals Who Are Unsuccessful Responders to a Low-Energy Diet? A PREVIEW Sub-study

This study was performed to evaluate the profile of overweight individuals with pre-diabetes enrolled in PREVIEW who were unable to achieve a body weight loss of ≥8% of the baseline value in response to a 2-month low-energy diet (LED). Their baseline profile reflected potential stress-related vulnerability that predicted a reduced response of body weight to a LED programme. The mean daily energy deficit maintained by unsuccessful weight responders of both sexes was less than the estimated level in successful female (656 vs. 1,299 kcal, p < 0.01) and male (815 vs. 1,659 kcal, p < 0.01) responders. Despite this smaller energy deficit, unsuccessful responders displayed less favorable changes in susceptibility to hunger and appetite sensations. They also did not benefit from the intervention regarding the ability to improve sleep quality. In summary, these results show that some individuals display a behavioral vulnerability which may reduce the ability to lose weight in response to a diet-based weight loss program. They also suggest that this vulnerability may be accentuated by a prolonged diet restriction.

Download Full-text

The effect of addition of modified guar gum to a low-energy semisolid meal on appetite and body weight loss

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/sj.ijo.0801546 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 307-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

EMR Kovacs ◽

MS Westerterp-Plantenga ◽

WHM Saris ◽

I Goossens ◽

P Geurten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Low Energy

Download Full-text

Effects of Season, Plumage Colour and Transport Distance on Body Weight Loss, Dead-on-Arrival and Reject Rate in Commercial End-of-Lay Hens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061827 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1827

Author(s):

Enver Çavuşoğlu ◽

Metin Petek

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

The Body ◽

Plumage Colour ◽

Transport Distance ◽

Transportation Distance ◽

The Mean ◽

White Plumage

Transport conditions of end-of-lay hens are important for their welfare. This study investigated the effects of season, plumage colour, and transportation distance on the welfare of end-of-lay hens. Retrospective data from 31,667,274 end-of-lay hens transported to a poultry slaughterhouse in Turkey were analysed. The mean body weight loss, dead-on-arrival (DOA) rate, and reject rate were 3.723%, 1.397%, and 0.616%, respectively. The effects of season, plumage colour, and transport distance on the evaluated parameters were all statistically significant (p < 0.001). The highest body weight loss was found in winter, while the lowest body weight loss was found in autumn. The average DOA rate was highest in spring and lowest in autumn. The highest average reject rate was found in spring (0.630%). Body weight loss, DOA rates, and reject rates were also significantly different among white and brown hens (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.016, respectively). The highest body weight loss and reject rates were found in white plumage hens, while the highest DOA rate was found in brown plumage hens. The body weight loss and DOA rate were positively correlated with transportation distance (p < 0.001). The results of this study indicate that more preventive measures should be taken during the transport of end-of-lay hens, especially in cold seasons such as winter, and over longer transport distances, in regard to the welfare of these animals. Additionally, the transport of these animals should be lessened to a certain distance.

Download Full-text

The effect of dietary crude protein concentration and time of weaning on milk production and body-weight change in the ewe

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s000335610002290x ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 331-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J. J. Robinson ◽

C. Fraser ◽

J. C. Gill ◽

I. McHattie

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Milk Production ◽

Weight Change ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Body Weight Change ◽

The Mean ◽

Incremental Increase

SUMMARYTwenty-seven North Country Cheviot ewes, each carrying twin foetuses and having a mean body weight at 6 weeks prior to parturition of 81 kg were individually penned and offered a constant daily intake of 16·75 MJ metabolizable energy during the last 6 weeks of gestation. At parturition the ewes were allocated to one of three dried grass/concentrate diets containing (1) 10·3, (2) 13·6 or (3) 16·9 % crude protein (CP) and 10 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg. The mean daily CP intakes for diets 1 to 3 were 273, 340 and 415 g respectively and the mean daily ME intake was 25 MJ. Within each level of dietary CP intake the lambs were weaned at either 25, 35 or 41 days of age.There were no significant diet × stage of weaning interactions in milk yield or ewe body-weight change during lactation. The mean daily levels of milk production were 2·4, 2·9 and 3·1 kg for diets 1 to 3 respectively. The corresponding values for ewe body-weight loss were 118, 170 and 265 g per day. When the diet contained 13·8% CP the incremental increase in milk production per unit increase in protein intake was 4·2 g/g. This gave an incremental increase in lamb growth rate of 0·79 g/g and was equivalent to the associated incremental increase in ewe body-weight loss.A reduction in the concentration of CP in the ewes' diet when the lambs are 3 weeks of age may be a useful practical procedure for decreasing milk production and for reducing the body-weight loss of the ewe in a frequent breeding system.

Download Full-text

P1080INCREASE OF POST DIALYSIS HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION IS MORE APPROPRIATELY EXPLAINED BY PLASMA VOLUME CHANGE THAN INTRADIALYTIC WEIGH LOST

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Elena Babalj Banskolieva ◽

Risto Grozdanovski ◽

Katerina Spaseska Gjurovska ◽

Marko Ilievski ◽

Biljana Filipovska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Plasma Volume ◽

Volume Change ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Clinical Instability ◽

Plasma Volume Change ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

Abstract Background and Aims It is well known that haemoglobin significantly increases after haemodialysis and it is associated with the rate of weight loss during dialysis. However, it has been shown that the increase in haemoglobin is not always proportional to the rate of body weight loss during haemodialysis (ultrafiltration). The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between haemoglobin changes, body weight loss and plasma volume changes during haemodialysis Method A prospective study was performed on 92 patients in mid-week treatments. Pre-dialysis and post-dialysis haemoglobin and weight were measured. 27 patients were excluded because clinical instability, no change or a decrease in Hb and low pre-dialysis haemoglobin (< 9 g/dL). The correlation was statistically significant between %ΔPV and ΔHb in both groups (R2=0.59), whereas the correlation between %ΔBW and ΔHb was lower (R2=0.19). So, analysis show that only 19% of the variability in haemoglobin is explained by %ΔBW, and that 59% of the variability in haemoglobin is explained by %ΔPV. Results The mean age was 61.16 ± 13.11 year. The men were 52 (56%). The mean pre-dialysis Hb was 11.31 ± 1.16 g/dL, the mean post-dialysis Hb level was 12.53 ± 1.47 g/dL. The mean absolute change of haemoglobin (ΔHb g/dL) and percent of change of haemoglobin (%ΔHb) were 1.22 ± 0.76 and 9.44 ± 5.31, respectively. Average percent of weight change (%ΔBW) was - 2.44 ± 1.01. Percent of plasma volume change was - 9.22 ± 5.46. The patients were divided in two groups according post-dialysis haemoglobin level: Group A with haemoglobin Hb < 13 g/dL (64 patients) and group B with Hb ≥13 g/dL (28 patients). The mean time average haemoglobin concentration (TAC Hb) in all patients was 11.68 ± 1.11 g/dL.(Predicted Hb TAC was calculated according Krisper′s formula) In both groups there was an increase in %ΔHb, but in the group with post dialysis Hb ≥ 13 g/dL, %ΔHb was greater than in group B with post dialysis Hb < 13 g/dL (13.08 ± 5.11 versus 7.87± 4.61, P = 0.000) despite the relatively small difference of %ΔBW between the two groups (- 2.85 ± 0.95 versus - 2.23 ± 1.02; P = 0.010). However, the difference in %ΔPV between the two groups was significant (- 12.90 ± 5.63 versus - 7.61 ± 4.57; P < 0.000). Conclusion The intradialytic changes in haemoglobin levels are predominantly determined by changes in plasma volume. Changes in body weight are of little predictive value in evaluation of variation of haemoglobin levels. TAC Hb determination should be performed in patients with large variations in plasma volume, because the plasma volume has very little effect on TAC Hb.

Download Full-text